















LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, 


fhnjj./~ '/ C'ojiiii iftlil l/o 

< r~pr * * 

Shell / / / i 


UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 































NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND RESORTS. 

NEW YORK TO BOSTON, PORTLAND, 

WHITE MOUNTAINS, GREEN MOUNTAINS, 

Lake Memphremagog, Lake Champlain, 

MONTREAL AND QUEBEC. 



TAINTOR BROTHERS, MERRILL & CO. 

758 Broadway, New York. 





























THIRTY-TWO YEARS’ BUSINESS EXPERIENCE. 

NEWTORK 

Life Insurance Company, 


346 & 348 Broadway, New York. 



PURELY MUTUAL-NO STOCKHOLDERS. 

DIVIDENDS ANNUALLY, and applicable to the SECOND 
and subsequent yearly premiums. 


More than $33,000,000 Assets. 

Income, $8,000,000 Yearly. 

The advantages offered by this Company to those desiring Life 
Insurance are unsurpassed by any ether Institution of the kind. 


THE NEW-YORK LIFE INSURANCE CO. 

Completed the Thirty second year of its existence January 1, 1877. At that time 
its history was in brief and in round numbers as follows : 

The acceptance of One Hundred and Twenty-five Thousand Members (so 
distributed over the healthful sections of the UNITED STATES, CANADA 
and EUROPE, that the most favorable average results of mortality are obtained): 
the receipt of Sixty-eight Million Dollars tn Premiums : the pavment of 
Sixteen Million Doilars in Claims hv death, to the representatives of the 
insured, and Twenty-two Million Dollars in returned Premiums and Divi¬ 
dends. Duriner this period, the Assfts have arpmented constantly, and offer 
absolute security in tho sum of Thirty-three Million Dollars, safely 
invested and rapidly increasing. 

MORRIS FRANKLIN, President. 

WILLIAM H. BEERS, Vice-Pres. & Actuary. 
THEODORE M. EANTA, Cashier. 























V 

NORTHERN 


New England and Canada Resorts. 


A HAND-BOOK 


fob 


TOURISTS AND TRAVELERS, 


DE8CBIBINO THE SOUTHS HKOM 


NEW YORK AND BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, LAKE 
WINNIPISEOGEE, GREEN MOUNTAINS, LAKE MEMPHRE- 
MAGOG, MONTREAL AND QUEBEC, WITH FULL 
DESCRIPTIONS OF THE TILLAGES AND 

RESORTS ALONG THE ROUTES. \ - 





ILLUSTRATED WITH MAPS AND WOODCUTS. 



NEW YORK: 

PUBLISHED BY TAIN TOR BROTHERS, MERRILL & CO. 


758 BROADWAY 


1877. 






BOSTON AND PROVIDENCE R. R. DEPOT, 
On Pleasant St., foot of Common, Boston, Mass. 











































































INDEX 



PAGE 

Alton Bay. 

.. 49 

Amherst. 

.. 23 

Amoskeag. 

. 25 

Andover. N. H. 

.. 43 

Andover, Mass.... 

.. 47 

Ashland. 

.. 31 

Barton. 

. Ill 

Bath. 


Batiscan. 

.. 119 

Bethel. 


Bethlehem. 

.. 38 

Biddeford. 

.. 51 

Billerica. 

.. 19 

Bolton. 

.. 87 

Boscawen. 

. . 42 

Boston. 

.. 10 

Bradford, N. H.... 

.. 41 

Bradford, Mass.... 

.. 47 

Bradford, Vt. 

.. 107 

Braintree. 

.. 79 

Bristol. 

.. 43 

Burlington. 

.. 89 

Caeouna . 

.. 125 

Camptor.. 


Canaan. 

. . 44 

Canterbury. 

.. 27 

Cape Arundel. 

.. 51 

Cape Elizabeth.... 

.. 57 

Centre Harbor. 

30, 60 

Chateausrav. 

.. 98 

Chelsea. 

.. 54 

Colchester. 

.. 91 

Colebrook . 

.. 40 

Concord, N. H_ 

.. 26 

Connecticut Lakes. 

.. 41 

Conway. 


Conway J unction.. 

.. 57 

Crawford House... 

.. 62 

Croydon. 

.. 43 

Dalton. 

.. 39 

Distances in White 

Mountains. 


Dixville Notch. 

.. 41 

Dover. 

.. 48 

Dunstable. 

.. 21 

Durham. 


East Andover. 

.. 43 

East Franklin. 

.. 96 

East Haverhill__ 

.. 34 

East Kinston. 

.. 48 

East Lebanon. 

.. 45 

East Swanton. 

. 96 

East Tilton. 

,. 69 

East Wakefield. 

.. 58 

Eaxt Woburn.. 

.. 19 

Edgeworth. 

.. 46 


PAGE 

Elevations ,. 67 

Elliott. 67 

Enfield. 44 

Enosburgh Falls. 96 

Essex Junction. 88 

Exeter. 48 

Fabyans.. 39 

Farmington.. 49 

Fisherviile . 42 

Franklin. 43 

Georgia. 91 

Glen House. 68 

Glen Station.69, 68 

Goff’s Falls. 24 

Goodrich Falls. 69 

Gorham.69, 68 

Grafton. 44 

Great Falls. 50 

Greenfield. 24 

Groveton J unction.. 40 

Guildhall. 40 

Ha ! Ha ! Bay. 124 

Hampton. 56 

Hampton Beach. . 56 

Hanover. 106 

Haverhill, N. H. 34 

Haverhill, Mass. 47 

Highgate Springs. .. 97 

Hookset. 25 

Hopkington. 41 

Ipswich. 55 

Isles of Shoals. 66 

Jacksons. 59 

Jefferson Hill. 40 

Kennebunk. 51 

Kittery. 56 

Laconia. 28 

Lake Champlain. 99 

Lake Echo.69, 71 

Lake Memphremagog 112 
Lake Newichawan- 

nock. 68 

Lake Ossipee. 58 

Lake Silver..... 58 

Lake Sunapee. 41 

Lake Squam. 82 

Lake Willoughby.... 11C 
Lake Win nip iseogee . 29 

Lake Village. 28 

Lancaster. 39 

Lawrence. 47 

Lebanon. 45 

Lincoln. 33 

Lisbon. 36 

Litchfield, N. H. 24 

Littleton. 86 


PAGE 

Lowell. 19 

Lyndeborough. 23 

Lyndon. 110 

Lynn. 54 

Madison. 58 

Malden. 46 

Malone. 99 

Manchester. 25 

Martin’s Ferry. 25 

Massena Springs. 98 

Mclndoe Falls. 108 

Medford- J unction.... 46 

Melrose. 46 

Meredith Village.... 31 

Merrimack. 24 

Middlesex, Mass. 21 

Middlesex, Vt. 85 

Milford. 23 

Milton. 91 

Missisquoi Springs.. 95 

Montmorenci. 123 

Montpelier. 81 

Montpelier Junction. 80 

Moultonborough. 31 

Mountains. 

Adirondacks.102 

Camel's Hump... 85 

Cannon. 71 

Choeorua. 30 

Franconia. 69 

Green. 65 

Katahdin. 65 

Kearsarge. 44 

Kearsarge (Con¬ 
way). 65 

Lafayette.69, 72 

Mansfield. 85 

Monad nock. 30 

Moose Hillock.... 34 

Ossipee. SO 

Oxford.*113 

Owl’s Head....34, 113 

Pulaski. 35 

Red Hill. 80 

Washington. 64 

Webster. 60 

Willard.60, 62 

White. 61 


Mount Adams House. 40 
Mt. Mansfield House. 85 
Mt. Pleasant House.. 39 
Mount Washington 


House. 39 

Nahant. 54 


3 


















































































































































INDEX. 


PAGE 

Nashua. 21 

Newbury. 108 

Newburyport.. 55 

New Durham. 49 

New London. 48 

Newmarket. 48 

Newmarket Junction. 48 

Newport, N. H. 41 

Newport, Vt. 112 

Newton Junction.... 48 

North Berwick. 51 

North Chelmsford.... 21 

North Concord. 27 

North Conway. 58 

Northfleld, YL. 79 

Northfield, N. H. 27 

Northern N. E. Re- 

cnrf r n 

North Hav erhill ’ ’. ’. ’. *. 35 

North Stratford. 40 

Northumberland. 40 

Northumberland Falls 40 

Norwich, Vt. 106 

Ogdensburg. 98 

Old Orchard Beach.. 52 

Ossipee. 58 

Pavilion Hotel. 82 

Pigeon Cove. 56 

Piscataquog. 25 

Plaisted House. 40 

Plaistow. 47 

Plattsburg. 100 

Plymouth, N. H. 32 

Pompanoosuc. 107 

Portland. 53 

Portsmouth. 56 

Potter Place. 43 

Profile House. 70 

Prout’s Neck. 57 

Quebec.120 

Randolph. 78 

Rangeley Lakes. 41 

Reading. 46 

Reed’s Ferry. 24 

Revere Beach. 54 

Richford. 96 

Richmond. 87 

Ridley’s Station. 87 

Rivers. 

Ammonoosuck. .36, 62 
Connecticut... 62, 107 

Israel,. 40 

Merrimack. .25, 47, 55 
Pemigewasset.. 33, 71 

Piscataqua. 56 

Saco .52, 59 

Saguenay. 126 

St. Lawrence_ 118 

Rochester. 49 

Rollingsford. 51 

Rouse’s Point . 98 


PAGE 

Routes. 

From N.Y. to Boston, 7 
By Springfield R.R. 7 
By Air Line R.R. 7 
By Shore Line R.R. 7 
By Norwich Line, 8 
By Stonington Line, 8 
ByProvidenceLine, 8 
By Fall River Line, 9 
From White Mts. 
North to Mon¬ 
treal & Quebec. 74 
Boston, Lowell & 
Nashua R.R..15, 19 
Boston & Maine 

R.R.16, 46 

B., C. &M. R.R. 27 
Bristol Branch 


R.R. 43 

Central Vt. R.R. 75 
Con. & Clar. N.H. 

R.R. 41 

Conn. & Pass. 

Riv. R.R.106 

Concord R.R_ 24 


Eastern & Maine 

Cen. R.R.17, 54 

Mt. Wash. R.R.. 63 

Northern N. H. 

R.R. 41 

Ogd. & L. Cham. 

R.R. 98 

Stan stead, Shef- 
ford & Chambly 
R.R.97, 113 


Stony Brook R.R. 21 
Wilton Branch 

R.R. 22 

Intemat’al Steam 

Ship Line. 17 

Lake Winnipiseo- 


gee Steamers. 30-31 


Portland, Bangor 
& Machias 
Steamers. 18 

Roxbury. 79 

Royalton. 78 

Rumney. 33 

Ryegate. 108 

Saco. 52 

Salem. 55 

Salisbury. 65 

Salisbury Beach. 56 

Salmon Falls. 51 

Sandwich. . 31 

Scarborough Beach... 57 

Seabrook. 56 

Sharon. 78 

Sheldon Springs. 94 

Sheldon Village. 95 

4 


PAGH 

Somerville. 46 

Sorel. 118 

South Boston. Ill 

South Berwick June. 57 

South Royalton. 78 

Springfield, N.H... 43 

Starr K in g House.... 40 

Stoneham. 46 

Stowe. 86 

St. Alban’s. 91 

St. John’s. 97 

St. Johnsbury.109 

St. Johnsbury Centre 110 

St. Lambert. 98 

Sun cook. 26 

Swampscott. 54 

Tadousac. 123 

Tamworth. 31 

Tewksbury.... 19 

Thetford. 107 

Thornton’s Ferry.... 24 

Three Rivers. 118 

Tilton. 27 

Twin Mountain 

H ouse. 39 

Tyngsborough. 21 

Wakefield, N. H. 58 

Wakefield, Mass. 46 

Warner. 41 

Warren. 34 

Waterbury. 85 

Waumbeck House... 40 

Webster Place. 42 

Weirs. 28 

Wells, N. H. 51 

Wells’ River.51, 108 

Wentworth. 34 

West A ndover. 44 

West Burke. 110 

West Hartford, Vt... 77 

West Lebanon. 45 

West Medford. 19 

West Ossipee. 58 

West Rumney. 34 

West Scarborough... 57 

Whitefield. 39 

White River June. .45, 77 

Wilmington. 19 

Wilmington Junction 46 

Willey House. 63 

Williston. 88 

Wilton. 23 

Winchester. 19 

Wing Road. 38 

Winooski. 89 

Woburn. 19 

Wolfe borough.50, 58 

Woodstock. 83 

Wood stock Station... 77 

Woodsville. 35 

Wyoming.... 46 


































































































































































































































































































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Northern New England Resorts. 


“ Where shall we go, and how shall we get there ?” are the ques¬ 
tions everywhere asked by seekers after summer recreation- 
questions which this volume is an attempt to answer for those 
whose tastes and location incline them to northern travel. Near 
the towns man has made, are the mountains, rivers, lakes, sea¬ 
shores, of our northern country, still almost as God left them. 
New York and Boston can in a few hours find themselves turned 
loose in this grand park of nature, whose snow-capped peaks, 
flashing cascades, quiet lakes, and cool groves, offer a safe retreat, 
a sure remedy for the overwork, exhaustion and ennui of business 
or fashionable life in the cities A short step from one’s house or 
office into the car or steamer presents a transformation. The 
scene suddenly changes, and the glory begins, of stream and wood¬ 
land, mountain and valley, birds and flowers, songs and fragrance, 
making one’s journey an enchantment. 

The objective points of northern pleasure travel, comprise 
chiefly the White Mountains of New Hampshire, and their humbler 
* neighbors, the Green Mountains of Vermont, and the Adirondacks 
of New York, the rivers and lakes of Maine, and the sea-shores and 
islands of New Hampshire and Maine. The White Mountains lie 
in the northern part of New Hampshire, and occupy an area of 
more than 500 square miles. The Eastern group of eleven great 
peaks have an elevation of from 4,000 feet to 0,285 feet. Many 
others adjacent have nearly equal altitudes. The Western or 
Franconia group, though less elevated, have many points of in¬ 
terest peculiar to themselves, which make them successful rivals 
of their more lofty neighbors. 

Naturally rugged, cold and mysterious, mountains do not usu¬ 
ally invite familiarity. The ancients made them the homes of 
their terrible gods. The natives stood in awe of them and rarely 
ventured near their summits. But the enterprise of New Eng- 

5 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


land has created upon them comfortable ascents, luxurious hotels, 
speedy and easy means of transportation and intercommunication, 
until the bracing air and the wonderful pictures of grandeur and 
beauty among these mountain peaks, lakes, and rivers, are availa¬ 
ble to all. 

To those dwelling inland or constitutionally demanding the 
tonic of sea air and sea bathing in summer, the coasts of New 
Hampshire and Maine offer peculiar advantages. From Boston to 
St. John, a long succession of beaches and islands seem designed 
by nature for places of rest and recreation. Nahant, Swampscott, 
Hampton, Rye, Wells, Old Orchard, and many others; Isles of 
Shoals, Deer Isle, Mt. Desert, and others, offer a catalogue of 
charms out of which the first and chief difficulty is to choose—at 
any of which much may be found to amply pay for the trouble 
and expense of a trip. 

Pleasure-seekers among the Northern New England resorts 
will naturally turn their thoughts and course to the contiguous 
region beyond, and visit Montreal and Quebec. They will find 
by consulting these pages that the rivers and lakes, the mountains 
and waterfalls of our Canadian neighbors afford as grand and 
picturesque views of nature as are afforded on our continent. 
The St. Lawrence River, from Montreal to its mouth, furnishes 
rare points of interest to the tourist. Besides the cities of Mon¬ 
treal and Quebec, with their natural and artificial endowments, 
there are the islands and falls along the river on which the tour¬ 
ist passes to Cacouna, the Newport of the Canadas, and to the 
River Saguenay, the wildest and most beautiful of our American 
rivers. 


6 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


ROUTES FROM NEW YORK TO BOSTON. 


RAILWAY ROUTES. 

The traveller from New York to Boston has his choice between 
routes all the way by rail y part by rail and part by steamer. Each 
has its advantages. The all-rail routes are under the direction 
and control of the N. Y. and N. H. R. R. The time from New 
York to Boston is from seven to nine hours ; the connections are 
close; no change of cars ; and the comfort and safety of passen¬ 
gers receive the thoughtful attention of the managers of the road. 
Passengers having chosen whether they will go by Springfield, 
by the Air Line, or by the Shore Line, will purchase through 
tickets accordingly in New York, whence they depart, leaving 
from the Grand Central depot at 42d street and Fourth Ave., and 
reaching New Haven in about two hours. This route is through 
a charming country, and by such towns as Stamford, Norwalk, 
Westport, Fairfield, and Bridgeport. 

ROUTE BY SPRINGFIELD. 

This route leads over the New Haven and Hartford R. R., giv¬ 
ing views of the Connecticut river scenery, and such towns as 
Meriden, New Britain, Hartford and Springfield. Close con¬ 
nection of cars is made without change over the Boston and 
Albany R. R. via Worcester to Boston. Distance, 234 miles. 

AIR LINE ROUTE. 

This is a more direct and shorter route, leading through the 
romantic hill country of Eastern Connecticut by Middletown, 
Willimantic, Putnam, and Woonsocket to Boston. 

SHORE LINE ROUTE. 

This is a still shorter route from New Haven, passing Guilford, 
Saybrook, New London, and Providence, and enjoying fine views 
of the Sound and the scenery along its shore. 

All these lines furnish the best of palace and sleeping cars, and 
every appliance for safety, speed and comfort. 

7 



NORTHERN RESORTS . 


STEAMER ROUTES. 

NORWICH LINE OF STEAMERS. 

The fine boats “City of New York” and “City of Boston” 
leave pier No. 40, North River, at 5 o’clock P. M. Their ap¬ 
pointments and conveniences are complete, their management 
liberal and business-like. The sail on them affords a full view of 
the metropolis, the harbor and rivers, their islands and institu¬ 
tions, and the various towns and points of interest along the two 
shores of the Sound. Time and opportunity for a good night’s 
sleep are afforded. Arriving at New London at 4 o’clock A. M., 
the train is ready an hour later to take passengers to Boston by 
the N. Y. and N. E. R. R. via Worcester or Woonsocket, where 
time is given for breakfast—reaching Boston about 10 o’clock A.M. 

STONINGTON LINE OF STEAMERS. 

The large, well known boats of this line, the “ Narragansett ” 
and “ Stonington,” leave Pier No. 33, North River, at 5 o’clock 
P. M. in summer, at 4 o’clock in winter ; and, steaming through 
the East River and the Sound, arrive at Stonington at 4.30 
A. M. The arrangements for the comfort of passengers, both at 
the table and in the staterooms, are elegant and ample. Making 
close connection, passengers are taken over the Shore Line R. R. 
from Stonington via Providence, arriving at Boston at 7 A. M. 

PROVIDENCE LINE OF STEAMERS. 

This line offers since May 1st, 1877, special attractions. The 
new and magnificent steamer ‘ ‘ Massachusetts ” and the well- 
known “Rhode Island,” leave Pier No. 29, North t River, foot of 
Warren street, at 5 o’clock P. M. daily in summer, at 4 o’clock in 
winter. These boats are complete in every respect, both for the 
comfort, safety and pleasure of passengers. In addition to the 
sail through the Sound, is that up the Narragansett Bay. A full 
night’s rest can be obtained—the boats arriving at Providence at 
6 o’clock A. M. Sixty minutes ride by rail—42 miles—over a 
double track road, by a new and elegant express train, lands pas¬ 
sengers in Boston in time for breakfast. 

8 


PORTLAND AND WORCESTER LINE. 

The Steamboat train from the Norwich Line and the Boston 
and Philadelphia Express Line, arrives at the New Union Station, 
Worcester, at 7.33 A.M., daily (Monday mornings excepted). 
Passengers take breakfast here, and proceed via Portland and 
Worcester Line, at 7.50 A.M., to Clinton , one of the most thriving 
villages in New England, where connection is made with the Bos¬ 
ton, Clinton, Fitchburg and New Bedford R. R., for Leominster, 
Fitchburg, Winchendon, Keene, Bellows Falls, and points on the 
Rutland Railroad. At Ayer Junction, connection is made with 
Fitchburg R. R. for Boston and Mason Village, and with the 
Hoosac Tunnel Line to and from the West. 

At Nashua, N. H., 46 miles from Worcester, connection is made 
with Concord R. R., with through Express trains for Manchester, 
Concord, White River Junction, Montpelier, Burlington, St. Al¬ 
bans and Montreal, via Central Vermont R. R. ; also for Lake 
Winnipesaukee, Plymouth, St. Johnsbury, Newport, Vt., Mon¬ 
treal and Quebec, via Montreal and Boston Air Line,” and for 
Littleton (stages for Profile House), Franconia Mountains, Lan¬ 
caster, Bethlehem, and the White Mountains. 

From Nashua, this line continues in an easterly direction, cross¬ 
ing the Manchester and Lawrence R. R. at Windham; the Concord 
and Portsmouth R. R. at Epping, and at Rochester close connec¬ 
tion is made with Boston and Maine R. R. for Alton Bay; and 
the Eastern R. R. for North Conway and the White Mountains, 
including Glen Station (stages for Glen House, 15 miles), Upper 
Bartlett, Jackson, Crawford House and Fabyan House, and points 
on the Portland and Ogdensburg R. R. 

Continuing from Rochester, 95 miles from Worcester, the line 
passes through Spriugvale, Me., Alfred, Saco River, Saccarappa, 
Gorham and Westbrook Junction, where connection is made for 
all points on the Maine Central R. R. Two miles from West¬ 
brook Junction is the city of Portland, the Eastern terminus of 
the line, 147 miles from Worcester. 

Connection is made in Portland with Grand Trunk Railway, and 
with Steamers for Mt. Desert, St. John and Halifax. 

This is the only line running through parlor cars between Port¬ 
land and Long Island Sound, and the White Mountains and Long 
Island Sound. H. N. TURNER, Worcester, Mass., 

Freight and Passenger Agent. 


NORTHERN’ RESORTS. 


FALL RIVER LINE OF STEAMERS. 

Still another line of boats run up the Sound to Fall River, con¬ 
necting there with through express trains to Boston and other 
points. Passengers choosing this route will set out from Pier No. 
23, North River, at 5 o’clock P.M. in summer, and 4 P.M. in win- 



Steamer “Bristol” op Fall River Line. 


ter. The “Bristol” and the “Providence” are well called 
“ floating palaces. Their large state-rooms lighted with gas, their 
band of music and promenade concerts every evening, their gen¬ 
erous supplies of everything to please and satisfy the senses of 
those seeking recreation or travelling on business, make this route 
deservedly popular with best classes. 

Arriving at Fall River, on Mt. Hope Bay, an arm of Narragan- 
sett Bay, at the confluence of Taunton and Fall Rivers, at 4 
o’clock A.M., passengers can without haste or discomfort get 
ready for the train which starts at 5 o’clock, A. M. on the Old 
Colony R. R. reaching Boston about 7 o’clock A. M. 

9 


1 * 







NORTHERN RESORTS. 


BOSTON. 

Hotels: — Brunswick, American, Tremont , Iievere , Parker , /Sfc. 
James, Young's, and others. 

The metropolis of New England and the second commercial city 
of America, occupies a peninsula lying between the Charles River 
and Boston Bay, which constitutes the old portion, or Boston 
proper, while included within the city limits are East Boston and 
South Boston. The former is separated from Boston proper by a 
portion of the harbor, and the latter by a narrow creek, the outlet 
of South Bay. On the south-west it is connected with Roxbury 
by what is called the “ Neck,” once a narrow isthmus, but now 
much enlarged to make room for a rapidly increasing population. 
Its surface is very uneven, rising at three different points into 
elevations of considerable height. One of these called Beacon 
Hill is 138 feet above the sea level. It was called by the Indians 
“ Shawmut,” and by the early English settlers “ Tremont ” or 
“ Trimount,” appellations that still cling to some of its principal 
avenues. In part owing to the unevenness of its surface, and be¬ 
cause it was originally laid out upon no systematic plan, its streets 
are perhaps the most irregular of any city in the country. Recent 
improvements, however, have remedied some of these defects, so 
that Washington and Tremont streets, its principal thoroughfares 
and promenades, are convenient and capacious. 

As the oldest city of the New World, it abounds with tradition¬ 
ary and historical associations, while for the high social culture 
of its society, the eminent literary talent of its numerous writers, 
the eloquence and ability of its public speakers, as well as for 
'the enterprise and public spirit of its merchants and business 
men, it stands preeminent among the cities of America. 

Its location is upon the best harbor on the New England coast, 
opening to the sea between two points nearly four miles distant 
from one another. It is sheltered from the ocean by the penin¬ 
sulas, of which these two points are the extremities, as well as by 
a number of islands, between which are three good passages. 
Good anchorage ground is afforded by the harbor for vessels of 

10 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


the largest tonnage. Along the south side of the harbor lies 
South Boston. It embraces about 600 acres, and is handsomely 
and regularly laid out. It has numerous and extensive foundries, 
machine shops, and other manufactories. At Alger’s foundry 
immense cannon are cast. Near its centre, about two miles from 
the State House, are the famous Dorchester Heights, which the 
Americans fortified in 1775. They rise 130 feet above the ocean 
level, and afford a fine view of the bay and surrounding country. 
Here is a capacious reservoir of the Boston Water Works, a large 
and well managed Asylum for the Blind, the Houses of Industry, 
Correction and Reformation belonging to the city. These occupy 
upwards of sixty acres of ground. East Boston occupies what 
was formerly known as Noddle’s Island. Previous to 1832 it was 
the private property of a few individuals, who then laid it out in 
streets and city lots. It is now an important business section of the 
great city, and is engaged in ship-building and various branches 
of manufacture. A wharf 1,000 feet long is devoted to the use of 
the Cunard line of steamers of Liverpool. 

Boston Common is one of the finest public parks to be found in 
any city. It occupies a central position, contains nearly 50 acres 
of rolling surface, with inviting walks beautifully shaded by giant 
elms, some of them more than one hundred years old. In the 
centre is a small pond, the site of the ancient “Frog Pond,” 
where a fountain sends up a stream 60 or 70 feet. These grounds 
are enclosed by an iron fence. The Common is bounded on the 
north, east, and south, by Beacon, Tremont, Boylston, and Park 
streets, upon which stand many of the finest and oldest mansions 
of the city. On the west, separated from it by Charles street, is 
the Public Garden, containing some 24 acres, ornamented with 
walks, artificial ponds and fountains, parterres of shrubs and 
flowers, and a fine conservatory. A stroll here is delightful, while 
near by are the magnificent avenues, with their elegant and costly 
buildings, on what is called “ Back Bay.” 

Among its public buildings, the State House is the most con¬ 
spicuous. It stands on Beacon Hill fronting the Common. Its 
dome, 50 feet in diameter, 120 feet high, 230 feet above the sea 
level, affords a view unsurpassed by any in the United States. 
The entire city, the harbor with its islands and fleets, the Bunker 

11 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Hill monument, innumerable towns and villages with the fertile 
fields between, lie outspread before the eye in pictured beauty and 
distinctness. This edifice was begun July 4th, 1795, and com¬ 
pleted in 1798. In front stand the bronze statues of Daniel Web¬ 
ster and Horace Mann, and upon the entrance floor, Chantrey’s 
marble statue of Washington, around which are grouped the colors 
of the different regiments of the State engaged in the late war, 
with trophies of the Revolutionary war. 

Faneuil Hall, called the “ Cradle of Liberty,” is in Faneuil Hall 
Square. It is built of brick and is 100 feet long, 80 feet wide, 
and three stories high. It was built and given to the city by 
Peter Faneuil, a Boston merchant, in 1742, and rebuilt in 17G8. 
The main hall is 76 feet square, and contains some fine portraits 
of distinguished Americans. It is used for political gatherings 
and public meetings, and is an object of interest and pride to 
Americans. Here in Revolutionary days orators fired the people 
with courage to resist British aggressions, and often since, its 
walls have echoed with the stirring eloquence of our greatest pa¬ 
triots and statesmen. 

Quincy Market, immediately east of Faneuil Hall, was when new 
the handsomest market building in the United States. It is built 
of granite, is two stories high, surmounted by a dome. Quincy 
Hall, the second story, is so constructed as to be in several apart¬ 
ments, or one, as the occasion requires. Annual fairs are held here, 
when it is connected with Faneuil Hall by a temporary gallery or 
bridge. The Boston Custom House is a huge granite structure 
in the form of a cross, erected by the Federal Government at a 
cost of about $1,100,000. The Merchants’ Exchange building is 
fire proof, standing on the south side of State street. The front 
is built of Quincy granite, with four pilasters, each 45 feet high 
and weighing 55 tons. Here the great fire of 1873 was checked 
on State street. The new City Hall is of white Concord granite, 
and cost $600,000. In front of it stands the bronze statue of 
Franklin. The Old South Church, the shrine of Boston, is on 
Washington, near School street. It was built in 1729, on the site 
of a former one built in 1669. It is full of historic associations 
dear to every American, and will be kept as a reminder of the 
sacrifices of our fathers for our liberties. The U. S. Post Office and 

12 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Sub-Treasury building, on Milk and Devonshire streets, is an im¬ 
posing structure of granite, costing from $2,000,000 to $3,000,000. 
It is in the French style of architecture, with an immense roof 
and groups of statuary in front. Space will permit scarcely a 
mention of Music Hall, with its big organ; the Masonic Tem¬ 
ple, with its mediaeval architecture and interior antiquities; the 
Boston Public Library, with its 193,000 volumes and 100,000 pam¬ 
phlets; the Boston Atheneum, with its 100,000 volumes and its 
gallery of statuary and painting ; the Public Schools—the finest in 
the country; the churches, the hospitals, and institutions of be¬ 
nevolence, for all which Boston is famous. No description can 
do them justice. The visitor needs to see them. 

The suburbs of Boston have many attractions. Seven bridgea 
most of them free, connect Boston with neighboring towns and 
cities. Horse cars and stages run every few minutes to Charles¬ 
town, the site of Bunker Hill Monument, a granite column 220 
feet high, with spiral steps inside to the top. Here are also the 
United States Navy Yard and naval depot. Harvard University, 
the oldest college in the country, is in Cambridge, three miles from 
the city, and accessible by horse cars from Bowdoin Square. A 
mile west of the University is Mount Auburn Cemetery, covering 
125 acres, diversified with hill and dale, beautified by art, and rich 
with a natural growth of forest trees. The region of country, 
within ten or fifteen miles of Boston, surpasses in beauty, good 
taste, and attractiveness of its residences, parks, lawns and gar¬ 
dens, that of any section of equal size in America, if not in the 
world. Here reside many of the merchants and business men of 
Boston, who find the narrowness and contraction of the city lim¬ 
its unsuited to their tastes and necessities. 

The extensive commerce of the city with all parts of the world 
necessitates extensive warehouses, docks, and shipping facilities, 
and numerous railroad depots of which Boston has some seven, 
all commodious and most of them beautiful structures. 

The depots of the Boston, Lowell and Nashua, the Eastern and 
the Fitchburg Railways are in the northern part of the city, on 
Causeway Street. The Boston and Maine R. R. Depot is on Hay- 
market Square, just south of the above. The Old Colony R. R. 
Depot is on the corner of Kneeland and South Streets. The Bos- 

13 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


ton and Albany R. R. Depot is on Beech Street, comer of Lincoln. 
The Boston and Providence R. R. Depot is on Pleasant Street, 
near the Common. 

Hotels of Boston. 

The Hotel Brunswick, on Boylston Street, comer of Clarendon, 
south west of the Common, is new and complete in every respect. 
The house is constructed and furnished with the most careful re¬ 
gard to the tastes and wants of a cultivated and refined public. 
To accomplish a perfect result, time, labor, and money were, and 
are still, lavished. The hotel is easy of access, and still is in the 
most quiet and fashionable locality of the city. The street cars 
pass its doors. 

The American Hotel, a large brown-stone building on Hanover 
Street, with 400 rooms, is noted for its cleanliness and comfort. 
The management is efficient in every department. It is conveni¬ 
ently located both for business or pleasure ; has an elevator and 
all the appointments of a strictly first-class hotel. The prices are 
graduated according to the location of rooms, and are as low as 
the excellence of the accommodations and the abundant supplies 
of the table will allow. 

The Parker House, on School street, and Young’s Hotel on 
Court avenue, both on the European plan, are strictly first-class. 
At the National, on Haymarket Square, opposite Boston and 
Maine R.R. Depot, Adams House, the Quincy House, the Craw¬ 
ford, the Belmont, and several others, the traveler can be enter¬ 
tained in a substantial way at moderate cost. 



THE BOSTON, LOWELL, AND NASHUA RAILWAY. 
14 












NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FROM BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 
MONTREAL AND QUEBEC. 

BY THE BOSTON, LOWELL AND NASHUA R. R. 

This route presents peculiar attractions to the traveling pub¬ 
lic. It includes the Boston, Lowell and Nashua, the Concord, 
the Northern (N. H.), the Central Vermont, and the Vermont 
and Canada Railways. The through line arrangements also in¬ 
clude connections with the Connecticut and Passumpsic River 
Railroad at White River Junction, and with the Boston, Concord, 
Montreal, and White Mountains Railroad at Concord, N. H., for the 
White Mountains. Passengers leave Boston from the magnificent 
passenger depot on Causeway St., in the north part of the city. 

At Lowell, where the Concord and Merrimack rivers unite, 
forming the immense water power, the road enters the beautiful 
Merrimack valley and follows the river’s right bank to Nashua, 
thence on via Manchester to Concord. From Concord, the route is 
through the romantic scenery along the shore of Lake Winnipis- 
eogee, across mountain streams, beneath mountain shadows, till 
the traveler is landed at the White Mountains. 

From Wells River travelers reach Montreal via Montpelier over 
the Wells River and Montpelier Railroad, and the Central Ver¬ 
mont Railroad, or via St. Johnsbury and St. Albans over the Con¬ 
necticut and Passumpsic Rivers, the Portland and Ogdensburgh, 
and the Central Vermont Railroads, or via Newport and Richford, 
Vermont, over the Passumpsic, South Eastern and Central Ver¬ 
mont Railroads. The approach to the White Mountains by ex¬ 
press trains without change of cars is, by the Boston, Concord 
and Montreal White Mountains Railroad, via Littleton, Wing 
Station, Fabyans, to the base of Mount Washington, connecting 
with the Mountain Railway to the top of Mount Washington. 
The northen terminus of the B. C. and M. R. R. is Groveton Junc¬ 
tion, 220 miles from Boston, where connections are made with the 
Grand Trunk R. R., for Northumberland, Richmond, and Quebec. 

15 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FROM BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 
MONTREAL AND QUEBEC. 

BY WAY OF THE BOSTON AND MAINE RAILROAD. 

Leaving Boston from the depot of the Boston and Maine Rail- 
« road, on Haymarket Square in the northern part of the city, the 
traveler passes Charlestown Heights, Bunker Hill Monument, 
and for twelve miles a succession of fine thrifty suburban towns. 

At Lawrence, Mass., White Mountain passengers may di¬ 
verge to Manchester, there joining the through trains north, or 
passing by Haverhill and Exeter to Dover, there change cars for 
Alton Bay, twenty-eight miles distant, on Lake Winnipiseogee, 
where the steamer owned and run by the Boston and Maine Rail¬ 
road will transfer them over the beautiful lake to Centre Harbor, 
whence they take stages for WestOssipee on the Conway Branch 
of the Eastern Railroad, or to Wolfeborough on the eastern side 
of the lake. Or if they would approach the mountains at a point 
farther north, and by a longer ride by rail, they will be carried 
from Dover thither by the Boston and Maine Railroad to Port¬ 
land, and thence to North Conway, Fabyans, etc., by the Port¬ 
land and Ogdensburgh Railroad, or from Portland to Gorham and 
the Glen House, by the Grand Trunk Railroad. For routes from 
the White Mountains to Montreal and Quebec, see page 74. 

By its numerous branches to Medford, Danvers, and Newbury - 
port, Reading, Lowell, Lawrence, Georgetown, etc., it reaches a 
large and populous area, and competes successfully for patronage. 
The management and business energy of the Boston and Maine 
Railroad show themselves in the cleanliness and little comforts 
found in the cars, eating-houses, and depots, not less than in the 
appliances to secure the speed and safety of their trains. Through 
express trains leave Boston at hours convenient for passengers ar- 
i riving in Boston by the various routes from the West and South¬ 
west, sending palace cars through to Gorham, and making close 
connections at Portland with all trains for the White Mountains, 
and points north; with trains of the Maine Central for Bangor and 
points east; and with the steamboat lines from Portland to Mt. 
Desert, Rockland, St. John, Halifax, Prince Edward’s Island, and 
the other British Provinces. 


16 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FROM BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 
MONTREAL, QUEBEC, PORTLAND, AND 
THE NORTH-EAST RESORTS. 

BY THE EASTERN AND MAINE CENTRAL RAILWAYS. 

Leaving Boston from the depot of the Eastern and Maine 
Central Railroad on Causeway Street (the central depot of the 
three on this street), travelers pass by the shortest route possible 
to the popular watering places in Northern Massachusetts, in New 
Hampshire and Maine, and also to Bangor, St. John, and the 
Provinces. By its Conway Branch it delivers passengers at Wolfe- 
borough, on Lake Winnipiseogee, and at North Conway, and 
thence by the Portland & Ogdensburgh Railroad up the valley of 
the Saco, and through the famous White Mountain Notch to 
Crawford’s, and points beyond. It has numerous branches, viz., 
Saugus, Swampscott and Marblehead, Salem and Lawrence, South 
Reading, Gloucester, Essex and Amesbury, Portsmouth and 
Dover, etc. By this railroad and its branches are reached nearly 
thirty sea-shore resorts, most of which are on or near its main 
line. No route in New England offers more numerous or varied 
charms to the tourist and pleasure-seeker. It is confessedly one 
of the best equipped and managed roads of New England. Its 
cars are neat and clean, its tracks level and solid, its officers and 
employes polite and obliging, and the scenery along its course a 
continual feast to the eye. Through tickets will be obtained for 
all points north and north-east at the depot, or of ticket agents, 
generally, and connections at Portland with all out-going main 
lines for the North, West, and East studiously effected. 


INTERNATIONAL STEAMSHIP COMPANY. 

FROM BOSTON TO PORTLAND, EASTPORT, ST. JOHN. 

The splendid steamers of this line ply between Boston, Port¬ 
land, Eastport, and St. John, N. B., and afford to tourists a charm¬ 
ing sail as well as a change from the dust, heat and confinement 
of railway travel in summer. Connections are made to Calais, 
Me., Halifax, N. S., Charlottetown, Prince Edward’s Island; and 
the tourist who includes in his trip the St. Lawrence, Quebec and 

17 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Montreal, will find this way a restful and pleasing method of 
travel. Time from Boston to Portland, about eight hours ; from 
Portland to Eastport, fifteen ; from Eastport to St. John, four. 

The steamers of this line are the New York, City of Portland, 
and New Brunswick, one of which, in April, May, and June, leaves 
Boston at 8 A. M., Monday and Thursday, and in July, August, and 
September, at 8 A.M., Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. Those 
desiring it may leave Boston by the Boston and Maine, or the 
Eastern R. R., on morning or noon trains, and connect at Port¬ 
land with steamer. Through tickets are for sale at the depots of 
these railroads. Returning, a steamer will leave St. John at 
8 A. M., and Eastport at 1 P. M., for Portland and Boston on the 
same days in summer, as above. 

PORTLAND TO BANGOR, MT. DESERT, MA- 
CHIAS, ETC. 

The steamer Lewiston, of this line, leaves Railroad Wharf, 
Portland, for Machias Port every Tuesday and Friday evening at 
10 o’clock, or on arrival of express trains from Boston, for Mt. 
Desert and Machias Port and intermediate landings, and arrives 
at Mt. Desert at about noon. Returning, she leaves every Mon¬ 
day and Thursday at 4.30 A. M., and, as before, landing at Rock¬ 
land, Castine, Deer Isle, Sedgwick, Mt. Desert, Millbridge and 
Jonesport, arrives in Portland usually in time for the 2.40 A. M. 
train for Boston. 

The City of Richmond leaves Railroad Wharf, Portland, for 
Bangor every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday evening, at 10 
o’clock, or on the arrival of the 0 o’clock express trains from Bos¬ 
ton, touching at Rockland, Camden, Belfast, Searsport, Sandy 
Point, Bucksport, Winterport, and Hampden. Returning, she 
leaves Bangor every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday morning 
at 6 o’clock, touching the landings as above, and arriving in Port¬ 
land in time for the 6 o’clock P. M. express trains due in Bos¬ 
ton at 9.50 P. M. These steamers are strong and spacious, 
and afford reliable connections with the railways. The state¬ 
rooms are ample, and the sail, especially by day, whether along 
the islands and reefs of the coast, or through Penobscot Bay, is 
one of peculiar beauty. 


18 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FROM BOSTON NORTH via BOSTON, LOWELL, 
AND NASHUA RAILWAY, Ac. 

Leaving the Boston and Lowell Railroad Station, on Causeway 
street, Boston, and crossing the long bridges over the Charles 
River, we soon reach 

WEST MEDFORD, 

Middlesex Co ., Mass. 5 m. fr. Boston, 

A small village, and express trains do not stop at the station. 
At the village of Medford, a mile east of the station, is Tuft’s 
College, incorporated in 1852, and well known as the School of 
Universalism. The College is pleasantly situated on Walnut Hill, 
and is surrounded by ornamental grounds. West Medford is the 
site of Brook Farm, where, some years ago, Hawthorne and other 
congenial spirits formed a ‘ 4 community ” and lived for several 
years as a family, having all things in common. 

Eight miles from Boston, in the same county, is Winchester, 
where the branch railway to Woburn Centre diverges. Winches¬ 
ter contains manufactories of chemicals and piano-fortes, machine 
shops and tanning establishments, and extensive vegetable gar¬ 
dens. We pass, two miles farther on, East Woburn, the junction 
of the Stoneham Branch Railway to Stoneham, two miles distant, 
where there are extensive manufactories and tanneries; then 
Woburn and Wilmington, unimportant stations; Billerica, a 
station between the village of the same name, one and a half 
miles west, and Tewksbury, two miles east of the station. Bil¬ 
lerica contains about 2,000 inhabitants, engaged in farming and 
manufacture. They have woollen and cotton mills and chemical 
works. The Howe School is also here. At Tewksbury is the 
State Pauper Institution, costing about $100,000. 

Passing the thriving little village, North Billerica, 22 miles 
from Boston, we reach 

LOWELL, 

Middlesex Co., Mass. 26 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 42,000. 

Hotels — Washington, Merrimac , American. 

Among the large manufacturing towns of America, Lowell has 
hardly a rival in the extent of her works, the number of hands 
employed, and the amount of capital invested. The city is built 

19 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


chiefly on the right bank of the Merrimnc, near its junction with the 
Concord River. The manufacturing interest is, of course, the 
controlling power in the place, and the result is that Lowell is a 
model worthy of imitation in many of our larger cities. 

In 1821, there were twelve houses on the land now occupied by 
this busy population. A few years previous to that date, a canal 
known as the Pawtucket Canal had been dug around the falls of 
the same name, for purposes of navigation. Messrs. William 
Appleton and Patrick T. Jackson are the gentlemen to whem be¬ 
longs the credit of inaugurating this enterprise. The company 
was incorporated in 1822, under the title of the Locks and Canal 
Co., and work was at once begun to prepare the ground for 
building and the water-power for use. With characteristic fore¬ 
thought it was decided that an appropriation should be made for 
a church, which was done, and St. Ann’s Church still stands to 
commemorate the wisdom of its founders. Soon afterward an 
appropriation for a public library was made, and a library estab¬ 
lished, which has since grown to large dimensions. 

The first wheel of the Merrimac Co. was set in motion on Sept. 
1st, 1823. In 1846 the present grand canal was decided upon, and 
Mr. J. B. Francis appointed to superintend its construction. The 
outlet of Lake Winnipiseogee was purchased, with water rights, and 
every improvement in machinery has been introduced as rapidly 
as its advantages were recognized. The water-power, about 
10,000 horse-power, is leased to the manufacturers by the owners. 
The wheels in use at present are that pattern of turbines known 
as Boyden’s Improvement. 

The visitor should not fail to see the huge mills of the Merri¬ 
mac Manuf. Co.; the Lowell Manufacturing Co., where thirty 
to forty thousand yards of carpet are made a week; the Lowell 
Bleachery, where 15,000,000 yards of cotton goods are annually 4 
bleached. The establishment has some interesting chemical 
works, for they make their own “drugs.” Among these is the 
only vitriol furnace in the country. An interesting fact was told 
the writer by Mr. F. P. Appleton, agent of the Bleachery, while in¬ 
specting the steam-engine which drives the machinery. The arrival 
of the Monitor in Hampton Roads, on March 9, 1862, was Provi¬ 
dential in more than one particular. While this engine was being 

20 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


built, in 1861, by the Corliss Steam Engine Co. of Providence, R. 
I., the New York contractors for the building of the original 
Monitor found that there was no lathe in the country, excepting 
that of the Corliss Company, large enough to turn the “ turret 
ring ” upon. They accordingly shipped the ring to Providence. 
It reached its destination on November 18, 1861. Two days after 
it was bolted to the great fly-wheel of the Bleachery engine, then 
in the works, and on the 3d day of December following it was 
returned to New York completed. Thus we find another link in 
the chain of events which saved our fleet on that memorable day 
in Hampton Roads. 

The capital stock of Lowell manufacturing companies in 1871 
was $14,000,000 ; the mills, 69 ; operatives, about 15,000, male 
and female, who received upwards of $80,000 a week. The city 
has railroad connections, not only with Boston, but with Law¬ 
rence and the East, by the Lowell and Lawrence Railroad ; with 
Nashua and Manchester, by the Lowell and Nashua Railroad; 
with Worcester and Fitchburg, by the Stony Brook Railroad; and 
with Framingham and the valley of the Blackstone, by the Lowell 
and Framingham Railroad. A hospital at Lowell is sustained by 
the several manufacturing corporations for employes. Lowell has 
numerous churches, schools, public libraries, and fine dwellings. 

Passing Middlesex, a suburb of Lowell, we arrive at North 
Chelmsford, Middlesex Co., Mass., at the mouth of Stony Brook, 
the source of water-power to a great number of manufactories in 
this and adjacent towns. Here the Stony Brook Branch Railway 
diverges to Groton Junction, Mass., seventeen miles distant, where 
it connects with the Cheshire, Vermont and Massachusetts, Fitch¬ 
burg and Worcester and Nassau Railways. 

The next stations, Tyngsboro’ and Dunstable, thirty-two miles 
from Boston, is for the accommodation of two places of the same 
names—the former near the station on the right bank of the Merri- 
mac, the latter six miles wes', and both being farming districts. 

NASHUA, 

Hillsborough Co., N. H., 40 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 12,000. 
Hotels —Indian Head and Tremont. 

This is a city pleasantly located on both sides of the Nashua 
River, and upon a diversified surface, rising in some places 100 

21 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


feet or more above the water. It is well ornamented with shade 
trees, is supplied with aqueduct water and gas. The Nashua 
River, which here has a fall of fifty or sixty feet, furnishes ample 
water-power for its numerous factories, mills, foundries, and 
machine-shops. The Nashua Manufacturing Co., the Jackson 
Co., and other cotton mills, employ many operatives. 

There are three railway depots in and near Nashua. The 
through-line depot is at the eastern extremity of the town, which 
is nearly invisible from it. A mile west of this is the principal or 
Boston depot, on the north side of the river on the main street, 
and at the junction of the Wilton Branch. One-half mile south 
of this depot is the depot of the Worcester and Nashua Railway. 

The city enjoys railroad connections, not only with the main 
line north and south, but with the Nashua, Acton and Boston 
Railroad; the Nashua and Worcester Railroad, running in con¬ 
nection with the Nashua and Rochester Railroad, which connects 
at Rochester with Portland and Rochester Railroad for Portland, 
and with the Wilton Branch Railroad to Greenfield. 


THE WILTON BRANCH RAILWAY. 

This road diverges from the through line at Nashua, and runs 
twenty-six miles in a northwesterly direction into the romantic 
bill country north of Wilton to Greenfield, N. H., sixty-six miles 
from Boston. Among and upon these hills, and in the immediate 
vicinity of the railway, are many large and commodious public 
houses, that are well filled in summer by visitors and families 
from Boston and elsewhere. Being but two or three hours’ ride 
from the city, and accessible by numerous and convenient trains, 
they afford very desirable retreats from the discomforts of sum¬ 
mer in town, and are liberally patronized. The Whiting House, 
the Mount Yernon House, the Milford Springs Hotel, the Amherst 
Hotel, and Dunklee’s Greenfield Hotel, are among the best, accom¬ 
modating from 100 to 300 guests each. A large number of visitors 
and boarders are also cared for in private houses. Lines of stages 
connect with Peterborough, New Ipswich, Francestown, and various 
points of interest in the southwestern counties of the State. Pass¬ 
ing South Merrimac, Hillsborough Co., N. H., a small village forty- 

22 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


five miles from Boston, in a hilly country, and on the Souhegan 
River, we come to Amherst, forty-eight miles from Boston. This 
is a town of about 2,000 population. Horace Greeley was bom 
here, in a small and plain house, which is still standing. The Sou¬ 
hegan River furnishes good sites for water-power. Iron ore is found 
in the hills bordering the stream. Mineral springs abound in the 
vicinity, one of which is acquiring some popularity from its medi¬ 
cinal properties. It is known as the Amherst Spring. A new 
hotel has lately been erected near the springs, and stages run 
regularly to it during the summer months. Distance, three miles. 

MILFORD, 

Hillsborough Co ., N. H, 51 m. fr. Boston. Stages run daily to 
Mount Vernon ; tri-weekly to Francestown. 

Broad and level meadows surround this station, on which is 
the pleasant village of Milford. The town contains about 2,500 
inhabitants, many of whom are engaged in the extensive tan¬ 
neries and cotton-mills of the vicinity. This town is the birth¬ 
place of the famous Hutchinson family, whose homestead was 
long an object of interest to visitors, but has now passed into 
other hands. 

WILTON, 

Hillsborough Co., N. H., 55 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 2,000. 

Hotel — Whiting Home. 

Wilton is delightfully situated in the Souhegan valley, which is 
here narrow and bounded by hills. There are four woollen-mills 
in the vicinity; also tanneries, starch factories, glass-works, fur¬ 
niture factories, and saw-mills. The American Silex Company— 
a well-known firm—is in this town. A most productive dairy 
region surrounds Wilton; 2,000 gallons of milk are daily taken to 
Boston. Granite is quarried not far from the village. Wilton is 
a popular resort for summer visitors; its nearness to Boston ren¬ 
dering it easy of access for business men, who can be with their 
families at night and in their city offices during business hours. 
Pleasant rides and walks abound in the vicinity. Barnes’ Falls 
is two miles distant, and Mount Monadnock is twenty-five miles 
west; besides which are many other resorts within easy driving 
distances. Four miles further we find Lyndeborough, Hillsbo¬ 
rough Co., N. H., the location of extensive glass-works. 

23 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


GREENFIELD, 

Hillsborough Co., N. H ., 66 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 1,000. 

Hotel — Dunklee's Oreenjield Hotel. 

This is the terminus of the Wilton Branch Railroad, and is 
connected by daily lines of stages, which are under the efficient 
management of the Boston and Lowell Railroad Company, with 
Peterborough, Francestown, and the whole interior of the south¬ 
western portion of the State, thus making Greenfield an excellent 
rendezvous for those who desire to make short excursions through 
a very beautiful portion of the country. 


CONCORD RAILROAD. 

The route by this road follows the valley of the Merrimack 
River, a distance of 35 miles, from Nashua to Concord, pursuing 
its right bank as far as Goff’s Falls, where it crosses to the east 
side, thence to Hookset, where it recrosses to the right bank, and 
thence to Concord. A branch leaving the main line at Hookset 
passes up the east side of the river through Pembroke, joining the 
line again a short distance before it reaches Concord. Although 
its length is not great as compared with many other roads, still it 
is one of the most important railways of New Hampshire. It 
forms a part of the great Trunk line between Boston and North¬ 
ern New Hampshire and Vermont, as well as Canada and the 
West by way of the Lakes. 

Connections .—At Manchester with the Manchester and Law¬ 
rence, the Concord and Portsmouth, and the Manchester and 
North Weare Railroads. Concord is the point of divergence of 
the Boston, Concord, and Montreal, the Concord and Claremont, 
N. H. Railroads, and the Northern Railroad to White River Junc¬ 
tion, and thence to Montreal. Going north from Nashua, we 
pass Thornton’s Ferry and Merrimack, unimportant towns, 
Reed’s Ferry, 48 miles from Boston, the location of the Granite 
State Military Institute, a school for boys, also Litchfield, a small 
town on the opposite side of the river ; then Goff’s Falls, 53 miles 
from Boston, so called from a former resident. On the outlet of 
Wassabesic Pond, a half mile south of the station, is a village in 
which is a manufactory of woollen yarn. The railroad here 

24 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


crosses the Merrimack River, on an excellent double track bridge 
about 700 feet long. 

MANCHESTER, 

Hillsborough Co., N. H., 55 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 30,000. 
Hotels — Ilazeltine House , National , and Manchester House. 

The city of Manchester, incorporated in 184G, is one of the 
most important manufacturing cities of New England. Its situa¬ 
tion is on the east side of the Merrimack River, and it grew 
rapidly within a few years from an inconsiderable village to its 
present size. It incluJes within its limits the villages of Piscata- 
quog and Amoskeag. It is regularly and handsomely laid out, 
with neat and shaded trees, and presents an air of thrift and 
prosperity. The manufacturing companies have erected, for the 
accommodation of those in their employ, commodious and sub¬ 
stantial brick blocks of tenement houses, seldom surpassed for 
comfort. The Merrimack River here makes quite a rapid descent 
over a rocky bottom, affording a water-power of great volume, 
and easily turned to advantage. Here are located the mills of 
several well-known manufacturing companies. Among them are 
the “Amoskeag,” “ Manchester Print Works,” “ Langdon Mills,” 
and “Stark Mills.” There are also extensive works for the manu¬ 
facture of locomotives, steam fire-engines, power-looms, and a 
great variety of other mechanical industries. 

At Manchester, railway connection is made with the Manchester 
and Lawrence, the Concord and Portsmouth, and the Manchester 
and North Weare Railroads. Passing Martin’s Ferry we reach 

HOOKSET, 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 64 m. fr. Boston. 

The railroad here recrosses the river on a double-track bridge 
about 550 feet long. On the opposite side of the river from the 
station are the mills of the “ Ilookset Manufacturing Company,” 
for cotton goods, and near by are several extensive brick yards. 
“ Pinnacle Mountain ” rises on the west to the height of several 
hundred feet, commanding an extended view of the surrounding 
country. A branch from the main line at this place crosses the 
river at the falls, and, passing through Suncook village on the 
east side of the river, joins the main line again about one mile 
below Concord. 

2 


25 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


SUNCOOK. 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 66 m. fr. Boston. 

This station is on the branch just mentioned, and also on the 
Suncook Valley R. R.* whose present northern terminus is Pitts¬ 
field, N. H. The village is in a narrow valley of the Suncook 
River. The falls of the river, which here joins the Merrimack, 
afford excellent water-power for manufactories and mills. The 
large mills of the “ Pembroke” and “ Webster” companies, for 
the manufacture of cotton goods, are fine structures of brick, and 
extensive works of its manufacturing companies, and its general 
enterprise, make this an important place. 

CONCORD, 

Merrimack Co., N. H. t 73 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 13,000. 

Hotels — Eagle and Phenix. 

This is the capital of the State of New Hampshire. It was 
originally known by the name of “ Peinacock,” from that of a 
tribe of Indians, whose favorite grounds were in this place. It 
was incorporated as a city in 1853, and includes within its limits 
also the villages of East Concord, West Concord, and a large part 
of Fisherville, situate partly in Concord and partly in Boscawen. 
The city proper is very pleasantly located on the level and gradu¬ 
ally rising land on the west side of Merrimack River, overlooking 
its extensive intervales. Two streets, Main and State, parallel 
with the general course of the river, extend the entire length of 
the city, nearly two miles. Most of the streets are regular and 
bordered with overshading trees, which constitute a great and 
very attractive beauty of the place. Its central position, and its 
railroad communications with the different sections of the State, 
make Concord the place of an extensive and important trade. 
Its most important manufactures are carriages. The establish¬ 
ment of Abbot, Downing & Co. has long been well known through¬ 
out the country. The quarrying and cutting of the excellent 
“ Concord granite” is extensively carried on. 

Tn the centre of the city, in an entire square, is the Capitol, a 
structure of Concord granite, beautiful and commodious. It was 
built in 1819 and enlarged and improved in 1867. The City Hall 
and Court House, on Main street, a quarter of a mile north of the 
Capitol, is a two story building of brick, and contains the city 

26 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


and county offices. The State Prison, a short distance further 
north, on State street, is of granite, and though a comparatively 
old structure, it is well arranged and designed for the health, as 
well as safe-keeping, of its inmates. It is the only prison in the 
State. The Asylum for the Insane is on the westerly side of the 
city, and, with its extensive buildings and surrounding grounds 
and large farm of 125 acres, is an attractive as well as a very use¬ 
ful and successful institution. The St. Paul School for boys is a 
flourishing institution at Millville, about two miles from Concord 
on the Turkey River. The school is under the influence of the 
Episcopal denomination, and liberally patronized. 


BOSTON, CONCORD, MONTREAL AND WHITE MOUNTAINS 

RAILROAD. 

Concord to Northumberland, 145 mile*. Concord to top Mount 
Washington, 144 miles. 

This Railroad is the main route via Lowell to the White Moun¬ 
tains. Passengers choosing this route will pass without change 
from Concord north along Lake Winnipiseogee and through 
romantic mountain scenery. The first station is East Concord, a 
small station 75 miles from Boston. North Concord, 78 miles 
from Boston, is a small country manufacturing village in the 
midst of rich and fertile meadows. Canterbury, 83 miles from 
Boston, is also an unimportant station. The Shaker village, some 
4 miles distant, is a prosperous community. They have con¬ 
structed an artificial pond with sufficient water power for a saw¬ 
mill and a grist-mill. Northfield is a wood and water station in a 
farming town. 

TILTON, 

BiUcnap Co. N. H.. 91 m. fr. Boston. Hotel. — Bexter House. 

The Winnipiseogee River, the outlet of the lake of the same 
name into the Merrimack, is crossed just before reaching this 
station, which was formally called Sanbornton Bridge. The town 
is a delightful rural one, with a varied surface and scenery, 
bordering on the east upon the shore of Great Bay. Here are 
two woolen mills, three churches, and a number of handsome 
residences. The “ New Hampshire Conference Seminary and 
Female College ” stands upon the rising ground west of the rail- 

27 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


road. A stage leaves Sanbornton daily for New HamptoD, Gil- 
manfcon, and Franklin. 

East Tilton, four miles north of Tilton, is a small village upon 
Great Bay, an arm of Lake Winnipiseogee. 

LACONIA, 

Belknap Co ., N. AT., 100 m.fr. Boston . Pop. 3,500. 

Hotels —Laconia House and Willard's. 

Situated in a picturesque region on Great I^ay, is the flourishing 
village of Laconia, containing several churches, numerous stores, 
and successful manufactories. Among the last named are the 
Laconia Mills, for the manufacture of flannels, the Gilford hosiery 
establishment, the Randlet car manufactory, and others. We 
would advise the tourist, before reaching this village, if possible, 
to seat himself upon the west side of the car, that he may not lose 
the charming view across the lake. The verdure-clad mountains 
in the distance, and the varied landscape mirrored in the clear 
waters, is one of rare beauty. The Bay View House, a private 
summer resort, overlooks the Bay a half mile south of the station. 

LAKE VILLAGE, 

Belknap Co. % N. H. 102 m.fr. Boston. 

Hotel — Mt. Belknap House. 

On the southern shore of a small arm of Lake Winnipiseogee 
is a thrving village, within easy access of the wondrous beauty 
that invests this lake region. It contains a manufactory of hosiery, 
large machine shops and repair shops, three churches, and savings 
bank. It has also extensive lumber-yards and trade in lumber. 

The little steamer James Bell is kept for excursions. 

WIERS, 

Belknap Co., N. H., 106 m.fr. Boston. 

At Wiers, the traveler is left to choose between leaving the 
cars and embarking here upon the steamboat “Lady of the Lake,” 
Captain S. B. Cole, for Centre Harbor, and the delightful scenery 
adjacent to Lake Winnipiseogee, or proceeding by rail to the 
mountains, via Plymouth and Littleton. Wiers is unimportant 
save as the point of departure of this little steamer, which has re¬ 
cently been rebuilt and refitted in the best style, and which con¬ 
nects with trains running north and south. It is also the Lake 
Winnipiseogee camp-meeting ground. 

28 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


Near Wiers is the old “ Endicott Rock,” which was discovered 
but a few years since, and is supposed to be a monument or boun¬ 
dary made by two surveyors sent out by Gov. Endicott, of Mas¬ 
sachusetts, in early colonial times. 44 Its quaint and curious carv¬ 
ing ” will attract attention. 


LAKE WINNIPISEOGEE. 

This enchanting mountain lake is perhaps the most pleasing 
scene in all our journey to the White Mountains. The stem gran¬ 
deur and magnificence of the mountains themselves, with the 
extended prospect which they afford, may inspire awe and won¬ 
der ; but no sight in all our travels awakens such rapturous de¬ 
light as the translucent waters, exquisite islands, and beautiful 
environs of Lake Winnipiseogee. Its situation is in the counties 
Of Carroll and Belknap, between which it forms the boundary. 
It is very irregular in form, extending in a northwest and south¬ 
east direction a distance of about twenty-five miles, and in width 
from one to seven miles. Its shor°s are indented in every direc¬ 
tion by charming bays, and its islands are said to equal in number 
the days of the year. Two hundred and seventy-six of them 
have been surveyed. Its waters are remarkably clear, disclosing 
its finny inhabitants to a great depth. They abound with the 
finest fish. On all sides mountains rise, yet not abruptly, from 
the shore, which, as seen at a distance, appears smooth and level. 
In its neighborhood are the towns of Moultonborough, Wolfebo- 
rough, Tuftonborough, Centre Harbor, Meredith, Gilford, and Al¬ 
ton. The sail from Wiers to Centre Harbor is thus commented 
upon by Edward Everett: 44 1 have been something of a traveller 
in our own country—though far less than I could wish—and in 
Europe have seen all that is most attractive from the Highlands 
of Scotland to the Golden Horn of Constantinople, from the sum¬ 
mit of the Hartz Mountains to the Fountain of Yaucluse ; but 
my eye has yet to rest on a lovelier scene than that which smiles 
around you as you sail from Weirs’ landing to Centre Harbor.” 

If we take the afternoon train from Concord we reach Wiers at 
five P.M., when we at once enter the steamer, and are in the care 
of Capt. Cole. As we move out into the lake, the Belknap 

29 




lake win nipiseogff 


CENTRE HARBOR, N. H. 

This well known house is now open for the season. The climate is unrivalled, 
and has long been noted for its healthful and invigorating qualities, and the 
entire absence of mosquitoes and black flies makes the section especially a 
desirable one. Excellent facilities for drives, boating and fishing. Rooms large 
or small, and rooms en suite, may be secured by early application. Post and 
telegraph offices adjacent. Terms §3.00 per day. 

JAMES L. HUNTRESS, Proprietor. 


MOULTON HOUSE, 

CENTRE HARBOR, N. H. 



Pleasantly situated at the head of Lake Winnipesockee 110 miles from Boston. 
Two trains daily, by Boston and Maine R.R., via Alton Bay and Steamer Mt. 
Washington; also two trains daily by Boston, Lowell, Concord, and Montreal R.R., 
via Weirs, and Steamer Lady of the Lake. 

S. M. EMERY. Procrieto* 

























































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


mountain rises on the right, with its two regular peaks 2,500 feet 
high. Opposite it, to the north, “Ossipee rears its bare head.” 
Further on, if we turn northward, Red Hill appears in sight, and 
directly in front. On approaching Centre Harbor, on the right 
the pointed peak Mt. Chocorua, 3,600 feet high, is seen far dis¬ 
tant, and even the snowy front of Mt. Washington, in a clear 
day. After a sail of only ten miles, even before we desire, we 
reach Centre Harbor, where we may spend the night if we choose. 
Centre Harbor is at the north-western extremity of the central 
one of three large bays into which this lake is divided, at its west 
end. It is a small village, yet one of the most favorite summer 
resorts among all the mountain region. It contains twenty-five 
or thirty houses, several stores, and a church. Here is the well- 
known k ‘ Senter House,” so called from its earliest proprietor, 
now owned and conducted by J. L. Huntress. It commands a 
fine view of the lake, and has a beautiful lawn with shade trees 
in its front. This vicinity is free from mosquitoes and black flies. 
The rooms of the hotel are large and airy, and post and telegraph 
offices are near at hand. 

The Moulton House is pleasantly situated a short distance from 
the steamboat landing, about sixty feet above the lake, and com¬ 
mands a fine view of the surrounding mountains. It has lately 
been thoroughly renovated, and with its good cuisine and large 
airy rooms will be found a very agreeable stopping-place for sum¬ 
mer tourists. 

Red Hill is the chief object of interest in the vicinity of Centre 
Harbor, about four miles distant, affording the finest view of the 
Winnipiseogee and Squam lake3. Its height is 2,500 feet; yet 
its ascent is easily effected, for a large portion of the distance in 
carriages, and the rest of the way on horseback. Its summit is 
destitute of trees, thus affording an uninterrupted prospect in all 
directions. To the far north, the peaks of the White Mountains 
are discernible, the Ossipee mountains in the east, and a little to 
the north “ Chocorua,” 3,600 feet high, so named from an Indian 
chieftain, who is said to have thrown himself from its summit to 
escape his pursuers. Kearsarge and Monadnock are distinctly 
seen at the south-west, and Belknap at the south-east. The dis¬ 
tances between these embrace the calm expanse of the larger 

30 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


lakes, those gems of New England, with here and there a town or 
village, and a smaller lake, glittering in the sunlight like a dia¬ 
mond in an emerald setting. Grace and loveliness make up the 
entire picture, and you feel fully repaid for all the time you 
have spent in being permitted to gaze upon it. 

The steamer “Lady of the Lake ” continues its course from 
Centre Harbor to Wolfborough, twenty miles, and it will amply 
repay the traveler to take this sail. For the first few miles the 
course is the same as that over which he has just passed. But soon 
he enters the broader part of the lake, near some of its larger 
islands. The finest view of the distant mountains is at sunset, 
upon a clear evening. It was at such a time that we gazed upon 
this scene of picturesque delights, so enchanting that, in compari¬ 
son with it, we thought only of the “sea of glass,” the “ Land of 
Beulah,” and the “delectable mountains.” 

The steamer “ Mt. Washington,” running in connection with 
the trains of the Boston and Maine Railway in summer, also makes 
regular trips between Alton, Wolfborough, and Centre Harbor. 

Coaches leave Centre Harbor daily for West Ossipee, connecting 
with the trains of the Eastern Railroad for Conway and North Con¬ 
way, soon after the arrival of the morning boats from Weirs and 
Alton Bay. The distance to West Ossipee is seventeen miles, the 
route passing through the towns of Moultonborough, Sandwich, 
and Tamworth, surrounded by picturesque scenery, ever new 
and increasingly attractive. A remarkable rock on the roadside, 
closely resembling a crouching lion, arrests the traveller’s attention. 

The tourist who wishes to reach the mountains from the lake 
by railway, will return to Wiers, and proceeding north will pass 
Meredith Village, 110 miles from Boston. This is also on Lake 
Winnipiseogee, and in a romantic region. Here are several mills, 
stores, churches, and fine residences. As we go north we pass 
for some distance through a wild country, by Winnebago Pond, 
or as it is better known, Measley Pond ; and a little further on, 
Long Pond—both tributaries of Lake Winnipiseogee. 

ASHLAND, 

Grafton Co ., N. //., lib m. fr. Boston. 

Hotel —Squarn Lake House. 

This is a manufacturing village on the Pemigewasset River. 

81 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Squarn Lake is but three miles distant, in the western part of 
the town, and affords the finest fishing of all the mountain lakes. 

Crossing the Pemigewasset River, and passing Bridgewater, we 
come to 

PLYMOUTH, 

Plymouth , Grafton Co ., N. //., 124 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 

1,500. Hotel —Pemigewasset House. 

Here trains going north stop a half hour, and down trains forty 
minutes, for dinner. Plymouth is situated near the confluence of 
Baker’s River with the Pemigewasset, just at the opening of the 
Franconia and White Mountain ranges, and is one of the most 
picturesque and delightful regions in New Hampshire. It is one 
of the county seats of Grafton County. It contains two churches, 
a court-house, and an academy, and has manufactures of gloves, 
several steam saw-mills, and a number of fine residences. Liver¬ 
more Falls, two miles north of the village, are unsurpassed in 
wild and romantic scenery, and are “ probably the result of vol¬ 
canic action.” Mount Prospect, four miles from the hotel, with 
a carriage-road to the summit, commands a view thirty miles in 
extent, including Lake Winnipiseogee with its numerous islands, 
and rivaling in many respects that obtained from Mount Lafay¬ 
ette or Mount Washington. In the north the rugged mountain 
peaks raise high their towering fronts, while in all directions val¬ 
ley and lake, thriving villages and fertile meadows, give to the 
landscape such a profuse variety that the eye can never tire. 

The Pemigewasset House, C. M. Morse manager, situated on 
the side of the railroad track, in this beautiful village, is an ele¬ 
gant and spacious hotel, and one of the finest in the State. It 
has 230 feet front, a wing of 80 feet, and is four stories high. 
All its appointments are complete. It has accommodations for 350 
guests. Its livery stable is the largest in New England; good 
teams are in readiness at all times. In short, no pains have been 
spared to make the Pemigewasset the home of the tourist, while 
its combination of climate, situation and scenery, presents at¬ 
tractions unsurpassed by any other summer resort in the country. 

32 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


STAGE ROUTE TO THE MOUNTAINS via 
PLYMOUTH. 

Stages leave the Pemigewasset House daily, via the Pemige- 
wasset Valley and Franconia Notch, for the various points of in¬ 
terest in the mountain region. This is a most desirable route, and 
is thus described by “ Eastman’s White Mountain Guide,” which 
was a valuable aid to us in our trip to the mountains: 

“Should the tourist prefer the stage-coach to the rail from 
Plymouth, he will enjoy a most delightful ride of twenty-nine 
miles, to the Profile House, tracing the course of the Pemigewasset 
River. The river meanders in its winding course, now with pla¬ 
cid and quiet current through green meadows, and now in rapid 
and headlong torrent over its pebbly bed, while little cascades are 
bursting from the hills, falling in sheeted foam over the opposing 
rocks, to make their way to the welcoming stream below. As the 
route leaves the village, the mountains begin to appear in the dis¬ 
tance. As the distance lessens, the white porticos of the Flume 
House are seen, welcoming our approach. The hotel seems like 
a “nest among the mountains,” as it is relieved by the dark mass 
amid which it rests. Campton is said to contain more points for 
fine prospects than any town in the neighborhood. A quiet little 
inn upon the road-side looks the abode of comfort. Woodstock 
and Lincoln are small towns of no particular note. The road is 
now in the midst of the mountain region. The dark hills loom 
up on every side as the day departs. The Pemigewasset, now re¬ 
duced to a little brook, murmurs at our feet. We have seen the 
summits of the hills brighten in the rich glory of sunset. The 
clouds are tinged with golden light, changing to soft purple and 
the gray of evening. The stars coiiie out, the moon sends her 
gentle rays down into the valley. In the late twilight, after a 
half-day’s exquisite enjoyment, we enter the delightful and quiet 
scenery of the Notch Road, passing the Flume House, and soon 
alight beneath the grateful shelter of the Profile House.” 

Pursuing our way by rail from Plymouth we come to Rumney, 
132 miles from Boston, in the valley of the Baker River, and in 
the shadow of Bald and of Rattlesnake Mountains. Rattlesnake 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Mountain, the farther north, is a very rough, precipitous eleva¬ 
tion, a thousand feet in height, with the river winding through 
the meadows at its base. The village is three-quarters of a mile 
east of the station, and contains a tool factory, a steam mill, two^ 
churches, and about 1,200 inhabitants. West Itumney, the next 
station, is an unimportant one to the tourist, as is also Went¬ 
worth, five miles beyond. 

WARREN, 

Grafton Go ., N. H. 144 m. from Boston. 

Hotel— “ Moose Hillock House." 

Is a small town, containing a peg-mill, two saw-mills, a flour¬ 
mill, a church and several stores. “ Moose Hillock ” Mountain, 
which from its height (4,600 ft.) and isolated position, has many 
advantages over all other mountains in New England, is reached 
by stages daily* a distance of nine miles, to the “Prospect” 
House, upon its summit. From it an uninterrupted view is pre¬ 
sented for many miles. To the north lies the Valley of the Con¬ 
necticut and the table-lands of Canada ; to the north-east all the 
chains of the White and Franconia mountains ; towards the east 
and south the whole State of New Hampshire, with the ocean in 
the far-distant horizon dimly reflected in the sunlight. On the 
west the whole of Vermont, with its continuous chain of the 
Green Mountains, while in all directions, mountain and valley, 
lake and forest, villages and winding streams are spread before 
the vision. The trip to this mountain-summit will amply repay 
for a little fatigue to the lover of the beautiful. Eight miles 
farther on we find East Haverhill, 152 miles from Boston—a 
small station. Directly west of Moose Hillock, and on our right, 
we pass under the very shadow of Owl’s Head, a rocky cliff rising 
precipitously several hundred feet, singularly exhibiting the rock 
strata running perpendicularly, scantily clothed with a few stunted 
trees, and, with a slight stretch of the imagination, resembling 
somewhat uncouthly an owl’s head. 

HAVERHILL, 

Grafton Co ., N. H. 157 in. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,500. 

Hotel — "Smith's Hotel." 

We now enter the beautiful Connecticut Valley, and one of the 

34 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


most attractive towns in this section. From the car windows on 
the left we overlook broad and fertile meadows, the village of 
Haverhill on a hill nestled among the foliage of its shade-trees, 
while beyond the river, towards the west, are seen the towns of 
Bradford, and of Newbury, Yt.—the latter with Mt. Pulaski ris¬ 
ing in its rear. Haverhill is one of the county seats of Grafton - 
County, upon an elevated site, surrounded by picturesque scen¬ 
ery. It contains three churches, a court-house, and Webster’s 
paper-mill. In its vicinity are extensive marble quarries and 
marble works. Newbury, directly opposite, is much frequented 
for its celebrated sulphur springs, and the grand and beautiful 
scenery it commands, which resembles that from Mount Holyoke 
in Massachusetts in extent and variety. 

Directly east of the Great Ox Bow, in the Connecticut River, 
where the stream makes a sharp turn to the east, and then by 
another equally abrupt to the west, pursues its course southward, 
is North Haverhill, 164 miles from Boston. 

WOODSVILLE. 

Grafton Co., N. II. 168 in. fr. Boston. 

Hotels— Mt. Gardner House, Parker House. 

This small village at the junction of the Ammonoosuck with 
the Connecticut River, is where trains of the Boston, Concord, 
Montreal and White Mountain Railroad cross the Connecticut to 
Wells’ River, Vt. In summer the express trains do not cross nor 
stop at Woodsville, but, by a “ cut-off,” pass to the east of Woods- 
ville on to the White Mountains. 

Mount Gardiner stands just north, and from its top, easily ac¬ 
cessible by saddle-horse or on foot, grand views of the valleys of the 
Ammonoosuck, the Connecticut, and Wells’ Rivers, and the sur¬ 
rounding mountains, are obtained. The Mt. Gardiner House is 
new and well kept. For Wells’ River, see pages 74 and 101. 

BATH, 

Grafton Co., N. II, 173 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 1,200. 

Bath lies upon the east bank of the Connecticut, and is also 
watered by the Ammonoosuck, which affords many fine mill-seats, 
and an extensive water-power. It rises in the Franconia group 
of the W T hite Mountains, near Mount Washington, and is said to 
be “the wildest and most impetuous river in New Hampshire,” 

35 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


being called the “ Wild Ammonoosuck. ” It abounds in rapids and 
cascades, and is a stream of surpassing beauty. It is crossed by 
the White Mountain Railroad several times. 

Passing Lisbon, a small manufacturing and lumbering town, 
178 miles, and North Lisbon, 183 miles from Boston, we come to 

LITTLETON, 

Grafton Co., AT. II., 187 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,500. 

Hotel— Thayer''s Hotel. 

Here we may do three things : keep on by rail to the Fabyan 
House among the White Mountains; take the stage for the Pro¬ 
file House in the Franconia Mountains; or, what is far better, 
stay here over night and start fresh the next day. The railroad 
and stage connections at Littleton make it a convenient point 
from which to enter all parts of the mountain country. The stage 
ride, opening as it does our first views of the mountains, is ex¬ 
citing, and to the stranger something wonderful. To take it now, 
when weary with our long ride, will only unfit one for its enjoy¬ 
ment. The usual breathless haste with which people ‘ ‘ do the 
mountains ” is anything but wise. To see and appreciate all the 
glories of this region, one must be fresh and free from care, worry 
about time, and the fretfulness of unseemly haste. So the correct 
thing to do is to stop here at least a few hours, or a night, get 
rested and refreshed, and then start fair. Besides this, Littleton 
offers good hotels, most magnificent views of all the mountains, 
and we may have, as it were, a preliminary view, and gain a good 
idea of the country we are to traverse. At the station are free 
carriages in waiting for Thayer’s Hotel, on the main street, and a 
short ride will bring one to its hospitable doors. Oak Hill House, 
on the top of the hill, is open in the summer, and many families 
make it their home for weeks during the season. 

Littleton is an active manufacturing town, and the village, 
spread along the right bank of the Ammonoosuck, is a very p'eas- 
ant place. There is a handsome church and school-house, and a 
large number of excellent stores. There are a number of very 
fine walks in different directions, and everywhere are magnificent 
views of the mountains. From Thayer’s Hotel a pleasant walk 
may be taken by following the road to the left down the valley. 
Soon after passing the church the road leads over a hill, giving a 

36 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


noble view of the high hills that close in the town and river. By 
going on a short distance down the valley, and looking back, some 
fine views of Mount Lafayette and the Franconia Mountains may 
be obtained. All this road is full of attraction, and one may walk 
on for a mile or more with profit and pleasure. 

Perhaps the sun is setting behind the wood-fringed hills as we 
come out of the hotel. This is the best hour to get our first view 
of the mountains, and a few steps will place them all before us. 
Turn to the right for a few rods, and then take the little lane 
that leads up the hill to the school-house and the Oak Hill House. 
The school-house will be easily recognized, as it is a large square 
building, with Mansard roof and a clock-tower. Arrived at the 
school-house, turn your back to the sun, and look off towards the 
east. These are the mountains—the great White Hills. Eighty 
miles of serrated peaks stand in sharp outline against the purple 
sky. To the right the Franconia group, with Lafayette towering 
above them; to the left the White Mountains, with Washington 
crowning all the splendid view. To the stranger, the first outlook 
upon the mountains comes with a sense of surprise, and it takes 
a few moments of silent wonder and admiration to take in the 
sight, and to correctly understand the extent and grandeur of the 
prospect. It is difficult to comprehend that Lafayette, that seems 
so near, is twelve miles away, and Mount Washington more than 
twenty. On the level plateau, that appears to spread from the 
mountains towards us, may be seen the village of Bethlehem, and 
from its houses one catches an idea of the relative extent and 
height of the table-lands and peaks before us. But the houses 
about us intrude their commonplace forms, and obscure the 
view, and we, had best walk on to the Oak Hill House, or beyond 
it to the bit of woods on the knoll behind it. Here the view will 
be unobstructed, and from the piazza of the hotel, or the more 
agreeable fields, we may sit and see all of the wonderful scene. 
The sun has sunk behind the wooded hills, and its yellow light 
streams upward among the ragged pines. The mountains still 
glow in its light. To the south, perhaps, they are growing pur¬ 
ple as they lose the light of day. Slowly they all put on this 
purple shade. The sunlight lingers rosy round their tops. They 
seem to blush a deeper red as the daylight fades. The clouds 

37 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


glow, and the mountains. The rosy bloom changes to cherry, 
and climbs upward. The deep, dark woods seem bathed in rich¬ 
est purples and browns, while the peaks are tipped with fire. 

If one has more time, a short drive or walk up Pleasant Street, 
that leads to the left from the Main Street near the bridge, will 
take him over Mann’s Hill, and give even more extended views of 
both groups of mountains, besides fine views to the north and 
west over the Green Mountains. By crossing the wooden bridge 
some picturesque views will be obtained of the river and the town ; 
and by keeping on past the station along the Bethlehem Itoad, 
beautiful views of the White Mountains. 

Photographs make the best mementoes of a journey, and a 
well-selected collection of stereoscopic views makes a kind of pic¬ 
torial journal of the trip. The manufacture of stereoscopic 
views is a ruling interest in Littleton, and Kilbum Brothers’ es¬ 
tablishment, just above the railroad depot, is one of the most ex¬ 
tensive of its kind in the world. The Kilburn views are famous 
for their beauty and finish, and visitors will find it to their ad¬ 
vantage to give the place a visit. 

The course of the railway from Littleton, is to the west and 
north of the mountains : first through rude forests and along the 
bed of the wild river, which seems to have torn its way through 
the rocky hills. At Wing Road, 195 miles from Boston, passen¬ 
gers for the mountains diverge from the main line without change, 
on express trains, to Bethlehem Station, 200 miles from Boston. 
About two miles distant from the railroads is 
BETHLEHEM, N. H. 

This village of hotels and boarding houses is populous during 
the season, with representatives from every State. It is situated 
on ground 1,500 feet above sea level—the highest village east of 
the Rocky Mountains—and enjoys from its northern exposure and 
altitude, cool air in summer, and fine panoramic views of the 
mountains, as well as offering relief and cure for those afflicted 
with pulmonary difficulties and hay fever. The drives and stage 
routes from here to most points of the White and Franconia 
Mountains, are easy and numerous. The chief hotels are the 
Sinclair House, at the west end, rooms for about 225 guests; and 
the Maplewood, a mile east, rooms for about 250 guests. Stages 

38 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


connect with trains at Littleton, five miles distant, as well as 
at Bethlehem Station. 

The next point of interest in the railway to the White Moun- 
tains, is the Twin Mountain House, one of the finest and best lo¬ 
cated of all the mountain hotels. It is on the Ammonoosuc 
River, in full view of the Franconia and White Mountains. The 
appointments of the house are first class, and it is a popular rest¬ 
ing place for those tired of travel by rail or fatigued with the 
rugged ascent of the mountains. 

Four miles farther we come to Fabyans, 204 miles from Bos¬ 
ton. The Fabyan House here, built by a company at a cost of 
$200,000 for the buildings* and farm, is designed to be and is 
kept in the best manner. It is 2,000 feet above the ocean. The 
White Mountain House and Mount Pleasant House are smaller 
hotels, near by. The Crawford House is only four miles east. 

Five miles farther by rail, we reach the base of'Mount Wash¬ 
ington, forming connection with the mountain railway, about 
three miles long to the top of Mount Washington, 3,625 feet from 
the base station. Here is the Mount Washington House, among 
the clouds, with accommodations for 150 guests, conveniently 
furnished, and having on its tables all the substantial and luxu¬ 
ries at other mountain hotels. The primitive Tip-Top House, and 
the Summit House, receive any overflow in case of necessity. 

We return to Wing Station now, to complete the description of 
the remainder of the main railway to Northumberland. The first 
station is 

WHITEFIELD, 

Coos Co ., N. H., 199 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 1,500. 

This is a busy place, the people chiefly engaged in lumbering 
and manufacturing. It is also becoming a favorite summer 
boarding place, and has two or three hotels and several private 
boarding houses. We here cross John’s River, flowing north into 
the Connecticut. We pass Dalton and South Lancaster to 

LANCASTER, 

Coos Co ., N. H., 210 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,700. 
Hotels. —Lancaster and American. Stages for the Waum- 
beck , Jefferson Hill , and Mount Adams Hotels. 

This is one of the largest villages in Northern New Hampshire; 

39 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


and, in the traveling season, it is populous with city families, 
who gather here for the sake of the quiet, the pure mountain 
air, the lovely scenery, and the comparative freedom from the 
confusion and expense incident to a fashionable resort. The 
scenery is equal to anything in this region, and has an added 
charm in the more sober attractions of well-kept farms, trim 
meadows and gently flowing rivers. The drives in and about 
the town and through the hill country in Vermont are delightful, 
and of pleasant walks there is no lack. Lancaster was incorpor¬ 
ated in 1703, under the name of Upper Co-hos, and is now the 
chief judicial seat for the county. The Israel River flows through 
the village, and the Connecticut on the west of the town. 

Stages leave Lancaster on the arrival of trains, in the pleasure 
season, three times a day for Jefferson Hill, about seven miles 
east on the slope of Star King Mountain, and about two miles 
from the base. The Wanmbeck, the Plaisted, Star King, Jeffer¬ 
son Hill, and several other houses are located here. The Mount 
Adams House is also in the neighborhood, a few miles east. Star 
King is quoted as saying of this location, “ It may be called the 
ultima thule of grandeur.” The vision takes in the mountains of 
the White and the Franconia groups, and the Green Mountains. 

From Lancaster, we pass north to Northumberland Fulls, 216 
miles from Boston. This is a small village. Opposite, and a 
short distance from this station in Vermont, is Guildhall, one' of 
the pleasantest of country villages, commanding extensive views 
of the Connecticut valley. Good drives, good air, and good board, 
make this a popular resort. 

At Groveton Junction, the Boston, Concord and Montreal Rail¬ 
road unites with the Grand Trunk Railroad of Canada, for Mon¬ 
treal, Quebec, and all points north : Gorham, and all points east. 
At Northumberland, a station on the Grand Trunk Railroad, a 
little beyond the junction, is the northern terminus of the B. C. 
and M. R. R. This is a thriving settlement in the midst of fine 
scenery. Some nine miles north, on the Grand Trunk Railroad, 
at North Stratford, tourists on express trains connect with stages 
for Colebrook, 13 miles north-east, and for Dixville Notch, 10 
miles south-east of Colebrook. These places, especially Dixville 
Notch, are in the primitive forests. There are good hotels at 

40 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Colebrook, and good hunting, fishing, and wild picturesque 
scenery in all this region. Dixville Notch is the northernmost of 
the numerous wonders of the White Mountain country, and a 
natural wonder not yet quite subjected to the strait-jacket of 
statistics nor stared to death by mixed crowds. Parties prepared 
to rough it, proceed from here to the Connecticut lakes on the 
border of Canada, and to the Rangeley Lakes on the border of 
Maine. They need guides and equipments of tent life. 


CONCORD AND CLAREMONT, N. H., RAILWAYS. 

These branches of the Northern Railway extend from Concord 
to Claremont, N. H., fifty-six miles, and from Contoocook to 
Hillsborough, fifteen miles; the former extending through the 
thriving towns of Hopkinton and Warner to Bradford, thence by 
Lake Sunapee to Newport, N. H., and the valley of the Sugar 
River to Claremont; and the latter through a portion of Hopkin¬ 
ton and Henniker to Hillsborough Bridge. All these are fine 
farming towns, possessing unusual attractions for pleasure tour¬ 
ists ; and, particularly at Hillsborough and Warner, affording ex¬ 
cellent hotel accommodations. Bradford Springs may be reached 
by stage from the towns last named, being only a few miles dis¬ 
tant from either. These springs are largely resorted to in sum¬ 
mer, both on account of their medicinal properties and the beauty 
of their surroundings. Sunapee Lake, which affords fine boating 
and fishing, is about six miles distant from Bradford. 

THE NORTHERN N. H. RAILWAY. 

Concord, N. JET., to White River Junction , Vt., 69 Miles. 

This railway lies wholly in the “Granite State,” and takes a 
tortuous western course through the New Hampshire mountains, 
rising 778 feet the first forty miles. The scenery is exceedingly 
beautiful and varied. For the first twenty miles, the road follows 
the right bank of the Merrimack, or overlooks its green meadows; 
then, leaving at once the river and its level fields, the country 
rapidly becomes wild and rugged ; foaming mountain streams are 
crossed and recrossed, and dark granite rocks rise precipitously 
on both sides of the track, until the summit is passed and the 
eastern slope of the Connecticut is reached. 

41 




NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The’ Northern Railway connects at Concord with the Boston, 
Concord and Montreal Railroad (see page 27), with the Concord 
Railway (see page 24), and with the Concord and Claremont, N. 
H., Railway. At Franklin the branch to Bristol diverges, and at 
White River Junction connections are made with the Connecticut 
and Passumpsic Rivers Railway (see page 99), the Connecticut 
River Railway, and the Central Vermont Railway (see page 75). 
Without change of cars, passengers for Montreal may follow this 
route from Concord. The first station is 

FISHERVILLE, 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 80 in. fr. Boston. 

A small village situated at the confluence of the Merrimack and 
Contoocook Rivers. Just after leaving the station the railroad 
crosses a bridge, then runs for a few rods on Dustin’s Island, 
once a favorite camping place of Indians. A party of ten of them 
in the early history of the State, captured Mrs. Dustin, of Haver¬ 
hill, Mass., with a nurse. On their way to the North the party 
stopped on this island for the night, when Mrs. Dustin and her 
nurse succeeded in killing every one of their captors ; after which 
daring feat they took a canoe and returned down the river to 
their homes. 

Three miles farther is Boscawen, a village of about 2,500 in¬ 
habitants, on the west bank of the Merrimack. The meadows 
along the river are here very beautiful. Passing North Boscawen, 
four miles farther on, we reach 

WEBSTER PLACE, 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 90 m. fr. Boston. 

This is a small and unimportant town in a commercial point of 
view, yet interesting as having been the home of the great states¬ 
man, Daniel Webster. The large white house north of the rail¬ 
way is the Webster house, altered from time to time ; but the 
original house may be recognized by its huge chimney and the 
row of columns which decorate its front. To this quiet retreat 
Webster loved to retire during his few and short vacations. The 
house in which he was born is not far distant in the town of Salis¬ 
bury, which was at the time of his birth included in Franklin, so 
that both towns count him among their sons. 

42 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FRANKLIN, 

Merrimack CoN. H., 92 wi. fr. Boston. 

Hotels — Webster House , Franklin Hotel. 

This thriving village is beautifully situated at the point where 
the Pernigewasset and the Winnipiseogee enter to form the Mer¬ 
rimack. The village is rendered very picturesque and beautiful 
by the wooded hills which surround it, and by the swift and foam¬ 
ing streams which tumble through its valleys and drive the wheels 
of its mills and machine shops. Large quantities of flannel, 
hosiery, and paper are annually manufactured here; several 
mills being engaged in the business. The Bristol Branch Railway 
diverges from the main line here, and runs to Bristol, thirteen 
miles distant, greatly increasing the business of the town. 

BRISTOL, 

Grafton Co., N. H., 105 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 1,500. 

The village lies thirteen miles from the main railroad line, on 
Newfound River, the outlet of a lake of the same name, the 
source of its ample water power. Here are extensive manufac¬ 
tories of leather and woollen goods. A rich bed of plumbago ex¬ 
ists two miles from the village. The whole vicinity is beautiful 
with hills and valleys, brooks and rivers, lakes and falls, and pos¬ 
sesses many attractions for summer tourists who linger a few days 
amidst its varied and wild scenery. 

Returning to the main line of the Northern N. H. Railway, we 
pass on from Franklin to East Andover, ninety-eight miles from 
Boston, and just beyond a fine sheet of water known as Webster’s 
Pond. At Andover, 102 miles from Boston, on Eagle Pond, a 
lake about four miles long and very irregular in shape, we see, 
at the right, Ragged Mountain, and get glimpses of Blackwater 
River. The scenery is beautiful. The railroad makes a wide 
detour to avoid the mountain. The Proctor House is a good 
hotel, opened June, 1870. Stages daily to New London, Spring- 
field, and Croydon. 

Potter Place, two miles further on, is the point of departure by 
stage for Mount Kearsarge ; the Winslow House being only four 
miles distant. This house was named in honor of John A. Wins¬ 
low, captain of the steam frigate “ Kearsarge,” which sank the 
44 Alabama,” in 1804, off Cherbourg, and which is said to have 

43 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


been named after this mountain ; though this honor is also claimed 
for the loftier mountain of the same name some sixty miles north¬ 
east at North Conway. The mountain may be seen from the 
cars a few miles to the west of the track. It is distinguished 
by grandly sloping sides and a bald, rocky summit. Being isolated 
in its position, and higher than any mountain in the vicinity, a 
very wide and beautiful view may be obtained from its top, in¬ 
cluding the ranges of the White and Green Mountains, and a vast 
extent of diversified and interesting country. The Winslow 
House is a summer hotel. 

West Andover, South Danbury, Danbury, Grafton, and Grafton 
Centre, are small stations, three or four miles apart. Near the 
last we reach the highest elevation of the railroad, 778 feet higher 
than Concord. From here we descend toward the Connecticut 
River from the head waters of the Mascomy River. 

CANAAN, 

Grafton Co ., N. H., 125 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 1,877. 

This town was settled from Canaan, Conn. Tanning is carried 
on here, and on Smith’s River are several saw and grist mills. In 
the vicinity of the village is a pond known as Heart Pond, which 
is surrounded by a curious bank, like the levees of our Southern 
rivers. This gives the pond the appearance of being set on a hill. 
The bank is said to have been formed by the drifting of ice in the 
spring. Leaving the station, we cross and recross the Mascomy 
River, which now winds through level meadows, and now dashes 
through rocky chasms, affording a constant source of interest. 
This mountain range does not reach so great an elevation as does 
that portion lying west of the Connecticut River. It is, however, 
full of wild and beautiful scenery, and, at most of the villages, 
excellent accommodations can be found by summer visitors. 

Four miles beyond is West Canaan, which we pass to 
ENFIELD, 

Grafton Go ., N. H., 133 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop . 1,662. 

Before reaching the village of Enfield we pass several mill¬ 
ponds near the track, most of which are used by lumber mills. 
The last one on the right belongs to the Shaker Mills, where are 
made the famous Shaker flannels. Enfield has several families 
of Shakers within its limits, and all are in a prosperous condition. 

44 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


They raise large quantities of choice garden seeds. They manu¬ 
facture woodenware, brooms, and other useful articles of mer¬ 
chandise. The community was formerly under the charge of 
Caleb Dyer, who was for a long time prominent among the lead¬ 
ers of his sect. Leaving the village, we come out upon the shore 
of Enfield Pond. This splendid pond is several miles long, and 
the track is laid close to its bank most of the way to Lebanon. 
It is said to be singularly beautiful at sunset. Passing East Le¬ 
banon, we come to 

LEBANON, 

Grafton Co., N. IT., 139 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop . 3,100. 

Stages daily to Meriden . 

Many of the towns in this neighborhood were settled from Con¬ 
necticut, and their founders named their new homes after the old. 
Such was the case with Lebanon, which is now a thriving manu¬ 
facturing town. The Mascomy River furnishes excellent water¬ 
power, and there are in the place flouring mills, furniture and 
scythe factories, iron and brass founderies, machine shops, and a 
manufactory of elastic sponge. 

The Rev. Isaiah Potter, the first pastor in this town, installed 
in 1772, seems to have been the original “ muscular Christian ” of 
this vicinity. He was a chaplain in the Revolutionary army, and 
it is related of him that once, seeing two men trying in vain to 
mount a small cannon on its carriage, he pushed them aside, 
quietly lifted the gun to its place, and then walked coolly away, 
leaving the men astonished at the parson’s strength. 

WEST LEBANON, 

Grafton Co., N. 11., 142 m. fr. Boston. 

This village is on the left or east bank of the Connecticut, oppo¬ 
site White River Junction. It contains the Tilden Seminary for 
Young Ladies, an institution widely known, and having an excel¬ 
lent reputation. The buildings may be seen on the hill. The 
railroad crosses the Connecticut to the west bank on a bridge, 
from which fine views may be obtained up and down stream. 

WHITE RIVER JUNCTION, 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 143 m. fr. Boston. 

Hotel —Junction House. 

This station is important in being at the junction of four pros- 

45 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


perous railways. Connections are here made to various points as 
follows, viz., by the Northern N. H. R. R. to Concord and Boston ; 
by the Central Vermont R. R. north to Montpelier, Burlington, 
and Montreal, and south, to Springfield, New Haven, and New 
York; by the Connecticut and Passumpsic River R. R. north, 
to Wells River, St. Johnsbury, Lake Memphremagog, Montreal, 
and Quebec; and by the Woodstock R. R. to Woodstock, Vt. All 
trains stop at this station long enough to enable the passengers to 
partake of refreshments in the restaurant which is connected with 
the station, or at the large hotel near by. 

For routes to Montreal, etc., see page 75. 


FROM BOSTON NORTH, VIA BOSTON AND 
MAINE RAILWAY. 

Having provided ourselves with a through or round ticket by our 
chosen route, we leave Boston from the depot of the Boston and 
Maine Railroad, Ilaymarket Square, head of Washington Street, 
and are borne swiftly along by Somerville, two miles from Boston ; 
Medford Junction, Edgeworth, Malden, five miles from Boston; 
Wyoming, Melrose, Stoneham, Wakefield Junction, nine and a 
half miles from Boston, where is the divergence by the Danvers 
and Newburyport Branch. All these towns are thrifty and neat; 
many of them the elegant homes of successful Boston merchants. 
At Wakefield Junction the tourist will notice, on the left of the 
cars, a beautiful lake, with fine yachts here and there. The 
ground here is high, commanding good views of the surrounding 
country. One-half mile from the Junction is 
WAKEFIELD, 

formerly South Reading, named from a public-spirited resident, 
Cyrus Wakefield. This is a place of enchanting scenery, with 
beautiful parks, lakes, drives, and private residences. The popu¬ 
lation is about 6,000. 

Two miles farther is Reading, twelve miles from Boston. Popu¬ 
lation 5,000, a rapidly improving suburban town; and eighteen 
miles from Boston is Wilmington Junction, where we cross the 
track of the Salem and Lowell Railroad. Passing on we reach 
Ballardvale, a small village 21 miles from Boston, and near 

46 




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N0RT1IERX RESORTS. 


ANDOVER, 

Essex Co., Mass. , 23 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 5,000. 

Here are some ten churches. This place is celebrated for its 
schools—Phillips’ Academy, Abbott Female Seminary, and the 
celebrated Theological Seminary for young men preparing for the 
.ministry. It has fine public and private buildings, many of which 
afford good views from their commanding elevations. 

LAWRENCE, 

Essex Co., Mass., 25 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 33,000. 

This is the most beautiful of the manufacturing towns of New 
England, situated on both sides of the Merrimack River, the source 
of its fine water-power. Among its mills we notice the Pacific, 
Washington, Everett, Arlington, Atlantic, Pemberton, Duck, 
Essex, and Lawrence. The immense water-power equal to 10,000 
horse power, is obtained by a dam giving twenty-eight feet fall. A 
canal a mile long distributes the water to the mills. Five of these 
mills employ nearly 10,000 operatives. These vast manufactories, 
especially when illuminated in the evening, appear like an en¬ 
chanted city; and the reflection of the thousand lights in the 
stream, multiplied a hundred fold and set in endless motion, 
seems more a dream than a reality. Lawrence is a railroad cen¬ 
tre : being the terminus of the Boston, Lowell and N. Railroad, 
the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad, and the Lawrence Branch 
of the Eastern Railroad to Salem. Passing North Andover, a 
manufacturing town of 3,000 inhabitants, and Bradford, popula¬ 
tion 2,500, on opposite bank of the Merrimack, we reach 
HAVERHILL. 

Essex Co., Mass., 33 m. from Boston. Pop. 15,000. 

Hotel — City, No. 157 Merrimack St. 

Haverhill, on the north bank of the Merrimack, is a live business 
city, not lacking in public spirit. Its churches, banks, schools, 
and its public library, erected at a cost of $75,000—all tell the story 
of enterprise and thrift. The manufacture of boots and shoes is 
the principal business of the town. A steamer runs with excursion 
parties down the river to Newburyport. The best hotel is the City, 
on Merrimack Street, kept by J. H. Robertson, in first-class style, 
at very moderate prices for board. It is centrally located, and is 
a very popular hotel. Four miles from Haverhill we cross the 
New Hampshire state line, and passing Atkinson and Plaistow 

47 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


—farming communities—to Newton Junction, forty-one miles 
from Boston. Here is a short Branch to Merrimack. Passing 
East Kingston, forty-six miles from Boston, we reach 

EXETER, 

Rockingham Co ., N. II, 51 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 3,500. 

Hotels. —Gorham and Sicampscott. 

Trains stop here ten minutes for refreshments. The village 
lies a short distance northeast of the station, on a river of the same 
name. The surface of the land is rolling, the soil light, but adapted 
to fruit raising. Here is the famous Phillips’ Academy, founded 
in 1781, where many of our most eminent public men received their 
training. The Robinson Female Seminary is also here. This is a 
flourishing young institution, handsomely endowed by its founder. 
Considerable manufacturing is done here; the best known being 
that of carriages. Being an attractive place, and only about ten 
or twelve miles from Hampton and Salisbury beaches, with nu¬ 
merous stage connections, it is a favorite summer resort. Four 
and six horse “barges” run between Exeter and Hampton Beach 
in connection with the trains to and fr >m Boston. The ride of 
about an hour is a thoroughly delightful one, over hill and dale, 
affording frequent views of the ocean. 

We pass rapidly by S. Newmarket, on the Swampscott River, 
Newmarket Junction, where we cross the track of the Concord 
and Portsmouth Railroad; Newmarket, fifty-seven miles from Bos¬ 
ton, population 2,500 ; Durham, sixty-two miles from Boston, to 

DOVER, 

Strafford Co ., N. II., 68 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 10,000. 

Hotels— New Hampshire and American. 

Dover, settled in 1623, is situated on both sides of the Cocheco 
River, at the lower falls, the head of sloop navigation. The water 
has a fall of over thirty feet, rendering it one of the best water- 
privileges in New England. The first church was located four 
miles from the present town in 1623, and the remains of fortifi¬ 
cations then built are still to be seen. 

Manufacturing is here the chief business Of its manufacto¬ 
ries, there are the Cocheco Cotton Co., capital $13,000; Cocheco 
Print Works, print 35,000,000 yards annually; Sawyer’s Woolen 
Manufacturing Co., sales, $1,000,000 annually; glue works, fif- 

48 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


teen shoe factories, one last, one leather belting, five carriage, 
one drain-pipe, one machine shop, and ten brick-yards. Its ma¬ 
terial interests, however, do not interfere with, but. help other 
interests, as its churches, schools, public library, its adorned 
grounds and elegant residences testify. 

Passengers here for the White Mountains may diverge from the 
through route bythe Dover and Winnipiseogee Branch of the Boston 
and Maine R. R., twenty-eight miles to Alton Bay; and thence 
by steamer Mt. Washington to Wolfeborough and Centre Harbor; 
or continue to Portland, connecting there with the Portland and 
Ogdensburgh R. R. for N. Conway and Crawford’s. 

For a short trip, none can be more charming than the former. 
Leaving Dover we soon reach 

ROCHESTER, 

Strafford Co ., N. H,, 78 m. fr. Boston. Pap. 5,000. 

This is a station on the Worcester and Portland R. R., the 
Portsmouth, Great Falls and Concord R. R , the Conway Branch 
of the Eastern R. R., and the most important town on the line 
between Dover and Alton Bay. It is on Norway Plains, and is the 
seat of extensive woolen and other manufactories. The chief 
hotel is Dodge’s. 

Farmington, the birth-place of Henry Wilson, 86 miles from 
Boston—population, 3,000, is a place of little importance to the 
tourist. The same may be said of New Durham, 92 miles from 
Boston. The surface is uneven. Here are several ponds; the 
largest, some ten miles in circumference, is tributary to Alton 
Bay. Here, as at Alton, three miles farther on, are some inter¬ 
esting elevations, such as Saw’s Mountain, Mount Major, and 
Mount Prospect, from whose tops extensive and beautiful views 
of lake and mountain scenery may be obtained. 

ALTON BAY, 

Belknap Co., N. H, 96 m. fr. Boston. 

Is the extreme Southern bay of Lake Winnipiseogee. It is the 
point of departure and return of the steamer “ Mount Washing¬ 
ton,” which runs in connection with the Boston and Maine R. R., to 
Wolfeborough and Centre Harbor. Here is the camp-ground, also, 
of the Adventists, and a favorite place for small parties, who pitch 
their tents near by, and fish, hunt and sketch. 

49 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The Winnipiseogee House is the only hotel at the Bay, and, 
fortunately for the tourist, is well kept. 

WOLFEBOROUGH, 

Carroll Co., N. II, 106 ms. fr. Boston. Pop. 2,000. 

Hotel — Pavilion. 

This picturesque village is on the east shore of the Lake, and a 
favorite resort. Fine drives, an ever-changing variety of lake and 
mountain views, ample accommodations at the hotels, boating, 
fishing, constitute a programme capable of delightful variation. 

The Pavilion, the largest house, is charmingly located on an 
elevated point overlooking the lake. The hotel affords its guests 
the summer amusements of music, billiards, bowling, etc., and 
the lake affords fine bathing, boating, and fishing close by. The 
Pavilion is the largest first-class hotel in the Lake region. Other 
houses, public and private, open their doors for summer guests. 

The place is accessible by the Conway Branch of the Eastern 
Railroad, and by steamer Lady of the Lake, from Wiers, as well 
as by the Mount Washington from Alton Bay. 

CENTRE HARBOR, 

Belknap Co., N. II, 110 m. fr. Boston. 

The lake and the islands on the south, and the wilderness and 
mountain grandeur at the north, have made this a favorite resort 
for summer tourists. It is at the head of the Central North-end 
Bay. The Senter House, and the Moulton House, offer comfortable 
and good fare, and all the facilities for excursions by land or 
water. The route from here to North Conway is by stage to 
West Ossipee, about fifteen miles, where connections are made 
with trains on the Conway Branch of the Eastern Railroad. See 
description of Lake Winnipiseogee, page 29. 

Leaving the tourist to find his way among the mountains, we 
return to Dover, the point of our divergence from the principal 
route to the Maine Beaches and Portland. Resuming our descrip¬ 
tion, we pass to Rollinsford, seventy miles from Boston, whence 
a short branch R.R. diverges to 

GREAT FALLS, 

Rockingham Co., N. H., 73 miles from Boston. Pop. 6,000. 

It is on the Salmon River, which here forms the dividing line 

50 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


between Maine and New Hampshire. It is a manufacturing 
town. 

Two miles from Rollinsford, on the direct line to Portland, is 
Salmon Falls; six miles further is North Berwick, a larger village ; 
and seven miles further, 85 miles from Boston, is 

WELLS, 

a favorite summer resort, with a population of 3,000. The 
beach is about two miles from the station. Stages are waiting 
to take passengers to the hotels, among which the Island Ledge, 
the Atlantic, and the Ocean Houses, are the largest. The fine 
beach here extends several miles. Mount Agamenticus, a few 
miles distant, is a point of interest and resort. A legend of this 
mountain says that when, in 1682, St. Aspinquid died on it, the 
Indians sacrificed to the Great Spirit nearly 7,000 wild animals. 

Passing Kennebunk, 90 miles from Boston, population 2,400, 
which is the point of departure by stage to Cape Arundel and its 
neighboring beaches, we come to 

BIDDEFORD, 

York Co ., Me ., 99 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 11,0C0. 

Biddeford is on the west side of Saco River, opposite the city 
of Saco, with which it is connected by a bridge. Both are manu¬ 
facturing towns. The Pepperell, Laconia, and Saco mills of the 
former, and the famous York mills of the latter, are extensive. 

Eight miles from here, at the mouth of the Saco River, is lo¬ 
cated Biddeford Pool, a popular summer resort, with two hotels— 
the Yates House, and Holman House. Around the Pool are many 
points of interest; ancient buildings, and the remains of exten¬ 
sive wharves and vessels, which were destroyed during the war of 
1812, by an English man-of-war. History relates that, previous 
to the war, an English merchantman put into the harbor here, in a 
leaking condition, for repairs. The inhabitants refused to make 
them, or allow them to be done, and ordered him away. The 
captain protested that, being in a leaking condition, he could not 
make any other harbor. Upon finding his remonstrances of no 
avail, he remarked, ‘ ‘ Gentlemen, it may be in my power some 
day to make this account even, and if it ever is, rest assured we 
will settle in full.” Shortly after the war of 1812 broke out, and 
among the first places to feel the effects of it was The Pool. The 

51 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


English captain returned in command of a man-of-war, and de¬ 
stroyed the wharves and a large number of vessels, thereby de¬ 
stroying the industry of the place, which, to this day, has never 
recovered. The ruins, with the blackened hulls of the vessels, 
are in the same condition now as when they were destroyed, ex¬ 
cepting what time has effaced. 


SACO, 

York Co., Me., 100 nt.fr. Boston. 

Has about 6,000 population, and, like Biddeford, is a place of great 
thrift. From Saco the steamer “Augusta” makes trips twice 
daily during the summer down the Saco River to the Pool and 
Wood Island—one of the most charming islands on the sea-coast 
of Maine. Groves yielding ample shade, and delicious spring- 
water to quench the thirst of the thousands who annually make 
this island their pic-nic grounds. The “Augusta” has recently 
been placed in thorough repair, and can be engaged in connection 
with the Boston and Maine Railroad for excursions, either to the 
Pool or Wood Island. 

OLD ORCHARD BEACH, 

York Co., Me., 104 m. fr. Boston. 

This is the popular sea-side resort of New England. Fifteen 
miles of hard beach make it a pleasant drive. There are some 
fifteen hotels, the Ocean and Old Orchard House being the largest. 
The surf bathing here is unexcelled, and can be indulged in 
without danger. At this place is also the headquarters of the 
Methodist camp meetings ; extensive grounds and buildings hav¬ 
ing been purchased, comprising 45 acres of land, with twenty-five 
society tents, a number of wooden buildings intended for churches, 
boarding-houses, restaurants, and family cottages. There are 
about fifteen acres of woodland, which afford a beautiful shade 
for the auditorium, a natural amphitheatre, capable of seating 
about 20,000 people. A large reservoir is being constructed, from 
which water will be distributed over the whole grounds. The 
place abounds in walks, drives, parks, lakes, shady nooks and 
arbors, to entice those romantically inclined, or seeking rest and 
recreation. 


52 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


PORTLAND, 

Cumberland Co., Me., 115 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 33,000. 
Hotkls —Falmouth and Preble. 

Portland is situated on a peninsula about three miles in length, 
and three-quarters of a mile in width, which juts into Casco Bay. 
Congress street runs the entire length of the peninsula, and the 
ground sloping to the water on either side affords ample drainage, 
and furnishes one of the healthiest cities in the world, while its 
scenery has received the highest praises of writers and tourists. 
The great fire, which began on the afternoon of July 4th, 1806, 
proved to be one of the most extensive and destructive conflagra¬ 
tions on record. Raging with resistless fury until noon of the 
following day, devastating the fairest portions of the city, render¬ 
ing houseless and homeless ten thousand of its inhabitants, de¬ 
stroying property to the value of ten or twelve million dollars, 
and sweeping over an extent of more than a mile in length by (in 
the widest part) nearly a mile in width. Over fifteen hundred 
buddings were burned, and more than eight miles of closely built 
streets, lanes, and courts, covering an area of from two to three 
hundred acres. During the short time that has since elapsed, 
mighty changes have been wrought in the appearance of the 
burned district. What was thought to be the work of years, has 
been accomplished in as many months, and to-day Portland has 
greater and better facilities for trade, larger and more commodi 
ous stores and warehouses, more manufacturing enterprise, 
heavier stocks of goods, and in greater variety than ever before. 
The railroad delivers passengers at the southern edge of the city, 
some distance from the Falmouth, the United States, and Preble 
Houses, the principal hotels of the city. Many points of interest 
to the tourist present themselves in the manufactures and com¬ 
merce of this seaboard city. He will enjoy a few days here be¬ 
fore continuing his tour to the mountains via the Portland and 
Ogdensburgh, or the Grand Trunk Railway, or to the islands of 
Maine coast, or the Provinces. Connections are made at Portland, 
by the Maine Central Railroad to Bangor and all points east, and 
by steamers to points along the coast. (See pages 17 and 18). 

53 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


PROM BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 
MONTREAL AND QUEBEC, PORT¬ 
LAND, AND THE EAST. 

BY THE EASTERN AND MAINE RAILROADS. 

This is the shortest route to North Conway and the White 
Mountain Notch at Crawford’s. Having tickets by this route, 
passengers will leave Boston from the depot on Causeway, at the 
foot of Friend street, and pass out over the Charles River. Ele¬ 
gant cars of the Pullman Co. are attached to every through train. 
On the left is the Boston and Lowell Railroad ; on the right are the 
Fitchburg, and the Boston and Maine Railways. The heights of 
Charlestown, crowned by Bunker Hill Monument, rise on the right, 
and the manufactories of East Cambridge are seen on the left. 
Having crossed the Charles River and Miller’s Creek, the train 
gains the Somerville meadows, crosses the tracks of the Boston 
and Maine R. R., just before reaching Somerville station, three 
miles from Boston, and one of its numerous suburbs. Soon after 
leaving this station, Mt. Benedict and the ruins of the Ursuline 
Convent, destroyed by a mob in 1834, are seen on the left. The 
train crosses the Mystic River, passes Everett station, whence the 
Saugus Branch diverges to Malden, Maplewood, Linden, Clifton- 
dale, Saugus, and Lynn Common, where it rejoins the main line. 

CHELSEA, 

Suffolk Co., Mass. 4 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 18,547. 

This city is a beautiful and quiet place of residence, connected 
with Boston by ferry, and with Charlestown by a bridge over Mys¬ 
tic River. The Naval Hospital and the U. S. Marine Hospital, 
the Soldiers’ Monument (near the railroad station), “ Powder Horn 
Hill,” Starr King’s frequent place of observation and inspiration, 
aru points of interest to the stranger. From this station passen¬ 
gers for Revere Beach leave the cars. 

LYNN, 

Essex Co., Mass. 11 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 28,233. 

Hotels — Sagamore, Central , and Lynn. 

This is on a harbor formed by the peninsula of Nahant, which, 
as well as Swampscott, is near this city. Lynn is famous for its 
manufacture of shoes; 10,000,000 pairs a year, valued at 

54 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


$18,000,000, have been made here in a single year. The chief 
point of attraction to the traveller is an eminence called High Rock, 
near the City Hall, commanding extensive views of the city and 
contiguous land and water. Moll Pitcher, a reputed sorceress, and, 
in later years, the Hutchinson family of singers, resided in Lynn. 
Swampscott, just beyond Lynn, is, like Nahant, a fashionable 
watering-place, much visited by the aristocracy of Boston. Ele¬ 
gant summer residences, fine equipages, and people of taste and 
refinement, are to be seen here in abundance in summer. 

SALEM, 

Essex Co., Mass. 1 6m.fr. Boston. Pop. 25,000. 

Hotels —Essex House, Derby House. 

Salem is a commercial and literary city on Massachusetts Bay. 
It is one of the two towns first settled in the State, and is the 
scene of that remarkable delusion of witchcraft in 1092, for 
which some nineteen people suffered death at the hands of 
superstitious zeal. It has a good harbor, protected by the guns 
of Fort Pickering. The State Normal School for girls, East India 
Marine Hall, with its extensive scientific collection, Plummer Hall, 
with its libraries, the old Witch House, still standing, are among 
the points of interest to the stranger. George Peabody, born 
near, was buried in the cemetery just west of Salem. Rogers, 
the sculptor, Prescott, the historian, Hawthorne, and many ether 
distinguished literary and public characters, were bom here. 
Abundant railway connections exist at Salem. Four branches 
run out of the city, viz., to Wakefield, by the Boston and Maine 
Railroad; to Lowell, by branch of the Boston and Lowell Rail¬ 
road; to Lawrence, through Danvers, &c., by a branch of the 
Eastern Railroad. A railroad 4 miles long runs to Marblehead. 

We pass by Ipswich, Essex Co., Mass., 27 miles from Boston, 
population 4,000, to 

NEWBTJRYPORT, 

Essex Co., Mass. 37 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 12,595. 

Hotels —Merrimack House, Ocean House. 

The location of this city by the sea is on rising ground over¬ 
looking the Merrimack River, three miles from its mouth, and a 
wide stretch of the sea. Opposite is the town of Salisbury, the 
northeast limit of Massachusetts. Three bridges cross the river 

55 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


between these towns. Newbury port is rich in historic associa¬ 
tions, less distinguished relatively now, than formerly, as a mari¬ 
time city; but interesting as a manufacturiDg town and for its fine 
streets, beautiful private grounds and residences. Not far from 
here are Pigeon Cove, Plum Island, and Salisbury Beach—places 
of resort. The railroad connections at Newburyport are with the 
main line and Salisbury Branch of the Eastern It. R., and with the 
Newburyport and Danvers Branch of the Boston and Maine R. R. 

Crossing the Merrimack River on a bridge 1,500 feet long, and 
passing E. Salisbury and Seabrook, small stations in a marshy 
territory, Hampton Falls, near Hampton Beach and the ocean, 
we come to Hampton, an ancient, quiet, Puritanic village, from 
which stages run three miles to the Beach, where there are 
large and numerous hotels and cottages for summer guests. A 
little farther on we come to North Hampton, from which stages 
in summer run to Rye Beach—the most fashionable of the N. H. 
beaches. The bathing here is safe and pleasant. The country 
north is rolling, and under high cultivation. Soon we reach 
PORTSMOUTH, 

Rockingham Go ., N. H. 57 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 9,211. 

Hotels — Rockingham , American , National: 

This is the commercial metropolis, the capital, and the only sea¬ 
port town of New Hampshire. It is on the right bank of the 
Piscataqua River, on a peninsula about three miles from the 
ocean. It is a city of “ quaint houses and interesting traditions.” 
Some manufacturing is done here, chiefly of shoes, carriages, and 
cotton goods. The quietness, the health-giving sea-air, the beau¬ 
tiful drives into the country and to the beaches, make Portsmouth 
a desirable place for tourists and pleasure-seekers in summer. 
Many names distinguished in American literature, in the pulpit, 
at the bar, in the army and the navy, are written in the records of 
her achievements for her country and the world. Opposite 
Portsmouth, on an island, is the U. S. Navy Yard. The Isles of 
Shoals are 10 miles from Portsmouth. A steamer leaves for the 
Isles in the morning. Besides its railroad connections with the 
main lines of the Eastern and Maine Central Railroads, the city is 
connected with Manchester and Concord by the Portsmouth R. R. 

Crossing the Piscataqua, and passing Kittery, a small station^ 

56 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


57 miles from Boston, and Elliott, a farming community, 63 miles 
from Boston, we come to 

CONWAY JUNCTION, 

67 m. fr. Boston. 

Cars for the White Mountains are here switched on to the 
branch track, and pass without delay to their destination. 


FHOM CONWAY JUNCTION TO PORTLAND. 

The route is by the Eastern and Maine Central Railroad. We 
find the station next north, on the main line, is South Berwick 
Junction, 70 miles from Boston, a small station where the Boston 
and Maine Railroad crosses the present route. Passing North Ber¬ 
wick, Wells, Kennebunk, Biddeford, Saco (described on pages 51 
and 52), we reach West Scarborough, 99 miles from Boston, impor¬ 
tant from its being the station for ScarboroughBeach, three miles 
distant, where there are two or three miles of good beach—hard, 
level, and a safe bathing place—Hotels Atlantic and Kirkwood, 
and several inexpensive boarding-houses. At the south end of the 
Beach is Prout’s Neck, and at the north end are Richmond’s Is¬ 
lands, and Cape Elizabeth—all with good hotel accommodations. 
A few minutes ride brings us into Portland. For description of 
Portland, see page 53. 

The Eastern and Maine Central Railroads here conuect for 
Augusta and Bangor, and all points east; with the Portland and 
Ogdensburgh Railroad for North Conway, the White Mountains, 
and points west; with the Grand Trunk Railroad for Gorham, 
Montreal and Quebec ; with the Boston and Maine for Lawrence 
and Boston; with the Portland and Rochester Railroad for 
Rochester, Lowell, Worcester, and all points south and west; 
with the Knox and Lincoln Railroad for Rockland, Me. ; and with 
the steamers to all points. 


Our course to the White Mountains is by South Berwick, 
Salmon Falls to Great Falls, a place of about 2,500 inhabitants, 
extensive cotton and other factories (described also on page 50). 
Thence our course lies north by Rochester (see page 49), by 
several unimportant stations, as Hayes Crossing, Milton, Union 
3* 57 




NORTHERN RESORTS. 


—all enjoying, however, fine scenery and views—to Wolfeborough 
Junction, 97 miles from Boston, whence a branch operated by the 
Eastern Railroad delivers passengers for Lake Winnipiseogee to 
Wolfeborough, 109 miles from Boston, on the east shore of'the 
lake. This interesting village of 2,000 inhabitants is a place of 
trade for the surrounding country, and in summer, a resort for 
thousands from the cities and seaboard towns. For description 
of Wolfeborough, see page 50. For description of Lake Win- 
nipiseogee, see page 29. 

Our course to the mountains from here lies by Wakefield, 99 
miles from Boston, East Wakefield, 103 miles from Boston ; both 
these are small stations in a farming region. Near here is Lake 
Newichawannock, three miles long by one mile wide. We pass 
Ossipee, 111 miles from Boston; Centre Ossipee, 115 miles from 
Boston; and West Ossipee, 119 miles from Boston. This is the 
shire town of Carroll County, N. H., with a town population 
of about 2,000. Here is the Bearcamp River House, frequented 
in former days by Daniel Webster when on his fishing excursions 
in this region. There are some fine trout streams here yet, and 
Ossipee Lake, seen on the right and distant from the station, with 
Green Mountain on its farther shore, is a centre of attraction for 
tourists and anglers. Mount Chocorua, eight miles d stant, the 
Ossipee Mountain, and Sandwich Notch, may be reached easily 
from here. 

Four miles farther we come t") Madison, a small station on a 
plain and on the shore of a beautiful lake, known as Silver Lake, 
or Six Mile Pond. The scenery grows more wild and picturesque 
as we proceed to 

CONWAY, 

132 m.fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,000. 

A quiet and charming village, with green lawns and roomy 
houses; and still a favorite summer resting-place for many who do 
not care so much for excitement as for solid comfort and quiet en¬ 
joyment. Several good hotels and boarding-houses receive guests. 

NORTH CONWAY. 

North Conway Co., N. II. 138 m. fr. Boston. 

North Conway, five miles further north, is in the valley of the 
Saco River, environed by mountains, and is a favorite resort of 

58 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


American artists. Here are several excellent hotels: the Kearsarge, 
Washington, Is orth’ Conway, Sunset Pavilion, Intervale, MacMillan, 
Mason’s, Randall’s, the Bellevue, and a number of private board¬ 
ing-houses. The view up the valley of the Saco, with Mt. Wash¬ 
ington in the distance, is one of surpassing beauty, while in the 
vicinity of its wooded, winding banks are many delightful walks 
and drives. The wide meadows known as the Conway Intervales, 
and the sparkling Saco, make an added feature to the mountain 
view; and it is no wonder that North Conway has been the theme 
of poet and painter in many a splendid effort. The Ledges, Di¬ 
ana’s Bath, the deep chasm known as the Cathedral, the White 
Horse, and many other objects of interest, are in the immediate 
neighborhood, and well worth a visit. 

The route from here into the mountains is by the Portland and 
Ogdensburgh Railroad, through the Notch past Crawford’s to 
Fabyan’s, where it joins the B. C. and M. Wh. Mt. R. R. (See 
page 39.) 

Six miles from N. Conway, at Glen Station, stages t ike passen¬ 
gers to Jackson, 2 miles, the Glen House, 14 miles, and thence up 
Mt. Washington. The stage route is wild and beautiful, a pano¬ 
rama of striking and charming pictures. Goodrich Falls, on the 
Ellis River, the highest perpendicular falls in the mountains, will 
first attract attention. It is visible as you cross the bridge. One 
mile beyond is Jackson, noted for its mineral wealth, iron, tin, 
copper, etc., found in the adjacent and overshadowing mountains. 
Nature here enjoys almost her primitive freshness. The scream 
of the locomotive, and the rattle and smoke of the railroad, have 
not invaded her sanctuary. Country recreations and rest are still 
possible. The place, therefore, has its quota of summer boarders. 
Several good and capacious hotels and private boarding-houses 
offer board at moderate rates. 

To complete the route up the Notch. The railway, opened 
through in 1875, is one of the triumphs of engineering; the grade 
for seven miles being 116 feet to the mile. The lover of wild and 
picturesque scenery gets an indescribable pleasure out of the trip. 
From the beauty of the valley of the Saco, with its soft and rav¬ 
ishing sunsets, he passes into these rugged mountain fastnesses 
by Bartlett’s; Bemis’, above the Willey House, with its tragic 

59 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


story; Mt. Webster to the north; Mt. Willard to the south; 
over chasms noisy with tumultuous waters; under overhanging 
rocks; through the Gates of the Notch, by the little pond im¬ 
mediately in front of the Crawford House—the source of the 
Saco River—2,000 feet above the sea, to Crawford’s, 155 miles from 
Boston. Here is a neat station, and a walk of three minutes 
brings us to the Crawford House, described on page 62. 

60 


CITY HOTEL, 

HAVERHILL, MASS. 


|. H. ROBERTSON, Proprietor, 

No, 157 Merrimac Street. 

This popular Hotel is situated in the business centre, and is 
intended in every respect as a first-class house. Has ample 
accommodations for about 75 guests. The Proprietor will be 
unsparing in his efforts to merit—as in the past—the full appro¬ 
bation of his numerous patrons. 

SAMPLE ROOMS FOR COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS. 

Terms, #2.00 per Day. 




The White Mountains. 


In a general way, the name White Mountains includes all that 
tract of lake and mountain country occupied by Coos, Grafton, 
Carrol, and Belknap Counties, in the northern part of New Hamp¬ 
shire, embracing an area of about 40 square miles. It is naturally 
divided into three districts; the lake country about Lake Winni- 
piseogee, Carrol and Belknap Counties, the Franconia Mountains 
at the west, in Grafton County, and the smaller and more lofty 
group of peaks at the north end centered about Mount Washing¬ 
ton, in Coos County. This last district also extends in a south¬ 
westerly direction into Grafton County, and makes the true 
White Mountains, or White Hills, as they are more justly called. 
They include the peaks of Mount Webster, 4,000 feet above the 
sea; Jackson, 4,100; Clinton, 4,200; Pleasant, 4,800; Franklin, 
4,900; Monroe, 5,300; Madison, 5,361; Clay, 5,400; Jefferson, 
5,710; Adams, 5,800; and Washington, 6,285, the highest peak, 
with one exception, east of the Mississippi. The Indian name of 
the group is Agiocochook, and each formerly had its Indian name. 

Compared with the Alps, these mountains are indeed hills. 
Mount Washington scarce climbs a third way to the snow-clad 
height of Mount Blanc; and the Notch may be trifling beside the 
mighty rifts beneath the Jungfrau, and the cascades of Glen Ellis 
and the Flume may seem insignificant beside the dizzy leap of the 
Staubach ; but these are over the sea. Our Switzerland is at our 
very doors. It husall the grandeur of true mountains, combined 
with a hill and lake country as beautiful as anything in Europe. 
To this it adds a virgin freshness, a wild picturesqueness that 
Switzerland can never show. 


61 




Crawford House, White Mountains. 


























































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS 1 


CRAWFORD HOUSE. 

This fine hotel is four miles east of the Fabyan House, and in 
the very heart of the White Hills, at the threshold of the famous 
White Mountain Notch. A few moments’ walk from its doors 
leads to this strange gateway in the hills, and a two miles’ tramp 
will take one to the top of Mount Willard, where fine views are 
obtained of the Notch, the scene of the Willey House disaster, 
and the valley of the Saco. Near the hotel is the line that marks 
the water-shed between the Connecticut and the Saco, the water 
flows one way to the east, to Maine, and the other way to Ver¬ 
mont and Massachusetts and Long Island Sound. 

This house accommodates some 800 guests, and is a favorite 
resort of visitors to this part of the Mountains. Standing so high, 
and just at the contiguous sources of the Ammonoosuc and the 
Saco Rivers, it enjoys pure air and water, and views of unex¬ 
celled beauty and sublimity. The internal arrangements are 
under skilled and gentlemanly management, and the cuisine 
justly praised. The catalogue of attractions includes the Notch, 
the Pictured Rocks, Gibbs’ and Beecher’s Falls, all near the hotel; 
Silver Cascade, the Flume Cascade, the Willey House, and Mount 
Willard. The Summit, attained easily by a carriage road about 
two miles long, affords most magnificent and thrilling views in 
the afternoon. The Willey Valley appears enclasped in the huge 
arms of two titanic mountains, Webster and Willey, while Choco- 
rua, twenty miles away, and the peaks of the Mount Washington 
groups, appear in clear outline. The Bridle Path, along the 
crest of the mountains, eight miles to the top of Mount Washing¬ 
ton, has in response to popular demand been revived. There is 
just enough romance and adventure in the trip to be fascinating. 
Trusty guides and horses are furnished at the Crawford House. 

The railroad runs from the Crawford House to Mount Washing¬ 
ton Railway at foot of Mount Washington on west side, by way of 
Fabyan House, four miles from Crawford’s, where connection is 
made with the B. C. and M. Railroad, for Wells River and the 
south or west. For points east, the traveler will return to 
North Conway by the P. & O. R. R., where connections are made 
with Eastern Railroad, for N. H. Beaches and Boston. 

62 


MAP OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS AND VICINITY. 


Sutls of Mils* 

1 ?— ** 



RAILROADS- STAGE LINES. 














NORTHERN RESORTS. 

THE NOTCH AND THE WILLEY HOUSE. 

The gate-way of the Notch, “the infant Saco,” struggling with 
the road in escaping through this gap in the mountain, the Flume 
Cascade, and Silver Cascade, and the Willey House, are all within 
easy walking distance, and well worth the visit. The Notch is 
some three miles in length, through which flows the Saco River, 
gradually widening as it proceeds, and receiving other streams 
from the mountain sides. Wild and abrupt cliffs and rocky ram¬ 
parts extend the whole distance, towering in some places to the 
height of 2,000 feet. The Willey House is simply curious as the 
scene of a great land-slide that years ago swept the family who 
lived here to destruction. The house was saved, but the people, 
endeavoring to escape, were lost. Returning to the hotel, 
Beecher’s Cascade, Gibbs’ Falls, and the Mount Willey Cascades, 
may easily be visited. Guides may be obtained at the hotel. 

By stages travelers formerly went down the Notch, past the 
Willey House and the old Abel Crawford place, and on down the 
Saco Valley to Ellis River, where a turn is taken to the east and 
North, past Jackson, to the Glen House on the east side of the 
mountains. Now by rail to Glen station, thence by stage to 
Glen House. Glen Ellis Falls and other objects of interest are to 
be seen by this route, and it is still a favorite ride for those who 
have the leisure and inclination to see this most beautiful part of 
this country. The favorite route to the Glen is now by the 
railway over Mount Washington, and then down on the eastern 
side by the famous carriage road. 

THE MOUNT WASHINGTON RAILWAY. 

The idea of building a railway up Mount Washington is several 
years old, but no fixed plans were formed until 1866, when an ex¬ 
perimental section of 100 feet was laid. The results of this ex¬ 
periment were so satisfactory that a joint-stock company was 
formed and the work seriously begun. Most of the stock is 
owned by the Boston, Concord and Montreal, the Connecticut 
and Passumpsic Rivers Railways, and Cheney & Co.’s Express. 

This railway, built under peculiar difficulties in 1869, at a 
cost of more than $100,000, climbs 3,625 feet in going three 
miles, and is one of the most remarkable roads in the world. It 
is a curious piece of engineering, and perfectly safe. The grade 

63 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


is in some places thirteen and a half inches to the yard, or more 
than one foot in three. The track is laid on a strong trestle-work 
of heavy timber, braced and bolted in the most substantial man¬ 
ner, and resting on the rocky foundations of the mountain itself. 
This trestle work varies from a foot to twenty feet in height, ac¬ 
cording to the form of the mountain-side. Wrought-iron rails are 
bolted to heavy timbers, at about the same distance apart as those 
of ordinary railways. Midway between these, strongly clamped 
and bolted to the sleepers or cross-ties, is a third rail of peculiar 
construction. Imagine a narrow ladder of wrought-iron, with its 
rounds about four inches apart, placed between the rails of an 
ordinary railway, and you have a good idea of this middle rail. 
The manner in which motion is imparted to the train is as fol¬ 
lows. Under the engine and over the middle rail is a driving- 
wheel, with cogs, so arranged as to fit between what we have 
termed the rounds of this ladder. This wheel being set in motion, 
of course passes along the ladder, inserting its cogs between the 
successive rounds, and thus climbing, so to speak, along the track. 
The seats of the car are hung so that they adjust themselves to the 
varying steepness of the grade. Self-acting brakes are attached 
both to the engine and car, so that an accident to one will not 
affect the other. "VVe have no hesitation in saying that, consider¬ 
ing the rate of speed at which the trains are run, a traveller is as 
safe in making this ascent, as he is when traveling on an ordinary 
express train. The trip up occupies ninety minutes. Three 
trips are made up and back daily. 

MOUNT WASHINGTON. 

The bridle-path from Crawford’s, eight miles long, leading over 
the tops of several peaks, though in a measure neglected since the 
railway was opened, is often followed both in going and returning, 
on foot or on horseback. The demand for saddle horses and 
guides by this path is reviving, and the Crawford House is answer¬ 
ing the demand. There is romance and adventure enough in it 
to make it attractive. Along either route magnificent views of 
the mountains may be obtained, and at last the journey ends at 
Mount Washington House, and the tip-top point of our travels. 

This is the crown of New England. From this rough pile of 
bare rocks three States may be seen at once. If the day is clear 

64 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 

the prospect is one of the finest in the world. If clouds roll past 
and cover the world below from sight, a no more hopeless sort of 
place can be found. The peak then becomes a contracted island, 
with gray mist for a sea. However, mountain weather is. fitful, 
and it may clear away in a few moments, and change its whole 
character almost before one is prepared for the wonderful trans¬ 
formation that takes place. The view from this lofty elevation 
is unequaled by any on the eastern side of the North American 
Continent, of which a description can give but a faint conception. 
‘ ‘ Around you in every direction are confused masses of moun¬ 
tains, bearing the appearance of a sea of molten lava suddenly 
cooled while its ponderous waves were yet in commotion. In the 
southeast a faint glimmering of the Atlantic is seen, sixty-five 
miles distant, ‘laving the shores of Maine.’ Numerous lakes, 
from the Winnipiseogee to small mountain ponds, are scattered 
here and there. In the north-east is Mount Katahdin, the loftiest 
peak in Maine; in the western horizon are the Green Mountains 
of Vermont, and to the south and south-west are Mount Monad- 
nock and Kearsarge, while the intermediate spaces are filled with 
every variety of landscape—mountains, hills, rivers, plains, and 
forests—blending to form a scene awe-inspiring and sublime.” 
At morning and night there is a tolerable certainty of seeing dis¬ 
plays of earthly and heavenly prospects, vast views of mountains, 
or vaster heaps of clouds, and the traveler should stay all night 
for the chance of seeing the sunset and sunrise. It is quite use¬ 
less to describe either sunrise, sunset, cloud scenery, or a vast 
view from the mountain-top. Words fail, and even a photograph 
seems pale and unsatisfactory. A number of writers, from Starr 
King downwards, have tried to describe the views from Mount 
Washington. Mr. King’s is the best failure; the rest present 
various degrees of failure. Visit and see for yourself. That is 
the only satisfactory way to get an idea of it. As the sensible 
traveler said to the poor student who wanted to see Europe: 
“ Live on crusts, save money, run in debt even ; but go and see 
for yourself ; and when you return it will be easy to pay the bill, 
from the inspiration of the visit.” It may not be worth while to 
run in debt to visit the White Mountains, but no American young 
man or woman can afford not to go, at lea§t once, and it YfQiQ 

65 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


better to stint one’s self of city luxuries that the money may 
be spent in seeing 1 the greater glories of this wonderful and awe¬ 
inspiring spot. From the top of Mt. Washington, on a clear day, 
may be seen many points. Some of the distances and directions 
are as follows : 


Adams, 

4 miles distant, North by East. 

Jefferson, 

3 

it 

it 

North by West. 

Madison, 

5 

tt 

it 

North by North-east. 

Clay, 

1 

It 

tt 

North-west. 

Monroe, 

1 

tt 

it 

South-west. 

Franklin, 

2 

it 

It 

South-west. 

Pleasant, 

3 

a 

It 

South-west. 

Clinton, 

4 

it 

It 

South-west. 

Willey, 

9 

it 

It 

South-west. 

Mount Jackson, 

6 

it 

tt 

South-west. 

Webster, 

7 

u 

tl 

West by North-west. 

Crawford, 

9 

it 

It 

South-west. 

Moriah, 

7 

it 

a 

North-east. 

Lafayette, 

19 

it 

tt 

West by South-west. 

Twin Mountains, 

14 

tl 

it 

West by South-west. 

Carigain, 

14 

ft 

it 

South by South-west. 

Moose Hillock, 

31 

u 

it 

South-west. 

Cannon, 

30 

it 

tt 

West by South-west. 

Whiteface, 

24 

It 

it 

South by West. 

Kearsarge, 

15 

It 

it 

South by East. 


Ample time will be afforded while he e to inspect the United 
States Signal Service Station, and to see the Lizzie Bowne 
monument, and to walk about over the wild rough stone heaps 
that make the cone and crown of the Eastern States. The jour¬ 
ney down again is best taken by stage over the splendid carriage 
road that leads down the eastern slopes to the Glen House. The 
views from this road, as one rides through the clouds, are magni¬ 
ficent, and the trip ends in one of the deepest and most beautiful 
valleys in this whole region. 


66 


ELEVATIONS ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE SEA. 

FRANCONIA MOUNTAINS. 


FEET. 

Mt. Lafayette.5,000 

Mt Cannon, or Profile Mt.3,500 

Moose Hillock.4,630 

Cherry Mountain.3,670 

Mt. Prospect.2,963 


FEET. 


Franconia Notch. 2,014 

Flume House.. 1 ’431 

Profile House. ] ,974 

Plymouth.. 47,3 

Bethlehem Village. 1,450 


THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 


Mt. Washington.6,285 

Mt. Jefferson.5,710 

Mt. Adams.5.800 

Mt. Monroe.5.300 

Mt. Madison.5,361 

Mt. Clav.5,400 

Mt. Franklin.4,900 

Mt. Pleasant..4,800 

Mt. Clinton.4,200 

Mt. Jackson.4.100 

Mt. Webster.4,000 

Mt. Willard.2.575 

Mt. Willey.4,300 

Mt. Carter.5,000 

Mt. Moriah .4,700 

Mt. Hayes.2,500 

Pequaket, or Kearsarge .3,367 


Chocorua. 3,358 

Lancaster. 860 

Littleton. 817 

Conway Intervales. 471 

Concord. N. H., Depot. 236 

Lake Winnipiseogee. 496 

Red Hill. 2.502 

Copple Crown Mount. 2,100 

Alpine House, Gorham. 800 

Crawford House. 1,920 

Fabyan House. 1,551 

Glen House. 1,632 

Willey House, Wh. Mt. Notch... 1,335 

Mt. Resolution. 3,400 

Giant’s Stairs. 3,500 

Foot of Mt. Washington R. R_ 2,615 

Pinkham Notch. 2,018 


MOUNTAINS AND LAKES IN VERMONT. 

Mt. Mansfield.4,3S4 Mt Willoughby. 3,600 

Camel’s Hump . 403 Ascutney (near Windsor). 3,320 

Jay Peak.4,018 Lake Champlain. 90 

MOUNTAINS AND LAKES IN CANADA. 

Owl’s Head. 2.749 I Lake Memphremagog. 634 

Mt. Orford. 3,300 j Lake Willoughby. 1,162 

DISTANCES IN THE WHITE MOUNTAIN REGION. 


From Fabyans to 

Ammonoosuc Falls. 

Mt. Washington Base_ 

** Summit. 
Gates of White Mountain Notch 


MILES. 

... 3 

... 6 
... 9 

... 4 


Willey House . 7 

Twin Mountain. 4 

Profile. 22 

Littleton. 10 

Lancaster. 20 

Waumbeck House, via Cherry Mt. 12 
Glen House, via Mt Washington .. 17 

Glen House, via Notch and Glen Stn. 40 

St. Johnsbury. 45 

From Crawfi i d House to 

Twin Mountain House. 9 

Base of Mt. Washington . 10 

Summit of Mt. Washington. 13 

Jefferson Hill ... . 10 

Glen House. 30 

Alpine House (Gorham). 33 

North Conway. 25 

Bethlehem Street. 17 

Franconia Notch. 26 

From Plymouth , N. IT., to 

Mt. Prospect. 4 

Loon Pond. 4 

Flume House. 24 

Profile House. 30 


MILES. 

Squatn Lake. 8 

Lake Winnipiseogee. 15 

Centre Harbor. 12 

From Jefferson, N. II., to 

Summit Starr King Mt. 2X 

Summit Cherry Mt. 

Twin Mountain House. 11 

White Mountain House. 11 

Whitefield. 12 

Mt. Adams House. 6 

Summer House, Dalton. 15 

Mt. Washington R. R. Depot. 17 

Willey House. 18 

Glen House. 19 

Alpine House. 17 

Profile House. 23 

Bethlehem. 18 

From Lancaster, N. II., to 

Jefferson Hill. 

Bray Hill. 

Round the Gore. 

Mt. Prospect. 

Dixville Notch. 

Percy Peaks. 

Guildhall Falls. 

Lost Nation. 

Lunenburg Heights. 

Fifteen Mile Falls. 


8 

9 

6 

3 

46 

15 

6 









































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


THE GLEN AND THE GLEN HOUSE. 

This resort has a world-wide reputation. The house, one of 
the largest in the mountains, stands between Mt. Carter, 3,000 
feet high on the east, and Mts. Washington, Clay, Jefferson, 
Adams, and Madison, almost twice as high, on the west; 1,632 
feet above the sea; and entirely out of the regions of hay fever 
and catarrh. Numerous points of interest hereabouts claim the 
visitor’s attention. Indeed it is a good place to stay all summer. 
The Carnet Pools, rocks carved into curious forms by the water 
of Peabody River, are about a mile north. Thompson’s Falls, 2 
miles south-west, are on a brook tributary to Peabody River, and 
near by the Emerald Pool. Crystal Cascade, near Tuckerman’s 
Ravine, is about one mile beyond Thompson’s Falls. The Cascade, 
from a point high up Mount Washington, descends by a long and 
beautiful succession of leaps and turns, a shower of feathery, 
foamy white water, pure and cold. A long and somewhat diffi¬ 
cult ascent along the brook bank leads into Tuckerman’s Ravine, 
a long, deep gash in the southern slope of the mountain. Here 
the snows of winter drift so deep as to remain through the sum¬ 
mer. In melting, the gradual wearing of the streams gives the 
mass many strange and fantastic forms—of spanning arch and 
cave and rude resemblance to well-known objects of nature or art. 
Clen Ellis Falls, the finest in the mountains, are about 4 miles 
from the Glen House. The Ellis River here leaps down a rocky 
channel worn by itself 60 feet, in one thick, white mass. Seen 
from the top or from the bottom, which may be reached by rude 
natural steps in the cliff, it presents a picture of grace and beauty 
which is in strong contrast, yet in perfect keeping with the sur¬ 
rounding wilderness. Lines of stages from the Glen House con¬ 
nect with the top of Mt. Washington, and through Pinkham Notch 
by Jackson to Glen Station on the P. and O. R. R., 14 miles—a 
most romantic ride—and to Gorham, 8 miles, on the Grand Trunk 
Railroad. Gorham is a beautiful village, a frequented resort, at 
the confluence of the Peabody and Androscoggin Rivers, north of 
the White Mountains, and 800 feet above the sea. For river 
scenery, combined with impressive mountain views, this vicinity 
surpasses all others from which the highest peaks are visible. 
The Alpine House is under the same management as the Glen. 

68 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


THE FRANCONIA MOUNTAINS. 

These mountains, though not so high as the White Mountains 
by a few hundred feet, are real mountains—grand in proportions, 
noble in outline, and as awe-inspiring as their taller companions. 
They present many features of interest peculiar to themselves. 
The highest peak, Mount Lafayette, is only 700 feet inferior to 
Mount Washington, and in and around Franconia Notch may be 
found scenes of marvelous beauty and grandeur. Here is Echo 
Lake, gem of mountain tarns; the solemn Old Man of the Moun¬ 
tain, with stony calm gazing down upon the petty creatures that 
gaze up at his strange face; the Flume, the Pool, and the Basin— 
each a wonder in its way. The White Mountains will not be 
forgotten in these, and they will fitly cap the climax of the hills. 

There are three ways of travelling through the mountains : by 
the public stages, in your own team, or—best of all—afoot. The 
stages are the very best in the world, and may be patronized with 
safety and certainty. The best seats are on top. The horses are 
trained to their work, the drivers famous for their skill, and the 
regularity of the trips gives one certain assurance of close con¬ 
nections in every direction. The tariff is fixed and reasonable, 
and with ordinary care no one need fear imposition. One may be 
imposed upon anywhere in the mountains, and it is not to be ex¬ 
pected that the laborious population who give their time and 
strength to the entertainment of the tourists, are all liberal- 
minded angels, bent on doing good to simple-minded travelers. 
They are average Americans and quite as eager to turn a penny 
as any of us, and if they do charge what seem high prices, the 
traveler may be tolerably certain he would charge just about as 
much were he to change places with the mountaineer. 

The mountain wagons used here are a wonder and a delight. 
Queer-looking boxes on springs with suggestive brakes and pow¬ 
erful horses, often four and six to a team, they seem a little risky 
at first sight, but half a mile’s ride will convince that they are the 
perfection of mountain carriages. These teams may be hired in 
Littleton for the whole grand tour of the mountains, or by the 
day, including driver, and for small parties they are far prefera- 

t>9 







































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


ble to the stages. For one or two who wish to travel by them¬ 
selves abuck-board ” may be recommended. Best of all is to 
walk, or, if your party is composed of ladies and children, ‘ ‘ ride 
and tye,” as it is called. That is, hire a team for half the party, 
and then take turns in walking. The trunks may be forwarded 
from point to point by express, and with a good alpenstock a few 
hours 1 walk in the morning and evening will easily enable one to 
go -from hotel to hotel. For parties who wish such assistance, 
guides and porters will be provided at the hotel in Littleton, or 
they may be taken at any of the wayside houses. 

THE PROFILE HOUSE. 

From Littleton by stage, team, or afoot, the road leads over • 
the wooden bridge and up the hill by the station. Any one will 
point out the way, and the company of stages starting from the 
depot may be safely followed. Soon after leaving Littleton, the 
road clears the valley, and then the bewildering panorama of 
mountain scenery begins, and every step becomes a pleasure. 
The walk is a good eleven miles, and, by starting early, the little 
village of Franconia may be reached before the day grows warm. 
The noon halt may be taken anywhere, and then, after a rest, the 
walk may be resumed at leisure. Mount Lafayette grows taller 
and taller, and Bald Mountain rises on the left. The vastness of 
the scale of everything, and the stimulating air make one forget 
fatigue; and the surprise of Echo Lake, and, at last, the hotel 
amid the mountains, finishes the walk happily, and makes one 
well satisfied with both trip and ending. The Profile House is 
one of those palatial hotels called into existence by the luxurious 
demands of the traveling public, and it seems as if there was 
nothing one could reasonably demand that could not here be 
found. The house stands 2,000 feet above the sea, and yet it 
seems sunk in a vast cleft in the land. The mountains rise steep 
from its very doors, and the horizon seems to have made an ef¬ 
fort to reach the zenith, and very nearly got there. Chief among 
the objects of interest, within easy walking distance, is 

THE OLD MAN ON THE MOUNTAIN. 

A few rods down the road to the south is a small mountain 
lake ; and above it, a thousand feet overhead, is “ the great stone 

70 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


face,” one of the wonders of the natural world. It is useless to 
talk about it. There it is, and the looking is more than the tell¬ 
ing. Even a photograph would be feeble; but, having seen it, one 



will never forget it. The lake beneath it, stupidly called “ the 
Old Man’s Wash-bowl,” is Profile Lake, the head-waters of the 
Pemigewasset, one of the sources of the Merrimack. 

Echo Lake wins to itself admiring attention. Half a mile’s 
walk to the north from the hotel will bring one to its shores, and 
boats will quickly take one out on its quiet water, where its mul¬ 
tiple echo may tickle the ear. 

Bald Mountain is reached by a two mile ride or walk over a 
good road. This mountain top gives a fine view of the Ammonoo- 
suck valley to the north, Echo Lake and the Notch to the south, 
and Mount Lafayette towering over all. 

CANNON MOUNTAIN. 

From the lawn before the hotel may be seen the green mass of 
rock on the top of this mountain, that suggests a great gun and 

71 













NORTHERN RESORTS . 


gives a name to the peak. There is a good foot-path, and the 
tourist may make the trip with ease, as it is only a small matter 
of some 1,500 feet, and the views are excellent. 

MOUNT LAFAYETTE. 

This mountain, 5,000 feet high, is the highest of the Fran- 
conias, and from its summit may be obtained views scarcely in¬ 
ferior to those from Mount Washington. It is a five-mile trip, 
two miles along the road past Profile Lake; At the ruins of the 
old Lafayette House the mountain road is seen entering the 
woods to the left. The view from the summit has been thus de¬ 
scribed : “ Such grandeur as is spread before you more than re¬ 
pays the toil necessary to reach the summit. Lofty mountain 
peaks without number lie before you on every hand. West, in 
the hazy distance, is the Green Mountain range—Mount Mans¬ 
field, Camel’s Hump, and Jay Peak, towering above their neigh¬ 
bors. Intervening are the valleys of the Ammonoosuc and the 
Connecticut. North is the glorious and grand old peak, Mount 
Washington—the Tip-Top House, if not cloud covered, in full 
view. Lying between are the summits of smaller mountains, 
while a trackless wilderness stretches far away towards the east, 
where peak upon peak rises skyward. A little to the left is old 
Kearsarge, and to the right the sharp spur of Chocorua seems to 
pierce the very sky. South, you look down upon the lovely 
valley of the Pemigewasset, which has seemingly widened into 
broad meadows; and, forty miles distant, the eyes rest upon 
Plymouth, and the beautiful Lake Winnipiseogee, with its in¬ 
numerable islands. You linger long in contemplating the scene, 
and wonder how it is possible that so much sublimity should re¬ 
main so comparatively unknown to the great world of humanity 
within a day’s ride, and yet so accessible.” 

This trip is usually made on horseback, but, by taking the 
stage down the road to the entrance of the bridle-path, it makes 
a good one day’s trip on foot. Ponies and guides may be ob¬ 
tained at the Profile House. 

THE BASIN AND THE POOL. 

For the wallring party, another good day’s tramp may be taken 
down the road to the Basin, distant four miles from the house. 

72 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


This is a natural bowl or basin worn in the native rock by the 
fretful river, and well worth seeing as a curiosity. A mile and a 
half farther on, near the old Flume House, another path leads 
half a mile through the forest to the Pool, another spot of ro¬ 
mantic interest. Just beyond the site of the old hotel the car¬ 
riage road turns off to the east, and stops near 

THE FLUME. 

This chasm in the mountain side, with its singular water-falls, 
its mossy, fern-clad walls, its suspended boulder, its cool and 
charming depths, and silvery brook, makes one of the most beau¬ 
tiful spots in the mountains; and if the traveler in foolish haste 
skips much, let him not omit to see this. Returning to the road, 
a trip, two miles to the south to the G-eorgiana Falls, may be 
made; or, on the way back to the house, and when about three 
miles short of it, a brief halt may be made to view Walker’s 
Falls, in the woods to the right. 

The road down the Pemigewasset Valley leads from the Profile 
House to Plymouth, 30 miles distant, on the Boston, Concord and 
Montreal Railroad, and travelers coming from the White Moun¬ 
tains frequently return home this way. 

4 73 



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ROUTES FROM THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 
NORTH, TO MONTREAL AND QUEBEC. 

The tourist has his choice of several routes, north. Out of 
these he will choose, according to his tastes, his point of departure 
from the mountains and his objective point. One route will be 
back to Wells River over the B. C. and M. White Mountains 
Railroad; thence to Montpelier, over the Montpelier and Wells 
River Railroad, and thence over the Central Vermont Railroad 
(see page 75) by St. Alban’s and St. John’s, to Montreal. 

Another route from Wells River will be over the Connecticut 
and Passumpsic Railroad (see page 106) via St. Johnsbury, to 
Newport; and thence over the South Eastern Canada Rail¬ 
road. via Richmond and St. John’s, to Montreal; or from 
Newport, over Lake Memphremagog, by steamer, to Magog; 
thence by stage 16 miles to Sherbrooke; or from Newport, 
over the Massawippi Valley Railroad to Sherbrooke, on the 
Grand Trunk Railroad; and thence, via Richmond, to Montreal 
and Quebec. 

Another route north from the mountains, is over the B. C. 
and M. White Mountains Railroad (see page 39), or to Northum¬ 
berland, or by the various stage lines to Gorham, both stations 
on the Grand Trunk Railroad, and thence to Montreal and 
Quebec as above. All these lines run through cars on express 
trains, make close connections and good time. Each route has 
its peculiarities and advantages, which the tourist will readily 
perceive by the use of the Guide, and by a little investigation. 

74 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


CENTRAL VERMONT RAILWAY. 

This railway forms one of the most important channels of 
travel and commerce between New England and Canada. The 
company operates over 600 miles of railroad, including the leased 



lines. The Central Vermont embraces the main road from White 
River Junction to St. Alban’s; the Southern Division r unn ing 
from White River Junction to South Vernon, Vermont; the New 
London Northern from South Vernon to New London, Connec¬ 
ticut, connecting with a line of steamers for New York ; the Rut¬ 
land Division, running from Bellows Falls to Essex Junction, 
with the Addison Branch from Leicester Junction to Ticonderoga, 













NORTHERN RESORTS. 


N. Y. ; the Harlem Extension from Rutland to Bennington; and 
the Northern and Eastern Division from St. Alban’s to St. John’s; 
and St. Alban’s to Richford, Vermont. At White River Junc¬ 
tion it connects with the Connecticut and Passumpsic River Rail¬ 
road for Wells River, and White Mountains, and Lake Memphrema- 
gog, and Quebec; the Northern Railway of New Hampshire, for 
Boston; the Woodstock Branch, for Woodstock, Vermont; and 
by its Southern Division, running to South Vernon, with the* 
Connecticut River Railroad for Springfield, Hartford, New Haven, 
and New York ; and the New London Northern at South Vernon, 
running to Norwich and New London, Connecticut, and New 
York by steamboat. This railway, under its present efficient 
management, has become a popular line of summer travel, and the 
tourist will meet with many objects of interest and some of the 
most picturesque scenery in America. No one who has the least 
appreciation of nature can fail to find this route a most interest¬ 
ing one. Immediately after leaving White River Junction the 
track approaches the bank of White River, and only leaves it 
at short intervals until the stream is reduced to a mountain brook. 
The remarkable purity and sparkling properties of the White 
River water must be seen to be appreciated, and the endless 
variety of its falls, rapids, shallows, and pools, is a source of 
never-failing interest. The mountains, too, constantly claim our 
admiration. The road passes across the Vermont chain of the 
Green Mountains, which gradually rise from the moderate hills 
along the Connecticut valley, to such bald-headed patriarchs as 
Mansfield and Camel’s Hump, reaching 4,000 feet and more into 
the air, and overlooking everything between Mount Washington 
in New Hampshire, and the Tahawus among the Adirondacks. 
The geological formation is calcareous or limestone, containing 
valuuble beds of slate, and in the higher hills and on the Cham¬ 
plain slope of the mountains showing marble of greater or less 
value. The chief marble quarries of Vermont lie to the south¬ 
ward and westward of this road. After passing the mountains, 
the road follows the Winooski River nearly to its mouth, and the 
route is northward along the east shore of Lake Champlain, 
through a generally level country, to Rouse’s Point, the St. 
Lawrence River, and St. Alban’s. 

76 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


WHITE RIVER VILLAGE, 

Windsor Co ., Vt., 146 nt.fr. Boston. 

Immediately after leaving the junction the railroad track fol* 
lows the right bank of White River, which is close by the side of 
the track, most of the time, for fifty miles. White River Village 
is on the left bank of the stream in the midst of a fine farming 
district, and possessed of valuable water-power. 

WOODSTOCK STATION, 

Windsor Co ., Vt., 147 m. fr. Boston . Stages to Woodstock and 

Bridgewater. 

Near this station we cross to the left bank of White River. 
It is said that the stream derived its name from the great number 
of white pebbles which appear on its bed, and this led the In¬ 
dians to call it “ Kaskadnac, ’’ which has been anglicized as White 
River. Woodstock is ten miles south-west from the station, and is 
reached by a branch railway. It is the shire town of Windsor Coun¬ 
ty, beautifully located in the valley of the Otta Queechee, and 
contains the usual county buildings. This town is the birth-place 
of quite a number of distinguished men, among whom may be 
mentioned* Hon. Jacob Collamer, who was Postmaster-general 
under President Taylor, and who served for many years with 
great honor as U. S. Senator from Vermont ; Hon. Geo. P. 
Marsh, formerly U. S. Minister to the Sublime Porte; and Hiram 
Powers, the distinguished sculptor, whose boyhood and youth 
were passed here. The old Powers house still stands, and is the 
oldest in the township. 

WEST HARTFORD, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 152 m. fr. Boston. 

Is a small manufacturing village. The track shortly crosses a 
brook, which breaks into a charming fall to be seen on the right; 
and soon after we again cross White River on a bridge from which 
a beautiful view may be obtained. A valley opens to the south¬ 
ward, surrounded by picturesque, sharp-crested hills, dotted with 
farms, and through the midst flow the transparent waters of the 
river, now breaking into foam over gray limestone ledges, and now 
running swiftly over its smooth pebbly bed. 

77 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


SHARON, 

Windsor Co., Vt, 157 m. fr. Boston. 

This village is the centre of a farming region, but has excellent 
water-power, which is improved to some extent. Joseph Smith, 
the founder of the Mormon sect, was born here, of which fact the 
townspeople do not seem to be especially proud. The town was 
plundered by Indians in 1780, on the same day wdth the Royal- 
ton massacre. Many brooks “join the brimming river” in this 
section, and the valleys through which they run may be seen 
winding among the green hills on either side of the railway. The 
train rushes past only too quickly, and soon brings us to 

SOUTH ROYALTON. 

Windsor Co., Vt., 162 m. fr. Boston. 

Hotel — South Royalton House. 

This neat and attractive village stands on the side of a beautl 
ful valley. A public square is near the station, on which front 
the hotel, church, school-house, etc. Crossing the river on a 
bridge 600 feet long, we again follow its right bank. 

ROYALTON, 

Windsor Co ., Vt., 164 m. fr. Boston. Stag's daily to E. Bethel, 
E. Randolph, and E. Brookfield. 

This village is pleasantly situated on the river bank, surrounded 
by fertile fields. 

BETHEL, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 169 m. fr. Boston : fr. Montreal, 159. Stages 
daily to Barnard, Woodstock, Stockbridge, and Rochester. 
Bethel is in a narrow valley, encircled by high and steep hills. 
It is a busy place, containing good water-power and factories. 

RANDOLPH, 

Orange Co., Vt., 176 m. fr. Boston. Town pop. 2,900. Stages 
for Randolph Centre, Brookfield, and Chelsea Cottage Hotel. 
The stranger is surprised on nearing this village at the evi¬ 
dences of prosperity and industry everywhere visible. The main 
street, which crosses the railroad at the station, is lined with 
stores. The surface of the country in the vicinity of Randolph is 
elevated, but less broken than much of the surrounding territory. 
At Randolph Centre, three miles north of the station, is the 
Orange County Grammar School, established in 1806. Soon after 

78 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


leaving the station we come in sight of the higher summits of the 
Green Mountains. The hillsides become more rugged, and rocks 
showing a vertical stratification lift their frowning precipices over 
the green fields at their base. 

BRAINTREE, 

Orange Go., Vt. , 182 m. fr. Boston. 

A few houses, with a row of brick charcoal pits, shut in by 
rough mountains, compose this village. A few meadows, how¬ 
ever, along the river, afford fair farming lands. 

ROXBURY, 

Washington Co., Vt.. 191 m. fr. Boston. 

A quarry of verd-antique marble exists near this station, which, 
it is said, cannot be distinguished from the true verd-antique 
from Oriental mines. The railroad here crosses the summit pass 
of the Green Mountains, at an elevation of 1,000 feet above the 
level of the sea, and, leaving the head waters of White River, 
strikes the source of Dog River, a tributary of Lake Champlain. 
A little west of the station we cross a long bridge seventy feet 
above the stream which flows beneath it, and begin our descent 
towards Lake Champlain. 

NORTHFIELD, 

Washington Co., Vt., 198 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 3,500. 

Hotel.— Northfield House. 

Two ranges of bold hills, one on each side of Dog River, 
render the surface of Northfield very uneven. In the narrow 
valley between these hills is the village. Near the station are 
the old railway machine shops. New ones have been built at St. 
Albans, and at present the Northfield shops are used in making 
repairs. Several slate quarries will be noticed on the hill-sides 
near the track, and the geologist will see much to interest him 
in the rock cuttings through which the train passes. Many 
different colored slates may be seen, some of them quite light. 
The large brick building, with a mansard roof, on the hill to 
the right, south of the station, is the Vermont Military Institute, 
a school for boys, popular and largely patronized on account of its 
salutary military discipline and its thorough training in the usual 
branches of high-school education. 

79 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


MONTPELIER JUNCTION, 

Montpelier , Washington Co F£., 208 m.fr. Boston. 

From this junction a branch railroad runs to Montpelier, 1^ 
miles. It is the point of intersection of the Montpelier and Wells 
River Railroad, which forms a cut off, by which parties not wish¬ 
ing to go to White River Junction may cross over to Wells River 
and the White Mountains by a more direct route. In summer, 
cars are run through from Burlington to the White Mountains, 
via this line. 


80 


Capitol, Montpelier, Vermont. 



iiiniiii iiiumn 





































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS . 


MONTPELIER, 

Washington Co., Vt., 209£ m. fr. Boston. Pop. 8,500. Stages to 
Calais, Hardwick, Greensborougk, Glover, Barton, Cabot, 
Danville, Barre, Orange, and Chelsea. Hotel — Pavilion. 

Montpelier, the capital of Vermont, is beautifully situated at 
the junction of the Winooski River with its north branch. It is 
surrounded by a hilly but highly cultivated region, and is the 
active centre of a rich farming and grazing country. The town 
was first settled in 1787, and has been the capital of the State 
since 1805. 

The Capitol building is of granite, and is built upon the site of 
the first building, which was burned in 1857. The present edifice 
is cruciform in its general plan, 176 feet long, and surmounted 
by a dome 124 feet high. In the portico, surrounded by Doric 
columns, stands a marble statue of Ethan Allen, of whose fame 
Vermont is so justly proud. Tn the State House may be seen the 
regimental flags which were borne by Vermont regiments during 
the civil war. Most of them show signs of having been often under 
fire, and many bear long lists of the battles through which they 
were carried. The geological and historical rooms are especially 
interesting in specimens of the mineral wealth which is so remarka¬ 
ble a feature of Vermont. There is also a large and well-selected 
public library. Several newspapers are published in the town, 
and it contains two banks and three insurance offices. 

The Winooski River and its tributaries furnish abundant water¬ 
power, which is employed in driving the machinery of lumber 
mills, carriage factories, large flouring mills, and other smaller 
manufacturing establishments. It is here spanned by a fine stone 
bridge of great strength and durability. 

Montpelier has been visited by some disastrous fires, which have 
swept over the business part of the town; but though bringing 
great distress temporarily upon its residents, they have had the 
ulterior effect of beautifying the town. Upon these ruins have 
sprung up substantial brick business blocks and beautiful church 
buildings, such as few country towns can boast. Montpelier is 
also provided with one of the best hotels in New England. The 
4* 81 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Pavilion Hotel overlooks Capitol Park, upon which are the State 
Buildings, and commands the most beautiful portion of the town. 
It was opened to guests in January, 1876, equipped with all the 
appurtenances, including bath-rooms, closets, wardrobes, etc., 
which are essential to a first-class hotel. It is elegantly fur- 



Pavilion Hotel, T. O. Bailey, Proprietor. 


nished, and each room is heated by steam—thus regulating the 
temperature to the comfort of each guest—lighted by gas, and 
connected by automatic speaking tubes with the principal office. 
Extensive piazzas around the house afford delightful promenades 
and lounging places for summer guests, and every attention 
needed to enhance the pleasure and comfort of guests, is given 
by the popular proprietor, Mr. T. O. Bailey, and his efficient Mr. 
Sibley. No place in Vermont combines more attractions as a 
summer resort than the beautiful village of Montpelier. The con¬ 
veniences of a central village and the picturesqueness of romantic 
mountain scenery, and the comforts of a first-class hotel, are all 
combined here. 

From the hills around Montpelier, beautiful views of the village 

82 
















NORTHERN RESORTS. 


and of tlie Winooski Valley may be obtained, and the neighboring 
country is intersected by roads leading on all sides through scenery 
as rich and varied as ever delighted the eye. 

Among the principal drives are those to Benjamin Falls, one 
and a half miles; Middlesex Narrows, five miles ; Williamstown 
Springs, twelve miles; Plainfield Springs, twelve miles; and Mount 
Mansfield, thirty miles from Pavilion Hotel. Convenient car¬ 



riages and careful, safe drivers, may be obtained at the Pavilion, 
and ample accommodations for boarding private teams. 

Montpelier is on the direct line between the White Moun¬ 
tains and Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Champlain, and Montreal. 

83 




NORTHERN RESORTS. 



The Montpelier and Wells River Railroad, running 38 miles 
between this town and Wells River, opens up a rich agricultural 
and lumber region, and speedy connections east, south, and north. 
The towns of Plainfield, Marshfield, the largest and most impor¬ 
tant of the route, Groton, and Ryegate are all intersected by this 
route. The scenery is varied by mountain, lake, stream, wood¬ 
land, hamlet, and the rich bottom-land along the valley of the 


Middlesex Naiulows, Winooski River, Vt. 

Wells River. Tourists will find Montpelier a convenient and de¬ 
lightful place to spend a short time in their summering. Leav¬ 
ing Lake George and Saratoga in the morning, and Montreal in 
the afternoon, they may take tea here, remain over night, and, 
leaving Montpelier after breakfast, they can dine at any of the 
White Mountain houses the same day. This forms one of the 
most delightful and comfortable ways of making the journey to 
the mountains. 


84 





NORTHERN RESORTS. 


MIDDLESEX, 

Washington Co., Vt. 212 m. fr. Boston. Stages to Moretown, 
Whitfield, and Warren. 

Soon after leaving the junction, the railroad enters the val¬ 
ley of the Winooski, a few miles below Montpelier. This river 
has a euphonious Indian name, which, however, signifies onions 
in English; consequently the inhabitants translate musical but 
uncivilized u Winooski” into its American equivalent, and call 
this beautiful stream Onion River. Before reaching Middlesex 
Station the river, now on the left, falls over a series of rocky 
ledges, then plunges into Middlesex Narrows, a canon about a 
quarter of a mile in length and thirty feet in depth, which has 
been worn in the slaty rock by the action of the river. Camel’s 
Hump may be seen for a moment on the left, before reaching the 
station. 

WATERBURY, 

Washington Co., Vt. 217 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 2,500. Stages to 
Stowe, Mt. Mansfield, Hyde Park, and Craftsbury. 

Hotel —Waterbary Hotel. 

Waterbury is a good-sized village, pleasantly situated on a pla¬ 
teau, through which the railway passes. Camel’s Hump looks 
over the intervening ridges, as we near the station, and assumes 
an almost human expression, having the outline of a forehead and 
nose. The Waterbury Hotel is near the station, and has ample 
accommodations for a large number of guests. Waterbury is so 
attractive in its situation and surroundings, that many summer 
tourists make it their headquarters. Mount Mansfield and 
Camel’s Hump, the highest of the Green Mountain peaks, are 
within easy riding distance, and the whole vicinity is rich with 
the characteristic scenery of Vermont. 

MOUNT MANSFIELD 

Is the principal attraction of this region, and is most conveniently 
reached from Stowe, ten miles north of Waterbury. The drive 
to Stowe is one of great beauty, through the hills and valleys of 
this enchanting region. Stowe is eight miles from the summit of 
Mount Mansfield, which lifts its noble outline in full view of the 
Mansfield House. This house was opened to the public in 1865, 
and sustains an excellent reputation. It can accommodate over 

85 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


300 guests ; and being the central point of a most romantic and 
beautiful region, is a great favorite with summer visitois. Mount 
Mansfield is reached by stages, which leave the hotel as often as 
may be necessary, carrying their loads to the summit of the 
mountain. The road, soon after reaching the base of the moun¬ 
tain, is overshadowed by trees so that no extensive view is ob¬ 
tained until the Half-way House, with its ice-cold spring, is 
reached. From this point the ascent was formerly made on foot 
or horseback; but now a turnpike is constructed the remainder 
of the distance to the Summit House, and passengers are carried 
in stages or carriages to the very summit of the mountain. 

The most attractive view is obtained from that portion of the 
mountain known as the “Nose,” which is a short distance from 
the Summit House. This peak is 4,000 feet high, and the view 
from its top is one not easily forgotten. Description for one on 
the spot is futile ; but it may add to the interest if a few of the 
more notable ftatures are indicated, so that they can be recog¬ 
nized by the stranger. Northward may be seen the wide valley 
of the St. Lawrence, with the waters of the river visible at inter¬ 
vals. A little to the west of north is Mt. Royal, with the tin roofs 
of Montreal glittering in the sun at its base. Almost due north 
is the sharp blue summit of Jay Peak, and to the right of it Owl’s 
Head, and the range of hills bordering the west shore of Lake 
Memphremagog. Further to the right are the Willoughby Moun¬ 
tains. The view to the westward is filled by the Champlain 
Valley, bounded by the Adirondack Mountains beyond. Lake 
Champlain may be seen almost from Whitehall to Rouse’s Point, 
and forms a most beautiful item of the landscape. Southward 
are Killington Peak, Ascutney, and, comparatively near by, Camel’s 
Hump. In this direction the Green Mountain range breaks the 
horizon with its multitude of rounded summits. Eastward are 
the White Mountains, sixty miles distant. The Chin is the highest 
peak of the mountain, being a little less than 400 feet higher than 
the Nose. The view from the top is substantially the same as 
that from the other and most frequented peak. The Summit 
House is fitted to receive about 100 guests, and is largely patron¬ 
ized during the summer months. 

From Stowe, which is a charming summer residence, many in- 

86 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


teresting excursions may be made to neighboring celebrities, 
among which are Smuggler’s Notch, a deep, narrow, and exceed¬ 
ingly wild gorge near Mt. Mansfield, Bingham’s Falls, Moss Glen 
Falls, and many other romantic and interesting places—all within 
a radius of ten miles from the Mansfield House. 

RIDLEY’S STATION, 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 222 m.fr. Boston. 

This station is in a region thinly inhabited. Just before reach¬ 
ing the station, a wild and rocky scene opens to the northward. 
It is best seen while going towards Waterbury, rather than from 
it. This place is known as Bolton Falls. The wagon road from 
Waterbury to Bolton passes near by, and furnishes a favorite drive 
for those who are fortunate enough to spend any time in the vi¬ 
cinity. Beyond Ridley’s a constant succession of river pictures 
may be seen on the south side of the track, while ranges of wild 
and picturesque rocks rear themselves on the northern side. The 
tourist wishing to visit Camel’s Hump, can reach it most con¬ 
veniently from this station, where teams may be procured which 
will take him three miles up the mountain, to the end of the 
wagon road, beyond which point the ascent is made on foot or 
horseback. About a mile from the summit is a small house where 
visitors can obtain temporary shelter and refreshment. The view 
from Camel’s Hump is similar to that from Mt. Mansfield. Its 
height is 4,083 feet. 

Passing Bolton, Chittenden Co., Vermont, 225 miles from Boston 
—hotel, Bolton House—surrounded by high hills and towering 
precipices, pretty much shut off from the rest of the world; 
Mt. Mansfield, looking over the shoulders of intervening hills into 
the nook where the village nestles, with its church and white 
houses, and a clear brook falls into the Winooski, near the station ; 
and Jones’ Station, 228 miles from Boston, whence are stages 
daily to Huntington. Harrisburg, and Underhill Centre, another 
village among the hills, we come to 

RICHMOND, 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 231 m. fr. Boston. Stages to Huntington. 

Hotel —Richmond Hotel. 

As the railway approaches Richmond, the country becomes more 
open, and is evidently richer in agricultural products than the 

87 


VAN NESS HOUSE, Burlington, Vt. 

D. C. BARBER &i CO., Proprietors. 

Hie Van Ness? House is & fine hotel, central In location, with a beautiful outlook upon Lake Champlain and the Adirondack 
Honnta/n*. It is the lAnrest hotel in Burlington* and will rank ns one of the bc6t hotels in New Kmrlana. 
































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


narrow though fertile valleys. Next to St. Alban’s, it sends to 
the Boston market the largest quantity of butter and cheese of 
any town in the State. The Winooski flows near the village. 
The village contains a fine modern school-house, several churches, 
and a Masonic Hall. 

The town lies just where the Winooski Valley opens into that 
of Lake Champlain, and combines in a most attractive manner 
the beauties of mountain and meadow. Leaving the station, the 
track crosses the Winooski on a bridge 600 feet long. 

WILLISTON, 

Chittenden Co ., Vt. , 236 in. fr. Boston. 

As the railway leaves the mountains, the view becomes more 
extended; and from the northern or right-hand side of the ear 
the noble outlines of rounded summits can be seen, while on the 
opposite side the distant Adirondacks soon come in sight, beyond 
Lake Champlain. Williston is a farming town. Beyond the 
station we again cross the Winooski, and from the bridge obtain 
a full view of Mt. Mansfield and Camel’s Hump. These two 
mountains are in sight at intervals, for many miles on this portion 
of the railway, and the rather ill-proportioned human profile 
of Mt. Mansfield may be seen to the best advantage. 

ESSEX JUNCTION, 

Chittenden Co ., Vt., 239 m. fr. Boston. Stages to Jericho, Un¬ 
derhill , Mt. Mansfieldand Cambridge. Hotels.— Central 

and Junction Houses. 

This village is situated on an arid, sandy plain, and is chiefly 
inhabited by the employes of the railway. The Essex Branch to 
Burlington, Vt., diverges here. 


CENTRAL VERMONT RAILROAD. RUTLAND DIVISION. 

The Essex Branch Railway runs from Essex Junction to Bur¬ 
lington, a distance of eight miles, and follows the general course 
of the Winooski, affording fine views of the falls and rapids which 
abound in this part of the river. It is a part of the Rutland Di¬ 
vision of the Central Vermont Railroad, and makes immediate 
connections with all trains on the main line. 

88 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


WINOOSKI, 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 245 m. fr. Boston. 

Winooski Falls have some celebrity as one of the curiosities of 
the neighborhood, and are often visited by tourists stopping at 
Burlington. The village is near the falls, whose water-power 
serves to turn the machinery of manufactories and saw-mills. 
South of Winooski, on a hill may be seen the granite column which 
stands over the grave of Ethan Allen. 

BURLINGTON, 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 247 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 16,000. 

Hotel — Van Ness House. 

Burlington was incorporated as a city in 1866. It is delightfully 
situated on a hill which rises from the Lake Shore, and commands 
a wide view of water and landscape. Its heaviest business is in 
lumber, large quantities of which are brought from Canada, and 
from along the lake shores, and are shipped by rail to various mar¬ 
kets. Burlington is now the third lumber mart in the country, 
and the business is constantly increasing. It has cotton, flour, 
and rolling mills, etc. In the centre of the city is a large public 
square, containing a fountain and shade trees. Near by are the 
custom-house, city and county buildings, banks, and other busi¬ 
ness offices. 

The University of Vermont stands on the crest of the hill, over¬ 
looking the city. From the dome of the chief building an exten¬ 
sive and very beautiful view may be obtained, including the 
ranges of the Adirondack and Green Mountains, while Lake Cham¬ 
plain, with its bays and islands, stretches north and south as far 
as the eye can reach. The large island in front of Burlington is 
Juniper Island. To the south of this may be seen Rock Dunder, 
which is said to have excited the suspicions of the British Com¬ 
modore, while cruising here during the war with England, to such 
an extent that he opened fire upon it. Col. Ethan Allen, the gal¬ 
lant Vermonter, who with his Green Mountain Boys rendered such 
good service during the Revolution, was often in Burlington while 
living, and now lies in the Green Mountain Cemetry, near the city, 
where a granite monument has been erected by the State to per¬ 
petuate his memory. In the country surrounding the city are 
many romantic drives and walks; those leading along the Wi- 

89 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


nooski River and to Shelburne Point and harbor, are, perhaps, the 
most attractive. Mallett’s Bay, eight miles distant, is a beautiful 
Bheet of water celebrated for its bass and pike fishing. The drive 
to the bay is delightful. 

The best hotel is the Van Ness House, which contains one hun¬ 
dred commodious sleeping rooms, with private parlors, and other 
modem conveniences. The house is the largest in Burlington, 
and will rank as one of the most convenient and thoroughly ap¬ 
pointed houses in New England. The location, at the junction of 
St. Paul and Main streets, upon the Square, is elevated and prom¬ 
inent. A spacious promenade upon the roof is one of the great at¬ 
tractions of the house. The view from this elevation is remarka¬ 
bly extended, rich, and charming in all its varied features. The 
city and its environs, its numerous manufactures, its immense 
lumber interests, the Green Mountains, the Lake, the Adirondacks, 
combine to form an inimitable picture. Attached to the hotel is 
a large farm, from which the table is supplied twice each day with 
fresh milk, cream, vegetables, etc. A fine livery is connected 
with the house, and teams and drivers thoroughly acquainted with 
all points in the vicinity, of interest to the tourist, can be ob¬ 
tained at the hotel, promptly and reasonably. 

The steamboat wharf is close beside the railroad station, and 
here the traveler takes the boat for Plattsburg, N. Y., and the 
Adirondack Mountains. The scene at the crossing of the lake late 
in the afternoon, when the shifting hues of the sunset sky, and the 
more varied hues of the mirror below, as orange changes to gold, 
and gold to crimson, and crimson to purple, and this to brown and 
dark gray and blue, all colors so shaded and intermingled that none 
can be said to prevail alone, presents a view of enchanting beauty, 
full of delight to the lover of nature. Here, also, one may take 
steamer up the lake for Essex, Westport, Port Henry, Crown 
Point, Ticonderoga, and Lake George. The trip from Burlington 
to the upper end of Lake George is one of the most delightful 
pleasure-routes on the continent. 


Returning to the main line of the Central Vermont R.R. at 
Essex Junction, we pass to 


90 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


COLCHESTER, 

Chittenden Co., Vt.. 244 m. fr. Boston. Town pop. 4,000. 

The main village is half a mile west of the station, and the spire' 
of its church may be seen over the hill in that direction. The 
railway continues in sight of the Green Mountains, constantly 
changing views of which are to be seen on the one hand, while on 
the other Lake Champlain, with its islands and the Adirondacks 
beyond, are frequently in sight. 

MILTON. 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 251 m. fr. Boston. Town pop. 2,000. 

This prosperous village is situated on the Lamoille River, and is 
engaged in the lumber business to a considerable extent. The 
Great Falls of the Lamoille are within an easy walk from the rail¬ 
way, and are worthy of a visit, though somewhat disfigured by 
the “ improvements ” made for the purpose of controlling the 
water-power. The village, with its churches and dwellings, may 
be seen near the station, on the left. 

GEORGIA, 

Franklin Co., Vt., 255 m. fr. Boston. Stages to Fairfax and 
Fletcher. 

The New Hampshire Baptist Institution is situated at this vil¬ 
lage. The railway soon crosses the Lamoille River on a bridge 
which spans the stream at a giddy height. 

ST. ALBAN'S, 

Franklin Co., Vt., 265 m. fr. Boston. Town pop. 8,000. 

Hotel —Wdden House. 

St. Alban’s, the shire town of Franklin County, is built upon a 
gently sloping hill overlooking Lake Champlain, two miles distant. 
The lower part of the town in the vicinity of the railway station 
is level; but the land soon rises, and the principal business street, 
with the pleasantest part of the town, is on the hillside. Situa¬ 
ted in the midst of an unsurpassed grazing country, St. Alban’s is 
noted for its butter and cheese. Three hundred carloads of these 
two commodities are yearly shipped to the markets of Boston. 
It is said that $60,000 has been paid over for these two products 
in a single day. The public square, containing four acres, is an 
ornamental ground, laid out with walks and planted with shade- 
trees. Around it are the principal buildings of the town. 

91 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The principal hotel is the Welden House, named in honor of 
Jesse Welden, the pioneer white settler of the town, and situated 
on the public square in the centre of the town. «It is a large brick 
structure constructed on modem plans, and managed on the most 



liberal scale. The modern appurtenances, such as baths, gas, 
wardrobes, and annunciators are here found, and all its sleeping- 
rooms and parlors are large, commodious, and well furnished. The 
table is supplied with the most wholesome food, fresh from the 
surrounding farms, which are so celebrated for their excellent 
dairy products. Mineral waters from the celebrated Highgate, 
Sheldon, and Welden Springs, are furnished to the guests of this 
house. Mr. Thomas Lavender keeps the house in this liberal 

92 





























NORTHERN RESORTS. 


style, and has had large experience and knows how to keep a first- 
class hotel. 

The healthful climate, the pure air, the mineral springs, the 
delightful drives about St. Alban’s, and this excellent hotel, all 
combine to render St. Alban’s an unusually attractive Summer 
Resort. All who have visited St. Alban’s have heard of the magnifi¬ 
cent view from Aldis Hill, an elevation near the town. It com¬ 
mands the ranges of the Adirondack and Green Mountains, and a 
wide stretch of Lake Champlain. At the hour of sunset, on a 
calm evening, the beauty of the scene from this hill is entrancing. 

The heavy money transactions mentioned above have made the 
town the centre of banking business for the surrounding region, 
and three prosperous banks are in active operation. The money 
in the vaults of these institutions brought down upon the unsus¬ 
pecting citizens the famous raid of October 19, 1864. The war 
was then at its height; and, doubtless, on the morning of that 
eventful day, many a St. Albanian read in his morning paper of 
doings at the front, little thinking that his balance at the bank was 
destined, in a few hours, to be in the pocket of a rebel, mounted 
on a fleet Vermont horse, and crossing the Canada line. About 
three o’clock on the day mentioned, a squad of armed men 
appeared in the public square. Whence they came, no one could 
tell; but their plans were evidently laid with care ; for parties of 
three or four at once entered the banks, and presented orders 
which were cashed at sight, without the usual identification being 
insisted upon by the bank officials. About $200,000 was thus 
obtained. Collateral security was furnished in the persons of 
cashiers and treasurers, who were locked up in the vaults for 
safe-keeping. Meanwhile the remainder of the raiders were busy 
in selecting the best horses they could lay hands on, and in quar¬ 
antining any citizens who happened to be passing at the time, so 
as to prevent resistance. All this was accomplished in a few 
minutes, and the rebels galloped off towards Canada with their 
spoils. The raiders wounded three citizens, one of whom subse¬ 
quently died. A party was speedily organized and on the trail 
of the rebels, who were pursued into Canada, and there some of 
them were arrested. About $90,000 was recovered by the Cana¬ 
dian authorities and returned to the St. Alban’s banks. 

93 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The general offices of the Central Vermont Railway are at St. 
Alban’s, and the arrangements of the station and offices adjoining 
are well worth inspection. The passenger house is 300 feet long, 
and contains four tracks. Its broad platforms, convenient waiting- 
rooms and ticket offices, are worthy of admiration. An extensive 
wing—if it may so be called—adjoining the passenger house, con¬ 
tains the general offices. This building is most conveniently and 
elegantly arranged and furnished. It contains a reading-room, 
where all the leading periodicals and newspapers are kept for the 
use of officers and employes. As one walks through the spacious 
halls and rooms devoted to the various branches of railway busi¬ 
ness, he cannot but be impressed by the liberal policy which 
authorizes such complete arrangements. St. Alban’s Bay, on Lake 
Champlain, was formerly a business centre, but is now impor¬ 
tant only as the landing-place of the Lake Champlain steamers. 


EASTERN DIVISION OF CENTRAL VERMONT RAILROAD. 

The Missisquoi Railroad, now operated by the Central Vermont, 
was completed in 1871, and runs from St. Alban’s through Shel¬ 
don, Franklin, Enosburgh, Berkshire to Richford, Vt., a distance 
of 28 miles. Trains run to connect with the Central Vermont Rail¬ 
road at St. Alban’s. 

SHELDON SPRINGS, 

Franklin Co., Vt ., 9 m. fr. St. Alban's. Hotel — Congress Hotel. 

At this station is the celebrated Sheldon Springs, whose waters 
have effected so many noted cures of obstinate and chronic diseases. 

Two fine bathing houses have been erected, which are as con¬ 
venient and perfect in their fittings as can be found anywhere. 
Hot, cold and tepid baths are given at all hours of the day. 

Congress Hall hotel, owned by Dr. S. S. Fitch, 714 Broadway, 
N. Y., is three stories in height, situated near the Sheldon Springs, 
with wide piazzas to each story on the east, west, and north sides 
—in all six hundred and seventy-eight feet of piazzas, so that 
shade and out-door air can be had at all times of the day. 

In front of the house flows the Missisquoi River—the largest 
river in Vermont—and at this point is found a succession of falls, 
in all one hundred and nineteen feet. When at full banks it is 

94 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


an imposing river, and even at its lowest state the murmuring of 
the falling water is distinctly heard. From the piazzas of the 
house, fifty miles of the summits of the Green Mountains are 
visible, although they nowhere approach nearer than twenty miles. 
From an eminence near the house forty miles of Lake Champlain 
are visible : while from Dunton Hill, only one mile distant, about 
seventy miles of the Green Mountains come into full view. Lake 
Champlain, from Burlington to Canada, is seen, and far across the 
Lake the Adirondacks lift their heads; looking north, the spires 
of Montreal become visible. 

MISSISQUOI SPRINGS, 

Franklin Co ., Vt. 

This group of springs is about one mile in a northeasterly 
direction from the Sheldon Spring. There are thirteen of these 
springs, all located within the space of an acre of land, and 
possessed, apparently, of different mineral qualities, having dis¬ 
tinctive tastes and colors; and, so far as tried, proving unlike in 
their effect. The spring by which so many marvellous cures are 
reported to have been made is called “ Missisquoi,” and has been 
known in the neighborhood, for over half a century, as affording 
a remedy for cancer, scrofula, cutaneous affections, and the 
various diseases of the kidneys; even the so-called Bright’s dis¬ 
ease, it is asserted, succumbs to its curative properties. The 
Missisquoi Spring ranks among the foremost of the healing 
waters of the United States. Chemists, it is said, have found in 
it ingredients which no other water on this continent, yet dis¬ 
covered, is known to possess. 

SHELDON VILLAGE, 

FranJdin Co., Vt., 10 m. fr. 8t. Alban's. 

Hotels — Bellevue , Portland House, and Central Hotel. 

This small but very pleasant village is divided by the Missisquoi 
River, which flows through the centre of the town. It is about 
2 miles east of the Missisquoi and Sheldon Springs, and contains 
one or two mills, two churches, and several hotels and boarding¬ 
houses. The hotels are situated on high ground on the north and 
south sides of the river, and command very delightful views of 
the village and surrounding country. Visitors will find any of 

95 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


these hotels very comfortable and pleasant homes, and receive 
very polite attention from the proprietors. The terms are very 
moderate, and varied according to rooms and length of occupancy. 

CENTRAL SPRING 

is at Sheldon village, on the east side of the creek, and possesses 
very fine mineral properties of the same general character as the 
Missisquoi, though stronger and more effective, and some of the 
properties of the Saratoga and Ballston Springs. It is particularly 
adapted to cure cancer, scrofula, pulmonary affections, cutaneous 
diseases, dyspepsia, rheumatism, etc. It is only a short distance 
from all the hotels and boarding-houses of the village. 

THE VERMONT SPRING 

was discovered in 1867 by Mr, E. Newton, while at work on his 
farm. In drinking, he noticed a slight mineral taste and odor ; 
and, continuing it day after day, he found himself recovering 
from a serious kidney difficulty from which he had suffered for 
many years. Upon analysis by chemists the waters were found 
to possess valuable mineral properties, similar in effect and 
character to the other springs in Sheldon. 

Passing North Sheldon, a station surrounded by a rich agricul¬ 
tural district, East Franklin, a country devoted principally to 
dairying and grazing; Enosburgh Falls, 18 miles from St. Alban’s, 
population 300, where are very pretty water-falls in the Missisquoi 
Itiver, affording superior water power for manufacturing; North 
Enosburgh, East Berkshire, all rural stations, we come to 

RICHFORD, 

Franklin Go ., Vt ., 28 m.fr. St. Alban's. 

This is the present terminus of the Missisquoi Railroad. At the 
village, the Missisquoi River makes a fall of several feet; thus 
affording very superior water power, which has been improved 
by several mills and factories which are in operation in the village. 


EAST SWANTON, 

Franklin Co ., Vt., 274 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 3,000. 
Here we resume the main Central Vermont route. 

Soon after passing Swanton Junction, where trains to Rouse’s 
Point and Ogdensburgh diverge, we reach East Swanton, crossing 

96 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


the Missisquoi River before reaching the station. The village is 
of moderate size, and most of the inhabitants are farmers. 

HIGHGATE SPRINGS. 

Franklin Co ., Vt.> 278 m.fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,300. 

The Springs at this station are within a few rods of the rail¬ 
way, and one is tempted to try and taste the waters while the 
train is waiting. The Franklin House is an excellent hotel, and 
the vicinity of the Springs makes it a very pleasant resort. 

We cross the Canada line just before reaching St. Armand, 
Iberville Parish, Quebec Pr., Can., 282 miles from Boston, and 
pass to Moore’s, in a level country, 284 miles from Boston. Jay 
Peak and the Memphremagog Mountains to the eastward are 
visible ; and to Stanbridge, 289 miles from Boston, a fine village, 
composed for the most part of dwelling-houses. Two miles east 
of the station is Bradford, another pretty village, containing sev¬ 
eral mills, a foundry, and 2 churches. East Stanbridge, 3 miles 
east of Bradford, is also a flourishing village of about 250 inhabit¬ 
ants. Stages run from Stanbridge Station to both these villages. 

Des Rivieres, 292 miles from Boston, a village on Pike River, a 
small stream affording water-power for saw-mills below the sta¬ 
tion, and St. Alexandre, 299 miles from Boston, are small places. 

STANSTEAD, SHEFFORD, AND CHAMBLY JUNCTION. 

305 m. fr. Boston. 

At this station connections are made with the Stanstead, Shef- 
ford, and Chambly Railway, to Waterloo, 43 miles, distant 20 miles 
from Lake Memphremagog. 

ST. JOHN’S, 

St. John's Parish , Quebec Pr ., Can., 308 m. fr. Boston. Fr. 

Montreal , 20. Pop. 4,070. 

The railway crosses the Richelieu or Sorrel River, just before 
reaching this station. This stream is the outlet of Lake Cham¬ 
plain, and falls into the St. Lawrence 40 miles below Montreal. 
It is navigable for its whole length, with the exception of certain 
rapids, which are passed by means of canals and locks. The town 
is on the west bank of the river, and has manufactories of iron, 
leather, pottery, etc. 

5 


97 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


LACADIE AND BROSSEAUS, 

316 m. fr. Boston. 

These are small and unimportant villages, the inhabitants of 
which are chiefly farmers, who send the products of their labor 
to the Montreal markets. The former place is on Montreal River. 

ST. LAMBERT, 

St. John's Parish , Dominion of Canada . 318 m. fr. Bostan. 

This station is opposite Montreal, and at the eastern end of 
Victoria Bridge, which is nearly 2 miles long. It is built on the 
tubular plan, and rests on 2 abutments and 24 piers. It cost 
$6,300,000. Entering the bridge, but little can be seen except¬ 
ing iron plates and braces, until after a space of 6 to 10 minutes 
the train emerges from the western end of the bridge, and follow¬ 
ing a descending grade soon reaches the level of the streets, and 
in a few minutes enters Bonaventure Street, at Montreal Depot. 
For description of Montreal, see page 115. 

98 


WHITE'S HOTEL, 

MASSENA VILLAGE, N. Y. 

H. B. WHITE, - - - - Proprietor. 

One Mile from Massena Springs, on Grass River; Two Miles from 
the St. Lawrence. 

Tils is one of toe Finest Hotel Buildings in Nortlern Hew York, 

FINE AIRY ROOMS, 

GOOD TABLE, AND EVERY ATTENTION PAID TO COMFORT OF GUESTS 

Board from $8 to $14 per Week. 


Carriages to Springs free, and fresh Spring Water constantly on hand. _^3l 








AUSABLE CHASM 




tl /f |f 







































OGDENSBURG AND LAKE CHAMPLAIN R. R. 

House's Point to Ogdensburg, 118 miles. 

Rouse’s Point is the eastern terminus of this R. R. The road 
derives its chief importance from its being- the link that connects 
the traffic of the East and West, which passes over the long line of 
water communication between Chicago and Ogdensburg and over 
the Central R. R. of Vermont. Ogdensburg, the western terminus, 
is besides an important point of departure by steamer for Mon¬ 
treal and Quebec, and ail points on the lakes or the St. Lawrence, 
and also by Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg R.R. for all points 
south. As we pass west from Rouse’s Point, space permits a 
mention of a few places only. Champlain, on the Great Chazy 
River has good water-power and navigation to Lake Champlain to 
which it chiefly owes its prosperity. Mooer’s Junction is where 
this R. R. connects with the Montreal and Plattsburg R. R. 
Chateaugay is an interesting place from its extended views, its 
proximity to Chateaugay Lake, the source of the river of the 
same name, and that portion of the north woods known as the 
Chateaugay woods. There are also very interesting springs, falls, 
and picturesque scenery near. Malone is the county town of 
Franklin Co., on the Salmon River. It has beautiful streets and 
handsome public and private buildings. The Franklin Academy 
is here. The R. R. depot is a large and handsome brick struc¬ 
ture, and the hotel is fine and well kept. The Saranac lakes and 
hunting grounds are easily reached from Malone. Brasher Falls 
is the station nearest to Massena Springs, five miles distant, to 
which stages run from Dunton’s Hotel twice daily, Sundays ex¬ 
cepted, during the pleasure season. Massena Springs is a popular 
resort. The water is sulphurous in character and possesses 
valuable medicinal properties. The village is neat, and in the 
season of pleasure travel, is gay and lively with guests. There 
are several springs, of which St. Regis is the chief. White’s 
Hotel is a good house, and tourists and visitors at the springs will 
find much here to minister to their comfort and delight. At 
Potsdam Junction the Potsdam Branch of the Rome, Watertown 
aud Ogdensburg R. R. diverges for Rome and all points East, 
South and West. Potsdam is 4 miles south of the Junction. 
Ogdensburg, on the St. Lawrence River and at the mouth of the 

99 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Oswegatchie River, is a town of about 12,000 inhabitants, a 
U. S. port of entry and delivery, and a town of great commercial 
importance. It is handsomely laid out on a hillside and plateau, 
just at the mouth of the Oswegatchie, whose water drives the 
machinery of its factories and mills. Its custom-houpe and post- 
office, built of Ohio sandstone, at a cost of $200,000, is a fine 
structure. The city has many fine private residences along the 
east bank of the Oswegatchie. The main street is lined with 
well-built stores, banks, and public buildings. The business of 
the place is large. A steam ferry connects the city with Prescott, 
on the opposite shore of the river St. Lawrence and with the 
Grand Trunk R. R. and the Ottowa and Prescott R. R. of Canada. 
Steamers of the Richlieu and Ontario Navigation Co. and Pro¬ 
pellers of the Northern Transportation Co., and other steamers 
run up and down the St. Lawrence to the Thousand Islands, con¬ 
necting with the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain, and the Rome, 
Watertown and Ogdensburg R. Rs., and at Morrisville, 11 miles 
from Ogdensburg, with trains on the Black River R. R. for 
Watertown, Lowville, Trenton Falls, Utica, etc. 

100 






ENTRANCE TO THE FLUME, AU SABLE CHASM, N. Y. 



























NORTHERN RESORTS . 


Lake Champlain. 

/^UR first introduction to this beautiful sheet of water, 
in approaching from the eastward, is near Rich¬ 
mond, Vt., where for the first time we look across its 
valley and see the noble range of the Adirondacks from 
base to summit. From this point to Burlington, where 
we take the boat, a seat on the left, or west side of the 
car, will enable the traveller to catch frequent and 
charming glimpses of lake and mountain. 

Lake Champlain was discovered in 1609—the same 
year that Hendrick Hudson, with his sturdy crew, anchored 
the “ Half-Moon” in New York Harbor. Samuel Cham¬ 
plain, with two white followers, under the guidance of a 
party of Indians, was the discoverer, and the lake is a 
lasting memorial of his enterprise, even as the Hudson River 
preserves the name and fame of Hendrick, its explorer. 
It is curious that the extreme north and south points of 
the Empire State were discovered in the same year, and 
still preserve in their vicinity marked traces of the French 
and Dutch, who were their first settlers. 

The first account that we have of Lake Champlain is 
the history of the warlike expedition on which Champlain 
went, with his Indian guides, against the Iroquois; and 
from that time until the close of the last war with Eng¬ 
land the lake was often the scene of confli&s between 
Indians, or French, or English, or Americans, or all four 
together. The most important battle was that of Platts- 
burg, which took place on September 11, 1814. The 
American and British fleets were engaged in a fierce 
fight on the lake, while their respettive armies were at the 
same time in action on shore, close at hand. This double 
combat ended in the total defeat of the British, and was 
one of the most hotly-contested battles of the war. A 




















NORTHERN RESORTS. 


more particular account of this engagement may be fou*<3 
under the sketch of Plattsburg (page 41). 

Plattsburg is but one of the many places on the lake 
which are of great historic interest. During the “ Old 
French War,” while France still held possession of the 
Canadas, the English maintained garrisons along the 
shores, and flotillas on the water. These two great Euro¬ 
pean Powers brought their ancient feuds across the At¬ 
lantic with them, and were constantly seeking one another’s 
destru&ion. The horrors of this desultory warfare were 
increased by the barbarities perpetrated by the Indian 
allies of both parties. Crown Point and Ticonderoga, 
near the outlet of Lake George, are both famous—the 
latter as the site of the old fort, which was captured, with 
its British garrison, by Ethan Allen and his brave Green 
Mountain Boys. 

Valcour Island, a few miles south of Plattsburg, is near 
the scene of Arnold’s disastrous engagement with the 
British, in 1776. That gallant officer then stood high in 
public estimation, and on this occasion fully sustained his 
reputation for skill and bravery, in covering the retreat of 
his flotilla. The battles of Bennington and Hubbardston, 
and the line of Burgoyne’s march, were all on or near the 
shores of Lake Champlain, and add a never-dying inter¬ 
est to the magnificent scenery which surrounds it. 

Lake Champlain is 150 miles long, and varies in width 
from a few hundred.yards to thirteen miles. Its waters 
are clear, deep and cold, and it is well stocked with fish 
of various kinds, affording excellent sport for the angler. 
In the spring and fall thousands of wild ducks make this 
their feeding ground, and the wild lands west of the lake 
abound with all kinds of game. 

For purposes of commerce the lake is of great conse¬ 
quence. Its depth is, in some places, 300 feet, so that 

1C2 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


vessels of heavy burden can navigate its waters. Large 
quantities of lumber are annually delivered at its ports, 
Burlington, Vt., being the principal market. 

Lake George is connected with Lake Champlain both 
geographically and historically, being joined to it by a 
narrow outlet, not navigable on account of its rapids, and 
having been the scene of many battles, sieges, and 
massacres, during the wars of early times. 

The most memorable of these is the fearful massacre 
at Fort William Henry, where a hotel of the same name 
now stands. The fort was occupied by an English garri¬ 
son, under command of Col. Monroe, which for several 
days bravely resisted the attack of a greatly superior 
force of French and Indians, but was finally obliged to 
surrender. The terms of capitulation were, that the gar¬ 
rison should be permitted to march out with the honors 
of war, taking with them certain specified stores. An 
escort was to be furnished them to Fort Edward. As 
soon as they were fairly out of the fort the Indians, re¬ 
gardless of the terms of surrender, fell upon them, and an 
indiscriminate massacre ensued, the French taking no 
steps to prevent it. It is estimated that 1,500 persons 
were thus murdered. 

The battle of Lake George took place near the head of 
the lake in 1755. The contending parties were French 
and English, under Baron Dieskau and Sir William John¬ 
son. The French were defeated, and their commander 
was among the killed. Lake George is justly celebrated 
for its beautiful scenery, its transparent waters, and fine 
fish. The lake is thirty-six miles long, and about three 
miles broad at its widest part. Some of the most thrill¬ 
ing scenes in Cooper’s novel, “ The Last of the Mohicans, 
are laid in the vicinity of “ The Horiconf as the Indian! 
are said to have called this beautiful lake. 

103 



CATHEDRAL ROCK, AU SABLE CHASM, N. Y. 














NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The Adirondack Mountains. 

I N crossing Lake Champlain, and while following its 
eastern shores on the railway, the traveller is constant¬ 
ly in sight of the mysterious wild region of northern New 
York. The line of blue summits against the western sky 
is in the heart of this region, and any one who is ac¬ 
quainted with the mountains can readily point out Taha- 
•wus , Whiteface, and others of the great mountain brother¬ 
hood, which watches over the country from Ontario to the 
Green Mountains. This wilderness is nearly a hundred 
miles in diameter, and is nominally divided into several 
trails, such as The Saranacs , the Chateaugay, etc. The 
Adirondacks are, properly, the mountainous region occu¬ 
pying the eastern part of the wilderness, but the name 
is often used in referring to the whole uninhabited dis¬ 
trict. Notwithstanding the numerous hunters and fisher¬ 
men who annually go into the woods, game and fish are 
still abundant. Deer are protected by law during the 
breeding season, and, as their natural foes the panther, 
the bear, and the wolf, are outlawed by common consent, 
they are rather increasing in number. They are, how¬ 
ever, becoming very shy, and much caution is necessary 
in hunting them. 

The whole Adirondack region is intersected and divei- 
sified by a network of lakes and streams, which render i< 
picturesque and beautiful in an almost unequalled degree 
These systems of water communication afford very con¬ 
venient means of transit for hunters and pleasure-seekers, 
the lakes being connected by streams, in some cases navi¬ 
gable for batteaux, and in others broken by falls and rap¬ 
ids, around which boats and luggage must be carried. 

104 



BENT IN EL AND TABLE ROCK, AC SABLE CHASM, N. Y, 




















NORTHERN RESORTS . 


Iron is found in large quantities among the mountain* 
*nd some of the most accessible beds of ore are profit* 
ably worked. Marble is also found, of a valuable quality. 

It is probable that a large portion of this tra< 5 t will always 
be wild and almost uninhabited, save by the hunter or 
pleasure-seeker, for it is so inaccessible that the traffic 
which invites a large population could hardly ever reach 
its central portions, even if the land were sufficiently fer¬ 
tile and easily cultivated to invite settlers. 

The wilderness may be easily reached from Plattsburg 
by several different routes, partly by carriage-roads and 
partly by boats, which latter will convey the tourist to 
almost any part of the woods which he wishes to visit. 
Another favorite route to the woods is from Port Kent, 
whence stages convey the tourist to Keeseville, Au Sable 
Forks, and the Saranac Lakes, whence by boats and “ car¬ 
ries ” he can penetrate to the heart of the vvildernes*. 

105 

MEMPHREMAG-OG- HOUSE. 



NEWPORT, Vt. 

BUCK & ROBINSON, Proprietors. 

This first-class’*and finely-appointed house is now open for the sea®on. Has 
ample accommodations for 300 guests. This section possesses all the remedial 
features so much desired by hay fever and asthmatic sufferers. Beautiful lake 
and mountain scenery. 

The view from the piazzas of the hotel is enchanting. Rooms large or small, 
and rooms en suite may be secured by early application. The Proprietors will 
spare no efforts to maintain for the house its well-known reputation. 






HORSESHOE AND BIRMINGHAM FALLS, 
AU SABLE CHASM, N. Y. 

























THE BASIN, AU SABLE CHASM, N. Y. 






















NORTHERN RESORTS. 


CONNECTICUT AND PASSUMPSIC RIVERS 
RAILWAYS. 

White River Junction to Derbe, 110 miles. 

This railway is an important one. extending- as it does through 
the beautiful valleys of the Connecticut and Passumpsic Rivers, 
from White River Junction to North Derbe on the Canada line, 
where it connects with the Massawippi Railroad to Sherbrooke 
and points north. It connects at White River Junction with 
trains to and from New York over the Central Vermont and Con¬ 
necticut River Railroads, via Springfield ; with trains to and from 
Boston over the Northern N. H. Railroad, via Concord, N. H. ; 
with trains to and from Montreal over the Central Vermont 
Railroad, via Montpelier, Vt., and with trains to and from 
Woodstock, Vt. At Well* River it connects with the Boston, Con¬ 
cord, Montreal and White Mountain R. R. (see pages 74 and 107 ), 
and with Wells River and Montpelier Railroads. At St. Johns- 
bury it connects with the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad ; and 
at Newport, in summer, with steamer u Lady of the Lake,” on 
Lake Memphremagog for Magog, Canada, where stages run for 
Sherbrooke, on the Grand Trunk Railroad. At Newport, also, con¬ 
nection is made with the South-eastern Canada Railroad to 
Richford, 73 miles, and thence to Montreal. 

NORWICH AND HANOVER, 

Windsor Co ., Vt., 148 m.fr. Boston. 

Soon after leaving the Junction we cross the limpid White 
River near its mouth, and our course is through the rich and 
beautiful Valley of the Connecticut. 

Norwich village is about three-fourths of a mile west of the 
station, surrounded by high hills and romantic scenery. It is the 
seat of the Norwich University, founded in 1834 , the main build¬ 
ing of which was burned in 1866 . 

Hanover is directly opposite, in New Hampshire. A bridge con¬ 
nects it with Norwich, and is the only free bridge across the Con¬ 
necticut. It has a fine situation on an elevated plain, 180 feet 
above the level of the river. In the centre is a square of about 

106 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


twelve acres, around which stand the principal dwellings and the 
buildings of Dartmouth College. This institution was founded 
in 1769, and received its name from William, Earl of Dartmouth. 
Here some of America’s greatest scholars and statesmen received 
their early education, among whom are the names of Webster, 
Choate, Woodbury, and Chase. Connected with it is a flourish¬ 
ing medical school. 

POMPANOOSUC, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 154 m. fr. Boston. 

Formerly called Ompompanoosuc, the ‘ ‘ Indian name given to 
a little stream that you cross before reaching the station, and sig¬ 
nifying the place where onions are found.” Large quantities of 
copperas ore are sent from this station to Philadelphia and Eng¬ 
land, from which sulphuric acid is manufactured. North of the 
station are fine views of Moose Hillock and Bald Mountain. 

THETFORD,' 

Orange Co., Vt., 159 m. fr. Boston. 

The village of Thetford is about a mile west of the station. 

Lyme is on the cast side of the river, in New Hampshire. We 
pass hastily North Thetford, Orange Co., Vt., 161 miles from 
Boston, interesting only for the copper mining near, and Fairlee 
and Orford, 166 miles from Boston, a station near a stream tribu¬ 
tary to the Connecticut, and in full view of a huge ledge of rocks 
on the west, and of Smart’s, Cuba and Sunday Mountains on the 
east. 

BRADFORD, 

Orange Co., Vt., YlZm.fr. Boston. 

Here passengers for Topsham, Corinth, Orange, Washington, and 
Piermont leave the train, taking stage lines. This is the second 
town in importance on the route from White River Junction to 
Newport. White River furnishes good water-power, which is used 
in manufactories of iron, woolen, starch, etc. Here was manu¬ 
factured in 1812, the first artificial globe made in the United 
States. North of Bradford you come in sight of the village of 
Haverhill, situated on a hill overlooking the valley; and to the 
east, Moose Hillock, Sugar-Loaf, and Black Mountains appear. 

Passing South Newberry we come to 

• 107 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


NEWBURY, 

Orange Go., Vt., 180 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,500. 

Is an old town, and one of the most attractive in the Upper 
Connecticut Valley. The village is on the left of the railroad, 
upon a terrace nearly 100 feet above the meadows. It is much 
frequented for its celebrated Sulphur Springs, and the grand and 
beautiful scenery it commands, which resembles that from Mount 
Holyoke, in Massachusetts, in its extent and variety. Mount Pu¬ 
laski, in the rear of the town, is easy of access. Franconia Moun¬ 
tains are seen in the distance to the north-east, and on a clear day 
the Notch, through which tourists pass to the White Mountains. 
The Great Ox Bow is north of the village, where the river makes 
a sharp turn out of a direct course to the east, and then by an¬ 
other, equally abrupt, to the west, pursues its way southward, 
bounded by magnificent meadows. 

WELLS RIVER, 

Orange Co., Vt., 184 m. fr. Boston. 

At the mouth of the Wells River is a pleasant village of con¬ 
siderable activity, containing a bank and various manufactories, 
for which the Wells River affords a good water-power. It is the 
junction of the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad with the 
Connecticut and Passumpsic Rivers Railroad, and with Montpelier 
and Wells River Railroad. 

RYEGATE, 

CcH.edonia Co., Vt., 188 m. fr. Boston. 

Soon after leaving Wells River, the blue summits of the White 
Mountains are hidden by intervening hills, and we reach Ryegate, 
a town of about 1,000 inhabitants. A seat on the east side of the 
car will enable the traveller to enjoy a series of the most charm¬ 
ing river views imaginable. The first of these is seen soon after 
leaving the station. 

McINDOE’S FALLS, 

Caledonia Co., Vt., 192 m. fr. Boston. 

Just south of the station are the falls giving the name to the 
station, and a fine water-power for a large business done here. 
Soon the railroad emerges from a cutting upon lovely river views. 
Close at hand is a picturesque, rock-bound cove, across whose en¬ 
trance is stretched a boom, within which large quantities of logs 
may often be seen awaiting their turn to furnish food for the 

108 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


mills below. A few miles further on, we pass Beard’s Falls, 
similar in character to those we have just seen, and before long 
leave the valley of the Connecticut, which may be seen opening 
through the hills to the eastward. Opposite to the railroad, at 
this point and below, several large islands will be noticed. They 
are said to be twenty-one in number. One of them, “ Gold 
Island,” was vainly searched, some years since, for treasure sup¬ 
posed to have been buried by Indians. The treasure still remains 
concealed. Above these islands is the foot of “Fifteen Mile 
Falls.” The foam-flecked water is, however, the only evidence 
of falls to be seen from the cars. The mouth of the Passumpsic 
River may now be seen east of the railway. At this point we 
enter a more rugged and mountainous region than that through 
which the road has thus far passed. 

Just naming Barnet, Norrisville, and Passumpsic, we come to 
ST. JOHNSBURY, 

Caledonia Co., Vt., 205 rn. fr. Boston. Pop. 4,000. Hotels— 
Passumpsic and St. Johnsbury. Stages to North Danville and 
Waterford. 

This beautiful shire town is situated near the union of Sleeper’s 
River with the Passumpsic. It is scattered over several hills and 
valleys, and is the most important place in this pare of the State. 
The principal street and most important buildings are upon a level 
space known as the “ Plain.” The Court-House is a large and 
handsome structure of brick, standing in a shaded square, which 
occupies the summit of a slight eminence. 

Directly in front of the Court-House stands the recently erected 
Soldiers’ Monument. It consists of a massive pedestal of Ver¬ 
mont marble, on the sides of which are carved the names of 
eighty-one men from St. Johnsbury, who lost their lives in the 
army during the late war. This pedestal is surmounted by a 
statue of America, by Larkin G. Meade, the well-known sculptor. 
N ot far distant is a new library building, erected by the liberality 
of Horace Fairbanks. 

The St. Johnsbury Academy, presented to the town by Mr. 
Thaddeus Fairbanks, is reputed to be the best equipped school 
building in Vermont. The building cost $50,000, and was dedi¬ 
cated October 31, 1873. The style of architecture is the Nor- 

109 


St. Joonsbury Academy, St. Johnsbury, Vt. 








































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS . 


man-Gothic. The institution is ably conducted by its present 
principal, the Rev. H. T. Fuller, an efficient teacher and excel¬ 
lent gentleman. 

All through the village, and particularly in the southern part 
of it, are comfortable and elegant houses, surrounded by tasteful 
gardens and pleasure-grounds. Conspicuous among these are the 
dwellings of the Messrs. Fairbanks, of the great scale company, 
to which St. Johnsbury owes much of its wealth, prosperity, and 
beauty. The scale factory is situated on Sleeper’s River. The 
invention, which gave a start to this great business, was made by 
Mr. Thaddeus Fairbanks, in 1829, and was soon after patented. 
Now Fairbanks’ scales are known and used all over the world. 
Besides the scale factory, St. Johnsbury contains file-works, 
founderies, and manufactories of sashes, blinds, and furniture. 

The Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad runs through this town. 
A view from Reservoir Hill repays one for the ascent, with a 
rare picture of grand mountains, quiet rivers, fertile hills and 
vales, utilized by labor and beautified by art. 

ST. JOHNSBURY CENTRE, 

Caledonia Co ., Vt. , 207 m. fr. Boston. 

This is a small village in an agricultural region, built principally 
along the left bank of the Passumpsic River, on the right bank of 
which is the railroad. About two miles beyond the station a 
white wooden house may be seen on the right of the track, in 
front of which stands a large elm tree. This tree was planted by 
Mr. Elkanah Cobb, a soldier of the Revolution and of the war of 
1812. When returning from the battle of Plattsburg, Mr. Cobb 
cut a sapling, and on reaching home set it out in his door-yard. 
The sapling took root, and grew into the noble tree which now 
overshadows the old soldier’s former home, and serves as a me¬ 
mento of the early days of the Republic. 

LYNDON, 

Caledonia Co., Vt., 213 m. fr. Boston. Town pop. 2,500. Stages 
daily to Wheelock, Sheffield, and Island Pond; connect with 
mail train. 

This town was surveyed before any of its neighbors, and was 
laid out in a square. Its soil is fertile, and very productive. 
There are three villages, through or near all of which the railroad 

110 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


passes. The southernmost is Lyndon Corners, that further west 
is Lyndon Centre, and that at the station is Lyndonville. At 
this latter village are the general offices and repair shops of the 
Connecticut and Passumpsic Rivers Railway. 

In the southern part of the town are the Great Falls in the 
Passumpsic, 65 feet in height ; and a mile above them Little 
Falls, 18 feet in height. Both of these may be partially seen 
from the car windows. A fine view of Burke Mountain, 3,500 
feet high, may be obtained from the hill near the station. 

Passing Folsom’s, 215 miles from Boston, we come to West 
Burke, 221 miles from Boston, where stages leave for Lake Wil¬ 
loughby, six miles distant, between two high mountains which 
rise abruptly from the water. The lake is so deep that no trust¬ 
worthy measurement has as yet been made. Trout abound in 
its waters, and the scenery from almost any part of its surface is 
enchanting beyond description. The Willoughby Lake House has 
accommodations for about 100 guests. 

So peculiar is the charm of this lake and valley between the 
Willoughby Mountains, that few turn their backs upon it, to re¬ 
turn to the every-day world, without a feeling of regret. 

SOUTH BARTON, 

Orleans Co ., Vt., 229 m. fr. Boston. 

This station is called the Summit, being near the dividing ridge 
between the Connecticut and the St. Lawrence. At this station a 
superb view opens of the Jay Peak range, and of the mountains 
around Lake Memphremagog. Jay Peak may be known by its 
very sharp summit, which is 4,000 feet high. The broad valley, 
with its lakes and woods, bounded by towering hills and moun¬ 
tains, forms a picture which excites the traveler’s admiration. 

Barton, 234 miles from Boston, named after Gen. William Bar¬ 
ton, of Rhode Isand, to whom it was granted in 1781, is a village 
just at the lower end of Crystal Lake, whose surplus waters are 
here used for various mills. This was the scene of a great disas¬ 
ter in 1810, occasioned by the draining of Long Pond into Mud 
Pond, the source of Barton River, overflowing it and causing the 
loss of much property along its course. Stages for Hardwick 
and Glover leave daily. 

We pass Barton Landing, 239 miles from Boston, said to have 

111 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


formerly been a place for smugglers, through woods to the up¬ 
per end of Lake Memphremagog, which is here little more than a 
stream. Then Coventry, 244 miles from Boston, originally settled 
by people from Coventry, Connecticut. Barton and Black Rivers 
here furnish water power for a few mills and factories. 

NEWPORT. 

Orleans Co ., Vt., 249 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,200. Hotel— 
Memphremagog House. Stages daily to North and South 
Troy. Tri-weekly to Charleston. 

Newport is beautifully situated on a gentle sloping hillside, 
near the southern end of Lake Memphremagog, and at one of the 
pleasantest parts of the whole lake. The “ Memphremagog 
House ” is by the side of the track, and, in fact, contains the sta¬ 
tion. It is an excellent hotel, and its piazzas command an unsur¬ 
passed view of the lake and mountains. Here is the best place 
for the traveler to make his headquarters while in the vicinity of 
the lake. All the places of interest can readily be reached either 
by land or water. The visitor should ascend Prospect Hill, which 
is only a few minutes’ walk from tbe hotel. From thence he will 
obtain an excellent general idea of the lake and its surroundings. 
Pickerel Point and Newport lie close at hand in the view, and 
the lake stretches beyond. 

Connections at Newport are made with Montreal by the South- 
Eastern Canada Railroad; via Richford and St.John’s, or by 
steamer over Lake Memphremagog to Magog, thence by stage 16 
miles to Sherbrooke on the Grand Trunk Railroad; or by the Mas- 
sawippi Valley Railroad; to Sherbrooke and thence via Richmond 
to Montreal and Quebec. 


LAKE MEMPHREMAGOG. 

Lake Memphremagog, or “ Magog,” as it is called by the 
neighboring inhabitants, has been a popular place of resort for 
many years, and was well known even before the railway was 
built. Increased facilities of travel and excellent hotel accommo¬ 
dations have combined to render the lake a very attractive place 
of sojourn for tourists and pleasure-seekers. The lake is 30 miles 
long and averages about 2 miles in width. It extends in a curve 

112 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


following the mountain range from Coventry Vt., to Magog, Can¬ 
ada. About one-third of the lake is in Vermont. 

The iron steamer “Lady of the Lake,” Capt. Fogg, makes 
daily trips down the lake and back, leaving Newport at 7.15 A.M., 
and returning in time for supper. As almost every one who re¬ 
mains a few days at Newport desires to takfis this excursion, we 
will indicate some of the principal points of interest as seen from 
the steamer, so that they can be recognized by the stranger. As 
the boat leaves her wharf at Newport and heads down the lake, 
the nearest prominent hill on the left is Bear Mountain. Be¬ 
yond and over is the ragged summit of Owl’s Head. The point 
on the right is Indian Point; the two coves on the left are Adams 
Bay and Potton Bay. On passing Indian Point, two islands will 
be seen ahead. These are known as The Twin Sisters; between 
them may be seen the village of Stanstead, in Canada ; the large 
island further down the lake is Province Island; it contains 
about 100 acres of excellent land, and is cultivated as a farm by 
its owner, a Bostonian, whose house may be seen on the island. 
Near this island, and crossing one end of it, is the Canada Line. 
An iron post, visible from the steamer, marks the boundary, and 
a clearing which extends up the mountain shows its direction. 
The small wooded island near the eastern shore of the lake, is 
Tea Table Island ; the village on the shore to the northward, is 
Cedarville. Near the mouth of Fitch’s Bay, which extends in¬ 
land in an easterly direction, is an island which contains a 
quarry of excellent oil-stone. 

Owl’s Head is now the most prominent object in sight, rising 
precipitously to a height of 3,000 feet, on the west side of the 
lake. The Mountain House, a first-class hotel, stands near its 
foot, and close by is a little wharf, at which the steamer makes 
regular landings. Persons wishing to ascend the mountain or to 
enjoy the best fishing on the lake, will do well to stop a few days 
at this retired and charming spot. The mountain is ascended on 
foot, the path winding through wild and beautiful forest scenery, 
and the view from the summit is well worth the labor of the as¬ 
cent. On the 24th of June, the Freemasons of Stanstead hold an 
annual “lodge,” in one of the ravines on the mountain. Their 
mystic symbols are painted on a rock to mark the place. 

113 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The liliputian island, across the lake from Owl’s Head, is 
Minnow Island ; further to the north and east is Skinner’s Island, 
which contains a deep cave, formerly used as a hiding-place by 
one Uriah Skinner, a famous smuggler. The cave, after serving 
the bold smuggler during his life, was his resting-place in death, 
and some years after his mysterious disappearance his bones were 
found by a casual fisherman, whitening in the depths of the cave. 
Beyond Skinner’s is a rock-bound island named Long Island; on 
its southern shore, visible from the steamer, is Balance Rock, a 
large fragment of granite, poised on an angle in a peculiar man¬ 
ner, which can only be well seen by a closer inspection. Still 
further north is Molson’s Island, bearing its owner’s name. Along 
the eastern shore may be seen the summer residences of wealthy 
citizens of Montreal. The chief elevation on the west shore, 
near this point, is Mount Elephantis, near whose top is a beauti¬ 
ful little lake abounding in brook trout. The next landing is 
Georgeville, whence the boat crosses the lake to Knowlton’s 
Landing, where passengers for Montreal leave the steamer and 
take stages to Waterloo (20 miles distant), the terminus of the 
Stanstead, Shefford, and Chambly Railway. The rocky promon¬ 
tory north of KnoVlton is Gibraltar Point. 

No other regular landing is made until we reach Magog, at the 
lower end of the lake. The scenery to the end is undiminished 
in beauty, and the view of Mount Oxford, 3.300 feet high, adds 
greatly to the interest of the scene. 

Stages run from Magog to Sherbrooke 16 miles, there connecting 
with the Grand Trunk Railway for Richmond and Montreal, and 
for Point Levi on the St. Lawrence River, where a steam ferry 
connects with Quebec on the opposide side of the river. 

114 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


MONTREAL. 

Quebec Province, Dominion of Canada , 391 miles from New York. 

Hotels. — St. Lawrence Hall , Ottawa House, Albion, Montreal 
House and llichelieu Hotel. 

The chief city of British America stands on Montreal Island, at 
the head of natural navigation on the St Lawrence River. It 
was founded in 1640, on the site of an Indian village called 
Hochelaga, which was visited by French Jesuit missionaries in 
1542, nearly a hundred years before a permanent settlement was 
made. The French held the island until 1760, when it was cap¬ 
tured by the British, and has been held by them ever since. The 
Canadian government was formerly established here, but was re¬ 
moved to Quebec in 1849, in consequence of a political mob 
which burnt the parliament houses and library. At that time 
Canada was under the royal government, but it is now more 
independent and governs herself, with certain restrictions, under 
the title of The Dominion of Canada. Montreal Island is thirty- 
two miles long and about ten miles broad. N.ear the city it rises 
into a considerable elevation known as Mount Royal. The soil 
of the Island is good, and especially favorable to the growth of 
pears and apples. 

The city is principally built on the level ground between Mt. 
Royal and the river, along which it extends nearly three miles. 
The population of the city is about 120,000 and is rapidly in¬ 
creasing. On the high ground near Mt. Royal are many elegant 
private residences, and a fashionable drive extends around the 
mountain, bordered by gardens and ornamental inclosures, and 
affording fine views in all directions. The principal buildings in 
Montreal are of gray limestone, which is of a delicate neutral tint, 
very pleasing to the eye. The great number of buildings of this 
material gives a more solid look to the streets than we are 
accustomed to in the States. Architecturally, many of the build¬ 
ings are very fine, especially the new church of the Jesuits. The 
cathedral of Notre Dame is of great size, and well worth visiting. 
The view from one of the towers, in which hangs ‘ ‘Gros Bour 

115 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


don,” the great bell, is very extensive and interesting. Admis¬ 
sion may be gained to the cathedral and tower at almost all hours. 
At certain times, interesting services are performed in the 
cathedral, at which the nuns of the seminary of St. Sulpice 
assist. The music at these services is very fine. Many other 
fine buildings, public and private, may be seen, especially in 
Great St. James and Notre Dame streets, the two finest business 
streets in the city. The stranger will take great pleasure in 
visiting such places of interest as the English Cathedral, Jesuit 
College, McGill College, Yiger Square, the Post Office, New 
Court House, Bank of Montreal, Bank of British North America, 
Molsom’s Bank, Merchants’ Bank, Bonsecours Market, Hotel 
Dieu Hospital, Mount Royal Cemetery, Place D’Armes, Champ de 
Mars, Bon Parteur Nunnery, and many others. The stone quays 
of Montreal are an object of interest to every one, and ought to 
excite a spirit of emulation in New York. The Victoria bridge 
over the St. Lawrence is a splendid piece of engineering skill, 
and should be visited. It is the longest bridge in the world, being 
nearly one and a half miles in length, and is built entirely of iron, 
over 8,000 tons of which were used in its construction. The 
Grand Trunk Railway crosses the St. Lawrence river upon it, and 
passengers going to or from the States pass over it. A pass to 
go upon the bridge may be obtained at the office of the Grand 
Trunk Railway. The trip to Lachine Rapids is one of the most 
interesting excursions from the city. By driving to Lachine, 
about nine miles, and taking the steamboat which descends the 
Rapids, the tourist will soon find himself in the midst of exciting 
adventure, as the bold craft reels and dashes down the stream 
and shoots unharmed upon the placid waters below. The trip is 
full of pleasant excitement, and has a spice of danger about it 
especially pleasing to the Anglo-Saxon temperament. 

The business houses of Montreal are worthy of the reputation 
which enterprise, integrity, long experience, and substantial finan¬ 
cial basis have given them. Many of them are found on Sfc. 
James and Notre Dame streets, and others in different parts 
of the city. Prominent among these is the Jewelry House of 
Savage, Lyman & Co., Nos. 220 and 228 St. James street. 

116 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The hotels of Montreal worthy of the patronage from the States 
are St. Lawrence Hall, Ottawa House, Montreal House, the Al. 
bian House and the Richelieu Hotel. St. Lawrence Hall situated 
on St. James street, in a central part of the city, is the largest, 
and is kept in very good style, at moderate prices. It has been 
patronized by the Government on all public occasions, and is the 
residence of the United States Consul. It is kept more in the 
style of English hotels than any hotel in Montreal, and is managed 
by Mr. J. T. Burkholder, for Mr. F. Geriken, the Proprietor. 

The Ottawa House is situated on Great St. James'and Notre 
Dame streets, and is kept by Messrs. Brown & Perley. It is a 
very good house, and has modem furnished rooms, and affords an 
excellent table on the American plan. Tourists will find this a 
very congenial and well-conducted hotel. 

The Montreal House is situated on Custom-House Square, one 
of the pleasantest places in the city. The house has a frontage 
of 220 feet on Custom-House Square and 100 feet on Commission 
street, with entrance on both streets, and overlooks the St. Law¬ 
rence River and the extensive shipping of the port of Montreal. 
It is kept by Decker & Morehouse. Mr. Decker is extensively 
known as a very capable and popular hotel-keeper, and travelers 
will fare well at this hotel. 

The Albion House is a good hotel, on the comer of McGill and 
St. Paul streets, and has been for twenty years a favorite resort 
of the general traveling public of the United States when visiting 
Montreal. It will accommodate nearly 500 guests, and is well 
supplied with modem conveniences, and commands a fine view of 
St Lawrence River and the Victoria Bridge. Its charges are 
very moderate but its accommodations are equal to those of its 
higher-priced competitors. 

The Richelieu Hotel is a good hotel, kept by I. B. Duroucher, 
on St. Vincent street, and is the only hotel in Montreal on both 
the American and European plans. The prices on the American 
plan are frcm $2 to $2.50 per day, and on the European plan 
$1 per day for best furnished room and meals d la carte. 

117 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


RIVER ST. LAWRENCE, FROM MONTREAL 
TO QUEBEC. 

Our choice of courses to Quebec lies between the railway 
ride of eight hours and the sail down the river by night. We can 
economize time, strength, and money by the sail. We will, there¬ 
fore, take passage in one of the splendid steamers of the Riche¬ 
lieu and Ontario Navigation Company’s Mail Line. Either the 
“Montreal” or the “ Quebec” makes the passage from Montreal 
to Quebec every night except Sunday. These steamers are the 
most elegant in Canada, and approach closely in accommodations 
the magnificent floating palaces of the People’s Line on the Hud¬ 
son River, and Fall River Lines from New York. With staterooms 
secured, we are free to move about the boat, dine, watch the 
scenery, or gaze at the stars, until our weariness invites repose, 
and we seek Nature’s sweet restorer. Before daylight is gone we 
shall enjoy many miles of delightful river scenery. As we pass 
out from the wharf, the shores of the military island of St. Helen’s 
—named from the wife of Champlain, the first Governor of Can¬ 
ada, and the founder of Quebec—appears. Just below the island 
is the village of Longueuil, a favorite summer resort of the citi¬ 
zens of Montreal. At the mouth of Richelieu, the outlet of Lake 
Champlain into the St. Lawrence, is 

SOREL, 

a town with about 5,000 population. It was for many years the 
summer residence of the English Governors of Canada, and here 
Victoria’s father once resided. Immediately below Sorel the 
river widens into a lake called Lake St. Peter, about thirty-five 
miles long by ten miles wide. This is shallow, except in a narrow 
channel; and in a storm its waves become very turbulent, and en¬ 
gulf the unfortunate rafts exposed to its fury. Half-way to Que¬ 
bec is the port of 

THREE RIVERS, 

at the confluence of the St. Maurice and the St. Lawrence Rivera, 
ninety miles from Montreal. This town is one of the oldest set¬ 
tled towns in Canada. It is well laid out, contains many good 

118 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


buildings, and a population of 9,000. The celebrated St. Maurice 
Forges, near the town, have been in operation more than a century. 

BATISCAN, 

a village of little importance, is the last stopping place before 
reaching Quebec. Seven miles above Quebec we pass the mouth 
of the Chandiere River on the right. The celebrated Chaudi&re 
Falls are a short distance up this river, and are annually visited 
by a large number of tourists. The Falls are 125 feet high, the 
river being 400 feet wide, studded with forest-covered islands, 
which make a picturesque and beautiful scene. The banks of the 
St. Lawrence present little variety as we proceed. The villages 
are French, the buildings being small, the better class painted 
white or whitewashed, and having red roofs. As we approach 
Quebec, we first behold the tin-covered spires of the Catholic 
churches. In the river, we see the shipping and the frequent 
rafts lying at rest in the coves, awaiting shipment to different 
parts of the world. Passing the frowning rock-walls of the cita¬ 
del, we touch the pier and are speedily ashore and breakfasting. 

119 



CITY OF QUEBEC. 
























































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


QUEBEC. 

Hotel— St. Louis. 

The Gibraltar of America, and the only walled city on the Con¬ 
tinent, is situated at the confluence of the St. Charles and St. 
Lawrence Rivers, 400 miles from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and 
180 miles from Montreal. It is the second city in the Dominion, 
and was until recently the capital of United Canada. 

Quebec has about 70,000 inhabitants, chiefly engaged in hand¬ 
ling and exporting lumber, of which some $0,000,000 worth a 
year is sent away It has also a fine export trade in grain, and, 
b°ing the terminus of transatlantic shipping, it is a depot of immi¬ 
gration. The city is nearly in the form of a triangle, bounded by 
the two rivers and the “ Plains of Abraham,” and is divided into 
the Upper and Lower Towns—the former being walled, strongly 
fortified, and standing partly on a bluff 350 feet high ; the latter 
being built on the narrow strip of land between the cliffs and the 
river. The suburbs of St. John’s and St. Roche’s extend along 
the St. Charles to the “Plains of Abraham.” The houses are 
mostly built of cut stone, and severely plain. The streets are 
narrow, and often steep, and are said to follow, in many instances, 
the foot-paths of the Indian village once on the same site. 



THE ST. LOUIS HOTEL 

is the prominent and best hotel in the city. It is situated on St. 

120 





NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Louis Street, in the upper town, near Durham Terrace, Gover¬ 
nor’s Garden, and many of the principal points of interest in the 
city. It is a long established and favorite house, complete in all 
its arrangements, efficient and liberal in its management, afford¬ 
ing to its guests all wished-for accommodations. The location is 
central, near the delightful and fashionable promenades and ter¬ 
races of this grand old city. The management is the best, and 
substantial plenty and commendable neatness in every depart¬ 
ment are characteristics of the house. The accommodations are 
for five hundred guests, and, with the recent enlargements and 
improvements, the most exacting cannot fail of satisfaction. 
Carriages at reasonable rates for the tour of the city and sur¬ 
roundings may be had at the hotel, and valuable information re¬ 
garding the attractions within and around the city. 

The Citadel, on Cape Diamond, is one of the most interesting 
objects to visitors. The area within the fortifications is more 
than forty acres, and the line of fortification around it and the 
Upper Town is about three miles long. Formerly there were five 
massive gates to the town, two of which remain. 

The churches, convents, colleges, and public buildings of Que¬ 
bec will interest strangers. Among the Roman Catholic churches 
they will wish to see the Cathedral and the adjoining Seminaries, 
fronting on the Upper Town Market Place. This is very large, 
seating 4,000 persons ; unpretentious outwardly, it is inwardly 
handsomely fitted up. The Cathedral and Seminary Chapel have 
many fine paintings of the old masters well worth inspection. 
These churches and institutions of mercy and learning in Quebeo 
have become rare picture galleries. Permission to visit them and 
catalogues will be given, on application, at proper hours. St. 
Patrick’s, St. Roch’s, St. John’s, The Church of Notre Dame des 
Victoires, with its pictures by Vandyke, are all worth visiting. 
The Hotel Dieu, both hospital and church, built mostly in the 
seventeenth century, has fine paintings. It has thirty or forty 
nuns, and the hospital is free to the sick and infirm of any sect, 
with attendance of the best doctors in the city. The Gray Nun¬ 
nery near St. John’s Church, and the Black Nunnery near St. 
Roch’s, will interest the stranger. At the Ursuline Convent, a 
very old building, there are forty nuns, devoted to teaching girls, 

121 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


and also to working in embroidery, painting, etc. The parlor and 
chapel are open to visitors. In the latter are some good paintings. 
The General Hospital is an extensive pile of buildings founded in 
the seventeenth century, and conducted by forty or fifty nuns of 
St. Augustine. The Laval University is second to none on this 
continent in its museum of Huron antiquities, its collection of 
Canadian birds, its library, its fine scientific instruments, and its 
extensive and comprehensive curriculum. It is adjoining the 
seminary whose chapel, mentioned above, has the celebrated 
paintings of Champlain and others. 

Among the Protestant churches the English Cathedral is the 
largest, accommodating about 4,000 people. It is a handsome 
structure, neatly fitted up. The monument of Jacob Mountain, 
D. D., first Anglican Bishop, is in the church. King George is said 
to have expressed a doubt, in the presence of Dr. Mountain, as to 
whom to appoint bishop of the new See of Quebec. The Doctor 
replied, “ If your majesty had faith, there would be no difficulty.” 
“How so?” said the king. Mountain answered, “If you had 
faith, you would say to this Mountain, ‘ be thou removed into that 
See,’ and it would be done.” The witticism won him the appoint¬ 
ment. There are many other churches and public buildings 
worthy of mention. 

Durham Terrace, in the Upper Town, is a platform commanding 
a splendid view of the river and the Lower Town, as well as Point 
Levi and the bold peaks of the Laurentian Range. The Terrace 
is the favorite promenade of the citizens. The monument erected 
to the memory of Wolfe and Montcalm in the Public Garden is 
chaste and beautiful in design, 65 feet high, and should be seen 
by strangers. The Place d’Armes and the Esplanade are open 
pieces of ground, beautiful and well worth a visit. We have room 
only to mention the Court-House and City Hall on St. Louis 
Street, the Gaol, St. Ann Street, Upper Town, the Marine Hos¬ 
pital on the river St. Charles, capable of accommodating 400 
patients, the Lunatic Asylum at Beauport, two and a half miles 
from the city, and the Music Hall. 

Every step in this city seems to be over a tradition, or a history. 
Every wall and tower seems ancient. Indeed the seventeenth 
century is here largely transformed into the nineteenth. The 

123 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 



quaint style of vehicles and very many of the customs of the peo¬ 
ple have come down from the long-ago. Yet here is a city of 
thrifty, busy, contented people. Living is cheap here. Protected 
from enemies by its scowling defiant fortresses and rocks, rich in 
one of the best harbors on the continent, with her piers loaded 
with the commerce of all nations, Quebec enjoys a position among 
the cities of the continent, unique and interesting. 

Many places of interest and many fine drives are in the neigh¬ 
borhood. Among these we mention Cap Rouge, nine miles from 
Quebec, reached by the Grand Alice. On the drive we pass a 
monument near the toll-gate; the inscription says, “ Here died 
Wolfe victorious.” The Plains of Abraham are on the south, and 
the scene of the battle on either hand. Many objects of interest 
are along this route, and the whole distance is lined with fine old 
villas of the Canadian aristocracy. Returning from Cap Rouge 


Falls op Montmorencl 

by another route, the tourist is treated to varied but equally in- j 
teresting sights. Indian Lorette, nine miles from Quebec by the 
Little River Road, is an ancient village of the Hurons, in whom 
Indian blood predominates, and who hunt, fish, make bead-work 

123 















NORTHERN RESORTS. 


moccasins, etc., and live a rude but religious life. The Loretta 
Falls are near the village, and a few miles inland are the Beau- 
port and St. Charles Lakes, the latter famed for its red trout and 
remarkable echoes. 

One of the principal drives is to the Falls of Montmorenci, eight 
miles from the city. We cross the St. Charles River—notice in suc¬ 
cession the extensive ship building, the curious market wagons 
and ponies of the French women, who mostly make the gardens and 
market their products; the old cottage where Montcalm had his 
headquarters, and near the scene of the first struggle for the pos¬ 
session of the city; the neat Canadian cottages on either side 
with their huge chimneys, out-of-door ovens, and steep roofs— 
until we reach the Montmorenci River and the field of the battle 
of Montmorenci. We legister at the little hotel, pay the admit¬ 
tance fee, and by a short path reach the Falls, 250 feet high, and 
50 feet wide. A solid mass of water rolls over the black bluff of 
rocks, is shattered into feathery foam, falls like a gossamer veil 
of beauty into the stream below, and disappears in the St. Law¬ 
rence. Small streams on each side, parted strands of light, follow 
the rocky seams in a delightful tangle down the chasm. A sus¬ 
pension bridge erected over the Falls fell some years ago while a 
laborer and his family were crossing in a rude cart. The towers 
stand as monuments of the mournful tragedy. The Falls are in 
winter the scene of the rare fun of coasting, known in local 
phrase as “toboggining.” The spray from the river forms lofty 
cones, down which gentlemen and ladies slide on their “tobog- 
gins,” or long, thin, narrow pieces of wood. The Isle of Orleans, 
reached by ferry, is a point of interest, and should be visited. 

Below Quebec are many popular resorts. The Saguenay River, 
132 miles below, is a famous river, much frequented by both Ameri¬ 
cans and Canadians. During the pleasure season, steamers of 
the St. Lawrence Steamboat Navigation Co. leave Quebec every 
day except Sunday and Monday, on the arrival of steamers from 
Montreal. These steamers are elegant and comfortable, thoroughly 
furnished and carefully handled. On the trip, nine miles from 
Quebec, we pass the Island of Orleans, sometimes called Isle of 
Bacchus, from its abundant wild grapes. It is twenty miles long, 
and at its greatest width six miles wide, very fertile, and dotted 

124 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


with villages. Sixty or seventy miles below we pass the mouth 
of St. Anne River and a village of the same name. About two 
miles from the village are the Falls of St. Anne, and the scene 
above the cataract is very grand. The natural scenery of the vi¬ 
cinity is delightful, and the place is frequently visited. Five 
miles below we pass Grosse Isle, the “Quarantine,” a spot full 
of the wreck of human hopes. Here in one grave the bodies of 
about 6,000 Irish emigrants lie interred. Ninety miles from 
Quebec the first landing-place is Malbaie or Murray Bay, a favor¬ 
ite watering-place for the better class of French Canadians. 
The Lome House, with its connected cottages, is a comfortable 
hotel. Steaming across the river, which is twenty miles wide 
with eighteen-feet tides, with seals, porpoises, and whales playing 
in its water, we strike Riviere du Loup on the south shore, and 
the eastern terminus of the Grand Trank, as it is the western 
terminus of the Intercolonial Railroad from St. John, Halifax, 
etc. About six miles pleasant drive from here is 

CACOUNA, 

the Newport of Canada, where thousands of visitors enjoy sea¬ 
bathing in the summer. The temperature of the air is always 
delightful here. St. Lawrence Hall accommodates 500 guests in 
large, airy rooms, fitted with every comfort and convenience. 
Every provision is made for indoor and outdoor amusement. 
The house commands from its windows and balconies magnificent 
seaward views; vessels being distinctly visible at a distance at 
sea. Guests here combine driving, fishing, boating and sea¬ 
bathing. The hotel omnibuses meet the trains at Cacouna 
Station, and the steamers at ‘Riviere du Loup wharf. 

Opposite Riviere du Loup, about two-hours’ sail, is Tadousac, 
at the mouth of Saguenay. Here is a fine hotel and sea-bathing. 
Many handsome villas have been erected here, including one built 
by His Excellency Earl Dufferin. The place was, from an early 
period, the capital of the French settlements, and of the chief fur¬ 
trading posts. The ruins of a Jesuit establishment are found here; 
ft'id on this spot the first stone and mortar building erected in 
^merica stood, the home of Father Marquette, the explorer of tho 

125 


SEA-B A T H I HST G-. 



ST. LAWRENCE HALL, CACOUNA, CANADA. 


This fashionable Canadian Watering Place is situated on the 
lower St. Lawrence, 120 miles below Quebec, and opposite the 
mouth of the far-famed Saguenay River. In the extreme heat of 
summer Cacouna is remarkable for its bracing air and delightful 
temperature. 

This Hotel has accommodation for 500 guests, the rooms are 
large and airy, and have been fitted up with every requirement for 
comfort and convenience. Every provision is made for indoor 
and outdoor amusement, such as Billiards, Bowling Alleys, Croquet 
Grounds and Beautiful Lawns. The House commands a mag¬ 
nificent view seaward, inward and outward bound vessels being 
distinctly visible from the windows and galleries. 

The attractions of Cacouna as a summer resort, combin : ng fish¬ 
ing, boating, and sea-bathing, are so generally known that they 
require no special recommendations. 

The Hotel Omnibuses meet the Trains at Cacouna Station, and 
the Steamers at River-du-Loup Wharf. 

The following scale of very moderate prices have been adopted 
for the season of 1877: 

3 months, - $30 per month. 10 weeks, - $35 per month 

2 40 6 “ - 45 

1 “ 50 “ 1 week and over, $2 per day. 

Transient guest, $2 50 —Reasonable Rates for Nurses and Children. 

For further information apply to 

JAMES CREIGHTON, Manager. 

























NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Mississippi Valley. A cluster of pine trees over 200 years old, in 
the centre of these ruins, marks the spot. 



Cape Eternity, Saguenay River. 


The Saguenay, the largest tributary of the St. Lawrence, is 
unquestionably one of the most remarkable rivers on this conti¬ 
nent. Its source is in St. John’s Lake, which is forty miles long 
and lies 150 miles from the St. Lawrence, and nearly due north 
of Quebec. The scenery is wild and romantic in the highest de¬ 
gree, especially in its upper half, which runs through unbroken 
wilderness, over rapids and falls, so as to be navigable only for 
the Indian canoe. The lower half has wonderful scenery. The 
granite shores, the imposing bluffs—some of them towering high 
in air, and seeming ready at any moment to precipitate their huge 
mass upon you—the smooth-sided rocky promontories, GOO to 900 
feet high, the echoes—all make a picture of awful grandeur that 
no description can reproduce. Ha ! Ha ! Bay is the limit of steam 
navigation, sixty miles from the St. Lawrence. This Bay is a 
beautiful expanse of water, receding from the river several miles. 
At the head of it is the village of Grand Bay, the usual resort for 
those who wish to remain a few days. 

126 


























ST. LOUIS HOTEL, 

St. Louis Street, Quebec, P. Q. 


The ST. LOUIS HOTEL, which is unrivalled for size, style, 
and locality, in Quebec, is open only during the Season of 
pleasure travel. 

It is eligibly situated near to and surrounded by the most 
delightful and fashionable promenades, 

THE GOVERNOR’S GARDEN, 

THE CITADEL, 

THE ESPLANADE, 

THE PLACE D’ARMES, 

DURHAM TERRACE. 

which furnish the splendid views and magnificent scenery for 
which Quebec is so justly celebrated, and which is unsurpassed in 
any part of the world. 

The Proprietors in returning thanks for the very liberal pat¬ 
ronage they have hitherto enjoyed, inform the public that this 
hotel has been thoroughly renovated and embellished, and can 
now accommodate about 500 visitors ; and assures them that 
nothing will be wanting on their part that will conduce to the 
comfort and enjoyment of their guests. 

THE RUSSELL HOTEL COMPANY, 

Willis Russell, President. Proprietors. 

June, 1877. 






1877 


TO 


1877 . 


rnURISTS AND PLEASURE SEEKERS 


IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT. 


RICHELIEU 4 ONTARIO NAVIGATION CO.’S 

LINES OF THROUGH STEAMERS. 


"Niagara Falls to Montreal, Quebec, White Mountains, Port- 
land, Fa,he George, Saratoga, New York, Riviere-du - 
Foup, the River Saguenay, &e., &c., &c. 


The Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company’s Steamers 
comprise the original Royal Mail and the Richelieu Company 
Lines, with the addition of several new Steamers, thus forming 
two first-class lines of Passenger steamers, which, for speed, 
safety, and comfort, cannot be surpassed. 

They are the only lines now affording Tourists an opportunity 
to view the magnificent scenery of the Thousand Islands and 
Rapids of St. Lawrence, also to the far-famed River Saguenay. 

This route possesses peculiar advantages over any other, 
as by it parties have their choice of either side of Lake Ontario 
and River St. Lawrence, between Niagara Falls and Quebec, over 
the whole or any portion of it, without being obliged to decide 
when purchasing their tickets, as they are also good by the Grand 
Trunk Railway. No extra charge for MEALS on the Steamer* 
between Toronto and Montreal. 


The only route to the White Mountains by which parties can 
ascend the far-famed Mount Washington by the carriage road. 

American money taken at par for tickets by this line, which can 
be obtained at most of the principal cities of the United States. 

I. B. LAMERE, E. BARBEE, ALEE. MILLOY, 

General Manager. Agent . Traffic Manager. 

NIAGARA FALLS, N. T. MONTREAL 







St. Lawrence Hall, 



St. James St., Montreal. 


F. GERIKEN, Proprietor, 

Successor to H HOGAN. 


The above hotel, unrivaled for size and accommodation in the 
city, has, during the past winter, been entirely refurnished and 
renovated. From its central location, it is especially adapted for 
the convenience of tourists—all the principal places of interest 
being in close proximity. As an evidence of superiority, it has 
been patronized by the Government on all public occasions, and 
by H. R. H. the Prince of Wales, Ilis Excellency the Governor 
General, His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Alexis, &c. 

The residence of the United States Consul is at this hotel. 

Extensive repairs have been made the present season, the 
Office, Dining-room, and Reading-room having been handsomely 
frescoed, and the whole house largely refurnished. 

J. T. BURKHOLDER, manager. 































OTTAWA HOTEL, 

Notre Dame St. Great St. James St. 


MONTREAL, CANADA. 

C. S. BROWNE & J. 0. PERLEY, Proprietors 


This Popular First-Class Hotel accommodates 

400 Guests. 


The Ottawa Hotel covers the entire space of ground running between St, 
fames and Notre Dame Stnjets, and has two beautiful fronts: the one on the right, 
In the above cut, represents the front on Notre Dame Street—the other on the left, 
the St. James Street front. 

The House has been thoroughly REFITTED and FURNISHED, 

With every regard to comfort and luxury—has Hot and Cold Water, with Baths 
and Closets on each floor. The aim has been to make this the most 

UNEXCEPTIONABLE FIRST-CLASS HOTEL IN MONTREAL. 

The Manager respectfully informs the traveling public that he intends by con¬ 
stant attention to the wants of liis patrons to make this hotel a comfortable boms 
for travelers. 

Carnages, with attentive drivers, may be had at all times by application ai 
the Office. 

Coaches will also be found at the Railway D«pot and Steamboat Landings, on flu 
irrival of the several Trains and Steamers. 

&T MONTREAL TELEGRAPH OFFICE IN THE HOUSE. 

















































ALBION HOTEL, 



McGill and St. Paul Streets, 

MONTREAL, CANADA. 


This hotel has for 20 years been the favorite of the travelling 
public of the United States, as well as of Canada, when visiting 
Montreal on business or pleasure. McGill Street is the great 
business thoroughfare of the City, and from its proximity to 
the principal houses of business, justly entitles The Albion 
bo that large and increasing support it is receiving from the 
commercial class; while from its favorable position it commands 
a magnificent view of the River St. Lawrence, the Victoria 
Bridge, Victoria Square, and Mount Royal. It possesses every 
convenience which the traveling community can require, and; 
we trust that our long experience in the business will give 
confidence to our friends that they will continue to enjoy at 
The Albion the advantage of a really first-class hotel at 
second-class prices. 

DECKER, STEARNS & MURRAY 









MONTREAL HOUSE, 



CUSTOM HOUSE SQUARE, 


MONTREAL, CANADA. 


DECKER & MOREHOUSE, Proprietors. 

L. W. DECKER AND GEORGE T. MOREHOUSE. 


Is the neatest, coolest, best furnished, most pleasantly situated, 
and has more front rooms, for its size, than any hotel in the 
Dominion of Canada. 

The hotel has a frontage of 180 feet on the Square and 120 
on Commissioners Street, with an entrance on both, located on 
the high ground overlooking the harbor, and affording a most 
picturesque view of St. Helen’s Island, the projected site of the 
Royal Albert Bridge, and the river for miles above and below the 
Victoria Bridge, affording to guests something of interest instead 
of huge stone and brink walls to look at. As it is situated within 
a block and a half of the great Cathedral de Notre Dame, and in 
close proximity to the New Post Office and principal Banks, etc., 
it is not only by far the most pleasantly, but as conveniently 
located as any hotel in the City. 

The hotel is under the supervision of L. W. Decker, who has 
withdrawn his interest from the “ Albion,” in which he did so 
successful a business for 20 years, and George T. Morehouse, late 
of Boston, who have determined to make the Montreal House 
first class in every respect, and the favorite with tourists and 
pleasure-seekers, and at the same time spare no pains to make it 
equally attractive to local custom and the general traveling 
public. It is kept in a maimer quite up to any hotel in the city, 
and at prices not calculated to startle its guests. 










RICHELIEU 


HOTEL, 


MONTREAL, CANADA, 

Opposite the Court House, Corner Notre Dame Street. 

JUST OPENED. 


The above First-class Hotel is the most fashionable, 
stylish and commodious in the city of Montreal, and the only one 
kept on the American and European Plans, so long desired by 
the traveling public. It is situated on the corner of Notre Dame 
and St. Vincent Streets, opposite the Court House and the new 
City Hall, in the vicinity of the principal places of business. 

As our advertisement has not yet reached all parts of the 
United States and the Dominion of Canada, we have made great 
reductions in our rates for the present year, as a safe and speedy 
manner of advertising the comfort of our Hotel. 

Our present Rates are as follows: 

American plan, from $2.00 to $2.50 per day. 

European plan : Best furnished rooms, from $1.00 to $1.50 
per day ; restaurant a la carte. 

Tourists will find on every boat one of our agents, who will be 
honored to receive any orders, and make any special agreement 
with them, to secure them all the comfort required. 

One visit is respectfully solicited to convince them of the 
comfort of our establishment. 

ISIDORE B. DUR0CHER, Proprietor. 















THAYER’S HOTEL, 

LITTLETON, N. H. 



This house, so long 1 and favorably known, continues to be 
very largely patronized by White Mountain visitors. Many pre¬ 
fer to rest here for the night after the fatigue of tedious railway 
travel; others to locate here and do the Mountains from this 
point. 

Excellent livery in connection with the house. 

Rooms may be secured by early application. 

H. L. THAYER, Proprietor. 
























MONTREAL AND BOSTON AIR LINE 

AXD PASSUMPSIC RAILROAD. 

The great highway for Tourists between Montreal , Quebec, and 
Lake Memphremagog, White Mountains , New York and Boston. 


A glance at the map will show that this is the most direct route 
for tourists arriving in Montreal and Quebec from Chicago and 
the West, Niagara Falls and Hudson River, en route to the White 
Mountains, New York and Boston. Upon no other line is there 
anything to compare with the charming scenery of this whole 
route. The views of Lake Memphremagog, Lake Winnepesaukee 
and the White Mountains, are surpassed by nothing in American 
scenery, and are fully equal to the far-famed Lake and Moun¬ 
tain views of Switzerland. 

The route from New York to White Mountains and Quebec, by 
Connecticut River Line, is 75 miles the shortest, and the scenery 
of the Connecticut River Valley is unsurpassed. Pullman cars 
run through to White Mountains. 

From Boston this is the shortest route to Wells River, St. 
Johnsbury, Newport, Richford, Stanstead, Sherbrooke, West 
Farnham, St. John’s, Montreal, Quebec, Toronto, Detroit, Chicago 
and all points West. 

Two through express trains daily between Boston and Montreal, 
with Pullman cars attached. No change of cars between Sher- 
orooke and Boston or Sprinfield. 

A large variety of Excursion Tickets by this route at reduced 
rates can be obtained of 


W. RAYMOND, 

240 Washington St., Boston. 

E. P. REACH, 

285 Broadway, New York. 

E. BARBER, 

Niagara Falls. 


GUSTAVE LEVE, 

132 St James Street , Montreal. 

T. D. SHIPMAN, 

Opposite St. Louis Motel, Quebec. 

COOK, SON & JENKINS, 

261 Broadway, New York. 


Pennsylvania Railway Offices. Erie Railway Offices. 


N. P. LEVERING, Gen’l Ticket Agt. 


H, E. FOLSOM, Supt. 





Xj a k e Winnipesaukee, 

WOLFEBORO, N. H. 

Finely located on a slight elevation commanding the grandest 
lake and mountain views. With its spacious grounds, quiet 
surroundings and perfect system of drainage, it is a most 
delightful resort. 

It has all the usual amusements of summer resorts, including 
music, billiards, bowling, bathing, and boating, with most excel¬ 
lent fishing. The largest first-class hotel in the lake region, with 
accommodations for 250 guests. Transient rates reduced to 
$3 per day. 

Address by mail or telegraph, 

I. IT. ANDREWS, Manager. 


THE PAVILION, 




Cor. Main and Elm Streets, 

WORCESTER, MASS. 

GEORGE TOWER, - - Proprietor. 


This excellent House is the most centrally located of any 
‘ji the city. 

Terms. —$2.00, $2.50 and $3.00 per day, according to 
location of rooms. 


Proprietor also of Tower’s Hotel, the popular seaside 
resort, Falmouth Heights, Mass. 




































WAUKEAG HOUSE, 

SUEEIVAN, ME. 

WHITE BROS., Pr oprietors. 

This entirely new and finely appointed house will open about 
June 20th. The Waukeag has a location commanding- a full view 
of Mt. Desert, and offers superior facilities to those who may 
wish to enjoy sea shore and country. Game may be found in 
abundance. The dun deer here slakes his thirst in the crystal 
streams where abound the salmon trout. Also clams, lobsters, 
and salt-water fish in variety. The region is wild and picturesque, 
and lovers of art will here find a most congenial spot. The 
Waukeag has accommodations for about 100 guests, and is in¬ 
tended in every respect as a first-class hotel. Rooms, large or 
small, and rooms en suite , may be secured by early application. 

Terms $1.50 to $2.00 per day, according to location. Liberal 
terms by the week or season. The Waukeag may be reached by 
steamer Ulysses, leaving Rockland Tuesdays, Thursdays and 
Saturdays, at 10.30 A.M. Also by stages from Bangor. 

FREEMAN HOUSE, 

South. West Harbor, Mt. Desert, Me. 


JAMES R. FREEMAN, Proprietor. 


This long established and well-known house will open about 
June 15. 

The house has accommodations for about 75 guests, is situated 
within two minutes’ walk of the shore, and commands an entire 
view of all the points of interest of Mt. Desert. Daily mails 
and telegraphic facilities. A boiling spring of the purest water 
supplies the house. Trout, deep-sea, and pond fishing, within 
easy reach. Safe and commodious yachts at reasonable prices. 
No efforts will be spared to make this house a most comfortable 
home for those who may wish to escape the dust and heat of 
summer, and recuperate in this romantic region. 

Terms very reasonable. Apply to Proprietor as above. 







LYNDE HOTEL, 

GEO. A. LYNDE, Proprietor, ROCKLAND, ITUS. 



This first-class and finely-appointed Hotel is pleasantly and desirably located in 
the beautiful village of Rockland, Me., and affords for the traveling public, 
scenery, comfort, drives, and facilities for tourists not excelled in New England. 

A fine Livery connected with the house. Coaches at the Steamboat Landing 
and R. R. station. 


THE RODICK HOUSE, 

DAVID RODICK & SONS, Proprietors, 

Bar Harbor, Mt. Desert, He., 

Has been enlarged by the addition of fifty large, airy sleeping-rooms (superior to 
any at Bar Harbor), new parlors, hall for dancing, new dining-room, new office, 
and many other improvements for the comfort and convenience of its guests. 

This house is situated on the highest land in the centre of the village of Bai 
Harbor, three minutes’ walk from the steamboat wharf, and is the most com 
modious hotel at Mt. Desert. The view from its piazzas, sleeping rooms and 
lookout rooms in the towers is unsurpassed—commanding a most extensive and 
uninterrupted view of the Bay, Islands, Mountains and Ocean—and overlooking 
the entire village of Bar Harbor. 

Rooms, large or small; rooms cn suite , and rooms with private parlor attached, 
can be obtained at this hotel. 

Terms, $1.50 and $2.00 per day, according to location of rooms. 

Liberal terms by the week or season. Address for further particulars, Pro¬ 
prietors, as above. Telegraph offico and daily mail. 










































NATIONAL HOUSE, 

HAYMARKET SQUARE, (terminus of Washington St.,) 
opposite Boston and Maine Railroad Depot, 

BOSTON. 


GOOD SAMPLE ROOMS for COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS. 


Terms, $2.00 per Day. 


NEWLY EURNISHED. EVERY COMFORT. SUPERIOR TABLE 

Located conveniently to the “Boston & Maine,” the “Eastern,” and the “Fitch¬ 
burg” Railroad Depots, and all places of amusement. Horse-cars to all 
parts of the city pass immediately in front of the Hotel 

JOHN CLAPP, Supt. 


SPRINGFIELD 

?ire and Marine insurance Co. 

Incorporated 1849. Charter Perpetoal. 

NO MARINE RISKS TAKEN. 

Capital, ----- $750,000.00 

Cash. Assets, - 1,500,000.00 


DWIGHT R. SMITH, Pres’t,. 

S. J. HALL, Sec’y. A. J. WRIGHT, Trees. 

’ 

BIGELOW, COIT & PECK, Agents, .... New York. 
ALEX. W. WISTER, Agent, ..... Philadelphia 
REED & BROTHER, Agents, ...... Boston. 


Agencies also in all the principal Cities and Towns in the country 

-A. «T. HARDING, Gen’l JLg t. 
Western Department, Chicago, IIL. 












A Delightful gammer Resort amonir the Green Mountains. 



THE BROOKS HORSE, 


BRATTLEBORO, VT. 

(The Half-Way House between New York and the White Mountains.) 

TO SUMMED TOTJJRISTS. 

VERMONT, as is shewn by its statistics, is the healthiest State in the Union. 
The nurity of its air and water, and the grandeur of its scenery, have always 
made it a favorite resort of the tourist. 

BRA.TTLBBORO, on the banks of the Connecticut, is pronounced by expe¬ 
rienced tr ivelerato stand unrivaled in natural and enjoyable attractions. Long 
a favorite Summer Resort the thousands of viators, from all parts of the country, 
who have thronged here during the summer and autumn months for health and 
pleasure, will bear witness to its beautiful and varied landscapes, its charming 
drives and walks, and its delightful health-giving climate and pure water. Sur¬ 
rounded by hills and mountains, its scenery is grand and picturesque; and new 
drives may be enjoyed for weeks, over roads winding along the banks of swift-run¬ 
ning brooks, through groves and over hill-tops, within a radius of a dozen miles, 
each with its distinctive features of interest and beauty. 

THE BROOKS HOUSE, which was opened on the first of June, 1872, is 
Bituated at the corner of Main and High Streets, and is within three minutes’ 
walk of the depot, and but five hours by rail from Boston, and seven from New 
York. It is provided with all the modern improvements, and no expense has 
been spared in furnishing, to make it a pattern home for city families. 

The building, which has cost $150,000, is of a modern style of architecture, 
three stories high, surmounted by a French roof and towers. The length on Main 
Street is 175 feet, and on High Street. 120 feet, while the depth is 70 feet. The 
building thus forms nearly a right-angle, whose total lenght. is almost three hundred 
feet. A spacious veranda, 90 feet in length, fronts the centre on Main Street, be¬ 
neath which is the main entrance of 20 feet front, and 70 feet depth. The Parlors, 
Dining Rooms, and Sleeping Apartments, are all spacious, handsomely furnished, 
and arranged for the complete accommodation of guests. All the rooms are in 
telegraphic communication with the office, are heated by steam radiators, and are 
mostly arranged in suits, parlor and bedroom adjoining. The stabling is ample. 
A fine livery stable is connected with the house. Most liberal terms made with 
permanent boarders for one month or for the season. 






















































The Largest and Best Assortment of 

Hygienic Undergarments 

For Ladies and Children. 


OBTAINED HIGHEST AWARD AT CENTENNIAL. 



Union Under-flannels, Emancipation Suits, 
Emancipation Waists, Dress Reform Corset 
Waists, Chemilettes, Skirt Suspenders, 
Stocking Supporters, &c., beside a 
great variety of other articles for 

THOSE DESIRING TO DRESS HYGIENICALLY. 

AGENTS WANTED. 

Address Mrs. H. S. HUTCHINSON, 

6 East 14th Street, New York. 

SEND FOR CATALOGUES AND PRICE LISTS 

LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO THE TRADE. 


MONTREAL, QUEBEC, HALIFAX, ST. JOHN, 

AND 

THE PROVINCES. 

MOUNT DESERT, and all Points of Interest on the Maine Coast. 
RICHARDSON AND RANGELY LAKES!! 

DIRECT TINE BETWEEN NEW YORK & PORTLAND, 
Touching at Vineyard Haven (Martha’s Vineyard), the popular 
Camp Meeting Resort. 

I Maine Steamship Co’s Steamers Eleanora & Franconia, 

Will, until further notice, leave Pier 38, East River, New York, every Monday 
and Thursday at 4 P.M., and Franklin Wharf, Portland, same days at 6 P.M. 
The Eleanora is a new steamer just built for the route, and both she and the 
Franconia are fitted up with fine accommodations for passengers, making this the 
most convenient, comfortable and economical route for above points. 

The sail through Long Island Sound by daylight is delightful. Patronize this 
line, and thus avoid the dust, heat, and tedium of railway travel. Passage, with 
State Room, $5.00. Meals extra. 

HENRY FOX, Gen’l Agt., Portland, Me. 

J. F. AMES, Agt., Pier 38, East River, New York. 

















T R 0¥’S 



ELECTROTYPING & STEREOTYPING. 


205-213 EAST TWELFTH STREET, 

AND 

15 Yandewater Street, 

NEW YORK. 


They are constantly adding improvements, both in the 

BINDING AND PRINTING DEPARTMENTS, 

AM offer to PnlMers facilities nnewlled ia tils country 

FOR THE 

Rapid and Accurate Production of Books. 


ALL ORDERS FOR 

JOB PRINTING 

Promptly attended to. 


Estimates for Binding or Printing furnished on application. 









COZZENS’ HOTEL.— Cozzens' Landing , West Point , N. T. 

Goodsell Bkotiiers, Proprietors. 

This elegant and favorite summer resort stands on a commanding 
eminence on the west side of the Hudson, 250 feet above the river, 
and about one mile and a half south of the Military Academy ol 
West Point. It commands, one of the finest views on the Hudson, 
embracing the very heart of the Highlands, and the wildest and most 
picturesque scenery on this famous river. Its location is remarkably 
healthful; no cases of sickness having originated at this resort in 
twenty-five years. West Point was selected as the site of the Mili¬ 
tary Academy partly because of the healthfulness of the locality. 
Its location is particularly convenient for New York families, as It 
is but fifty miles distant, and gentlemen are enabled to visit New 
Sfork daily, returning to Cozzens’ at night if they desire. Among 
che many places of interest around Cozzens’ are the U. S. Military 
Academy, where daily military exercises of interest occur, old Fort 
Putnam, Beverly Dock, Robinson House, Buttermilk Falls, etc. The 
drives among the historic Highlands are celebrated for their enchant¬ 
ing beauty, and one or two, including the five-mile drive to Crystal 
Lake, have recently been laid out. Distinguished visitors, includ 
ing our national officials and celebrities, annually visit W est Point 
Academy during the examinations, which begin on the 1st of June. 

The hotel is built of brick, and is so constructed that all its rooms 
command delightful views of the river and mountain scenery. It 
will accommodate about 400 guests, who are the most refined and re¬ 
spected classes of our metropolitan society. The house is kept in a 
style to suit such patronage, and Cozzens’ Hotel stands unrivaled 
among our summer resorts in its quiet elegance and comfort. 

The table is not surpassed by any hotel in America in luxuries 
or style, and excellent music daily enlivens the enjoyments of this 
elegant and unexceptional resort. It can be reached by the Hudson 
River Railway to Garrison’s Station, whence a steam-ferry conveys 
passengers to Cozzens* Dock; or by Day Line Steamers to West 
Point, with omnibus to Cozzens’ Hotel, or the Mary Powell and Jas. 
W. Baldwin to Cozzens’. Carriages await at Cozzens’ Dock and 
West Point the arrival of all boats and trains. Daily excursions 
may be made from New York, stopping for dinner and spending 
three or four hours at the hotel, returning to the city the same day. 
Passengers should not mistake the West Point or Government Hotel 
for Cozzens’, but drive to Cozzens ’ Hotel, kept by Gooclsdl Bros. 


HUDSON RIVER AT WEST POINT, LOOKING SOUTH. 

COZZEN’S HOTEL IN THE DISTANCE. 




























































































































































































































































































































































































T II KJ 


PALISADE MOUNTAIN HOUSE, 

One of the finest summer hotels in the world, is situated on the 
Lydecker Point of the Palisades of the Hudson River, at Engle¬ 
wood, N. J., opposite Spuyten Duyvil. It is reached by Northern 
R. R. of N. J. of W. 23d St., or Chambers St., or Steamboats Adelphi 
and Alexis from foot of Harrison Street, New York, and by 
the Hudson River R. R. from 30th Street Depot to Inwood, 
and by small steamer ferry across the river. The situation 
is the most beautiful of any suburban hotel around New York City. 
The Palisades are four hundred feet or over above the level of 
the Ocean, and on one of their highest and most prominent out¬ 
looks stands the Mountain House. At its foot the Hudson washes 
the base of the cliffs on which it is built. To the north, bold 
sweeps of coast, marked with woody headlands and capped with a 
luxuriant forest, stretch away into the dim distance. Southerly, 
the spires of the city, the green hills of Staten Island, and the 
gleam of the Narrows fill the horizon; in front, a superb expanse 
of hill and dale, river, bay, and Sound spreads itself for miles and 
miles to the east; while from the upper windows the western view 
embraces all that beautiful country between the valley of the 
Overpeck and the Orange Mountains. The air is exceedingly clear 
and salubrious, and has proved extremely beneficial to invalids and 
children of delicate constitutions. The hotel is supplied with water 
from a clear, cool, and delicious spring in the forest, a mile to the 
westward. The pleasant and various ways of access make it a 
most desirable summer resort, particularly for gentlemen doing 
business in the city. The drives are exceeding beautiful, and ex¬ 
tend for miles along the Hudson, affording entrancing views of 
the noble river and charming villas along its banks. The house 
can accommodate about five hundred guests. The rooms are 
large, en suite , completely, richly, and tastefully furnished. The 
proprietor, Mr. D. S. Hammond, thoroughly understands his busi¬ 
ness, and nothing is left undone that could please the most exact¬ 
ing guest. The cuisine of the house is equal to any in the country.. 
The grounds about the house are picturesque, the walks charming, 
and the river convenient for yachting and boating. G-as, hot and 
cold water, and new bath houses are provided, by which all the ad¬ 
vantages of the salt water are made available. An excellent 
billiard-room and bowling-alley, a fine band of music, and a well- 
managed livery stable provide every comfort and recreation that 
could be expected. The fact that the first guests of the Mountain 
House continue to be its steadfast patrons, year after year, speaks 
for its special merits and healthfulness more plainly than many 
words. Among the attractions of Englewood, particularly foi 
families, is the fine Collegiate Institute of the Rev. T. G. Wall, 
for young ladies and children, and the Englewood Classical and 
Mathematical School for bovs. 


PALISADES MOUNTAIN IIOUSE, ENGLEWOOD, N. 
On the Hudson River opposite Spuyten Duyvil. 
































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































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Erie Railway 


WESTWARD. -j June 25, /S77. j- EASTWARD. 


1 

Day 

Exp, 

5 

Exp- 

Mail- 

3 

Pacific 

Exp- 

STATIONS. 

4 

Night 

Exp- 

8 

New York 
Exp- 

12 

Atlantic 

Exp- 

8.45 am 

10.30 AM 

6.45 pm 

Lve. New York. Arr. 
44 Twenty-third St. 44 

1.20 pm 

8.00 pm 

7.30 am 

9.00 “ 

10.45 “ 

7.00 44 

44 Chambers St. 44 

1.10 44 

7.55 44 

7.25 44 

9.15 “ 

11.00 44 

7.25 44 

44 Jersey City. 44 

12.55 44 

7.43 44 

7.05 44 

_ 

11.50 “ 

— 

44 Paterson. 44 

12.20 44 

6.23 44 

6.23 “ 

11.14 44 

1.58 pm 

9.42 44 

44 Goshen. Lve. 

10.57 am 

5.45 44 

— 

_ 

2.20 “ 

10.01 “ 

44 Middletown. 44 

10.41 44 

— 

4.40 44 

12.13 pm 

3.22 “ 

10.55 44 

44 Port Jervis. 

9.57 44 

4.50 44 

3.43 44 

2.20 “ 

5.40 “ 

— 

Arr. Honesdale. Lve. 

7.30 44 

2.35 44 

— 

12.58 “ 

4.18 44 

11.45 44 

Lve. Laclcawaxen 44 

9.12 44 

4.04 44 

— 

2.38 “ 

6.35 44 

1.45 AM 

“ Hancock. 44 

7.25 “ 

2.25 44 

12.55 44 

3.05 “ 

7.08 41 

2.15 44 

44 Deposit. 44 

6.55 44 

2.01 44 

12.28 44 

4.00 “ 

8.15 “ 

3.00 44 

“ Susquehanna. 44 

6.20 44 

1.25 44 

11.48 pm 

4.15 44 

8.35 44 

— 

44 Great Bend. 44 

5.50 44 

12.53 44 

— 

4.45 “ 

9.20 “ 

3.45 44 

44 Binghamton. 44 

5.22 44 

12.30 44 

11.00 44 

5 25 4 * 

10 25 44 

4.23 * 4 

“ Owego. 44 

4.40 44 

11.50 AM 

10.10 44 

6 00 “ 

11.20 “ 

5.03 44 

44 Waverly. “ 

3.55 44 

11.14 44 

9.23 44 

6.35 “ 

12.25 44 

5.41 44 

44 Elmira. 

3.18 44 

10.42 44 

8 47 44 

7.12 “ 

1.17 AM 

6.22 “ 

44 Corning. 44 

2.30 4 - 

10.08 44 

8.10 44 

8.18 “ 

_ 

7.33 44 

44 Bath. 

— 

9.06 “ 

6.46 44 

9.25 “ 

— 

8.42 44 

44 Wayland. 44 

— 

8.08 41 

5.48 44 

10.40 “ 

— 

10.12 44 

44 Avon. 44 

— 

6.55 44 

4.40 44 

11.20 “ 

— 

10.50 44 

Arr. Rochester. 

— 

6.00 44 

4.00 44 

8.55 “ 

4.05 44 

8.20 44 

Lve. Hornellsville., 44 

1.08 44 

8.50 44 

6.35 44 

11.04 “ 

6.57 44 

10.57 “ 

44 Attica. 44 

11.01 PM 

6.30 44 

4.10 44 

12.20 am 

8 20 “ 

12.25 pm 

Arr. Buffalo. 44 

9.45 44 

5.15 44 

2.50 44 

1.00 “ 

9.25 44 

1.02 44 

44 Niagara Palls. 44 

7.40 44 

4.35 44 

2.05 44 

1.05 “ 

9.30 44 

1.07 4 - 

44 Suspension Bridge. 44 

7.35 44 

4 30 44 

2.00 44 

9.57 pm 

_ 

9.17 AM 

Lve. Genesee. 4 4 

_ 

7.21 44 

5.20 44 

11.15 “ 

— 

10.40 44 

44 Olean. 44 

— 

6.10 44 

4.09 44 

11.55 “ 

— 

11 35 44 

44 Salamanca. “ 

— 

5.35 44 

3.35 44 

2.30 am 

— 

1.30 pm 

Arr. Dunkirk. 44 

— 

7 . i 5 44 

1.05 44 


THE ERIE RAILWAY COMPANY. 

TO THE TRAVELING PUBLIC. 


During the Centennial Season—six months, closing November 10, 1876 —The 
Erie Railway carried almost 3,000,000 passengers, without a single accident to 
life or limb, or the loss of a piece of baggage. And for a whole year, the official 
records of the United States Post Office Department show the arrivals of Erie 
Railway trains in New York, on time, to be from 15 to 27 per cent, ahead of com¬ 
peting lines. Pacts well worthy the consideration of travelers. 

E. S. BOWEN. JNO. N. ABBOTT, 

General Super intencleiit. General Passenger Agent . 




































































CITIZENS’ LINE OF STEAMERS 

BETWEEN 

NEW YORK. AND TROY, 

Connecting with New York Central, Albany Sc Susquehanna, Rensselaer & 
Saratoga, Troy & Boston, Fitchburg, Central Vermont, and Adiron¬ 
dack Railroads, and Lake George and Lake Champlain Steamers. 


THE NEW AND MAGNIFICENT PALACE STEAMERS 

‘CITY OF TROY” & “SARATOGA” 

Leave New York Daily, Saturdays excepted, at 6 P.M., 

From Pier 49, North River, foot Lerov Streit. 

Arriving at Troy at 6 A.M., connecting with all morning trains North, East, 
and West. 

THROUGH TICKETS SOLD AND BAGGAGE CHECKED TO ALL FOINTS. 

RETURNING, leave Troy Daily, Saturdays excepted, at 7.30 P.M., or on 
arrival of all evening trains from the North, East, and West. 

J5ET" Through Tickets sold on the Steamers, and Baggage checked through to 
Long Branch, Ocean Grove, Philadelphia. Baltimore, and Washington. 

THROUGH TICKETS sold in New York and Baggage checked from all 
offices of Wescott's Express Company. No. 7 Park Place, and 785 &. 942 Broadway; 
No. 333 Washington St., Brooklyn; No. 79 Four'h St., Wiiliamsburgh; No, 197 
Montgomery Sc., Jersey City ; and at all principal Hotels in New York. 

THE SPECIAL ATTENTION OF TOURISTS AND TRAVELERS is called 
to the fact that the Palace Steamers of this Line are entirely new, having been 
built expressly for this route, and are replete with all the comforts and conve¬ 
niences of a first-class hotel. No finer river steamers in the world. Over 150 
elegantly-furnished State-rooms. During the cool months rooms heated by steam. 
Meals served on the European plan, 

Hudson River Railroad Tickets (coupons), Troy or Albany to New York, 
or vice versa, taken for passage, including State-room Berth. 

Ask for Tickets via Citizens’ Line Troy Steamboats, fare $1.95 less 
than by Hudson River Railroad, and less than by any other line of Steamers. 

JOSEPH CORNELL, Gen. Sup’t. 

G. M. LEWIS, Gen. Ticket Ag't. WM. H. HUTCHINS, Gen. Pass. Ag't. 




















FALL RIVER LINE 


Between New York and Boston, 

VIA NEWPORT AND FALE RIVEIt, 

STEAMERS LEAVE NEW YORK AT 

R P M Dail Y (Sundays, June 11th to Sept. 10th, inclusive,) 
w I ■ IYI < from Pier 28, N.R., ft. of Murray St ; 4 P.M. in winter. 

THE MAMMOTH PALACE STEAMERS 

BRISTOL, PRO VI DENGS, 

COMMANDER, A. G. SIMMONS. COMMANDER, B. M. SIMMONS 

LARGEST, FINEST, AND MOST COSTLY IN THE WORLD. 
Trains leave Boston from the Old Colony It. R. Depot, comer 
South and Kneeland Sts. —Express, 8:30 P M. (runs through to 
Newport, allowing an opportunity of a visit of three hours at that 
fashionable watering place). Accommodation at 4:30 P M. ; 
Steamboat Express, 6 P.M. (Sundays, July 1st to Sept. 2d, in¬ 
clusive, at 7 P.M.)—connecting with these magnificent Steamers 
at Fall River. 


Steamers leave Newport at 8:30 P.M. 

The Very Best Route to and from New York, Boston, Taunton, 
New Bedford, Martha’s Vineyard, Nantucket, Cape Cod, the White 
Mountains, and all points East, South, and West. 

HALL’S CELEBRATED RANDS 
Accompany each of the Steamers of this Line during the Season 
of Pleasure-Travel, and entertain passengers every evening with 
a G HANJ) PROMENADE CONCERT. This is a 
novel and fascinating feature possessed by no other Line on 
Long Island Sound. 

FOR TICKETS AND STATEROOMS 

in New York, apply at 529 Broadway; Broadway, cor. 23d St. ; 
Dodd’s Express Office, 944 Broadway ; and 4 Court St., Brooklyn ; 
at all principal Hotels and Ticket Offices ; at the Office on the Pier, 
and on board of Steamers. 

In Boston, at No. 3 Old State House and at Old Colony R. R. 
Depot. 

Through Tickets sold by all the principal Railroads East, South 
and West. Baggage checked to destination. 


THE ONLY DIRECT LINE TO AND FROM NEWPORT. 

car" Ask for Tickets via Fall River Line. 


BORDEN & LOVELL, Agents, J. R. KENDRICK, Sup’t 

New York. 

GEO. L. CONNOR, Gen’l Pass’r Agt., New York. 



BOSTON, MASS. 


J. W. WOLCOTT, Proprietor. 

“ The New Fire-Proof Palace Hotel—the ‘ Brunswick’—is one 
of the finest and most perfect Hotels in the world. The best 
class of travel, and in fact all the notabilities stop there. ”—IIotel 
Reporter, 


HOTEL BRUNSWICK, 

Boylston St., cor. Clarendon, 





























CBRTEAL VERMONT RAILROAD 

FOR 

White, Franconia and Mansfield Mountains, 

LAKES CHAMPLAIN, GEORGE, DUNMORE AND 
MEMPREMAGOG. 

Littleton, Profile, Crawford, Twin Mountain and Fabyan Rouses. 

Bethlehem, Jefferson, and Mt. Washington; Lebanon, Clarendon , 
Middletown, Sheldon, Highgate, Alburgh and Massena Springs. 


TO THE TOURIST. 

This Company issues annually a book entitled the “ Sumn er 
Excursionist,” handsomely illustrated, giving- a list of routes and 
rates for ''‘Excursion Tickets ,” also a full description of all routes 
and summer resorts, which is now ready for distribution, and can 
be obtained u EliEE ” on app’ication in person or by letter, at all 
Ticket Offices in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
Washington, Cincinnati, Louisville, Albany, Utica, Syracuse, 
Elmira, Rochester, Buffalo, Niagara Falls, Montreal, Ottawa, 
Quebec and White Mount ins. 

PRTNCTPAZ OFFICES: 

417 Broadway, New York. Wm. F. Smith, Agt 

322 Washington Street, Boston. T Edward Bond, “ 

L. MILLES. CHAS. A. BROWN, S. W. CUMMINGS, 

Gen. Supt. Traffic. Trav. Agt., St. Albans, Vt. Gen. Pass. Agt. 



THE “AMERICAN,” 

BOSTON, 

Having reduced its rates, offers to 

FAMILIES, TOURISTS and the TRAVELING PUBLIC, 

’ SUPERIOR ACCOMMODATIONS 

At $3.00 and $3.50 per Day. 

It is the only transient Hotel (on the American Plan) with 
RUNNING WATER IN EVERY CHAMBER, 

Is perfectly ventilated. No dark rooms in the house. Contains 

Passenger Elevator, Suites and Apartments, 

with Baths and Closets adjoining. 

HAS SIX STAIRWAYS FROM TOP TO BOTTOM, 

And every security against fire. 

“ It is one of the most attractive and best managed of New 
England Hotels.” N. Y. Mail. 

LEWIS RICE & SON. 

58 Hanover Street. 










SPUINCi 


GO 

>• 

DO 

>■ 

—\ 

o 

o 

3 > 


o 


This wonderful mineral fountain was discovered in February, 1870. It ia 
oca ted on the Ballston avenue, one and a half miles south of principal hot".*, at 
Saratoga Springs. The water vein was struck by the drill in the bird’s-eye lime¬ 
stone one hundred and thirty-two feet beneath the surface rock. The orifice, 
bored in the rock, is five and a half inches in diameter, and 132 feet deep, and ia 
tubed with a block-tin pipe, encased with iron, to the depth of eighty-five feet. 
Analysis of one U. S. Gallon by Professor C. F. Chandler, Ph.D., of Columbia 
College School of Mines : 


Chloride of Sodium... .5112.080 grains. 

Chloride of Potassium. 24.084 “ 

Bromide of Sodium.... 2.212 “ 

Iodide of Sodium. 0.248 “ 

Fluoride of Calcium... trace. 
Bicarbonate of Lithia.. 0.004 “ 

Bicarbonate of Soda... 71.282 “ 

Bicarb, of Magnesia . .149.843 “ 

Bicarbonate of Lime . .168.302 “ 

Bicarbonate of Strontia 0.425 “ 


Bicarbonate of Baryta. 2.014 grains. 

Bicarbonate of Iron.... 0.979 “ 

Sulphate of Potassa.... 0.318 “ 

Phosphate of Soda.... trace. 

Biboraie of Soda. trace. 

Alumina. trace. 

Silica. 0.665 “ 

Organic matter. trace. 


Total solid contents.... 901.546 


Carbonic Acid Gas in 1 U. S. Gal.454.0S2 cub. in. 

Density . 1.011 

Temperature... 46° Fah. 

It will be observed that the water is strongly charged with valuable mediei 
nal, mineral and gaseous proper .ies, and the preponderance of Gas enables the 
water to hold its heavy and valuable mineral elements in perfect solution, 
whereby the water is bottled in perfect purity, and may be preserved for ages 
and in any climate. The fact that the Spring is located 132 feet beneath a solid 
rock renders it free from all impurities from surface wash or drainage. 

The water never varies in flavor, nor are its properties subjected to 
shang* by the dilution of fresh water or the mingling of foreign substances 
during the wet seasons of the year. 

As a medicinal agency its effects are marvelous, especially in cutaneous 
diseases or any of the various phases of Scrofula, also in Kidney Disease, Liver 
Complaint, Dyspepsia , Biliousness, Rheumatism, Acidity of Stomach, Constipa¬ 
tion. and Piles. 

Geyser Water is a powerful cathartic, while at the same time, by proper 
itse, its minerals may be retained to operate as a tonic and builder up of an en¬ 
feebled system. Geyser Water operates with excellent effect upon the Kidneys. 

The lithia found in it is a specific for gravel or stone, and is effectual in dis¬ 
solving the chalk or limestone and urate deposits in Rheumatism and Gout. 

As an Aperient or Gathartic the water should be taken in the morning. 

It is sold in cases of four dozen Pints, two dozen Pints, or two dozen Quarts, 
and in Block Tin-Lined Barrels containing 30 gallons, for draught by druggists. 

The Spring property ia not managed by a Stock Companv. and for the pur 
poses of business the proprietor has adopted only the name “ Geyser Spring ’’ 

Address GEYSER SPRING, 

Jacob M. Adams, Prop’r. Saratoga Springs, N. Y 





















THE 


Congress and Empire 

Spring Waters of Saratoga, 

ARE 1 UE BEST OF ALL THE SARATOGA WATERS FOR THE BSE 01 
PERSONS OF CONSTIPATED HABIT. 


Tney act promptly and pleasantly, without producing debility, and their effect 
is net weakened by continued use, as is the case with ordinary cathartics. At the 
wine time they are not too cathartic— a fault with some of our mor.t drast\ c mine¬ 
ral waters —but sufficiently so for daily and healthful use, and not strong enough 
to produce reaction. 

Their continued use keeps the blood in a very pure and healthful condition, 
producing a clear florid complexion. They preserve the tone of the stomach, and 
are powerful preventives of fever and bilious complaints. 

THE COLUMBIAN SPRING WATER 

Is universally acknowledged to be the best Chalybeate 1 Voter knoion. Where th« 
blood -equires Iron , this water supplies it in the best possible form for use. Th« 
assimilation is perfect. A grain of iron in this water is, in the opinion of a cele¬ 
brated physician, “ more potent than twenty gravis exhibited according to the 
Pharmacopoeia." 

These waters, being purely natural , are highly recommended, and very fre¬ 
quently prescribed by the best medical authorities, many of whom, however, have 
expressed their condemnation in strong terms of the use of artificial mineral 
waters. 

Every genuine bottle of Congress Water has a large 64 C 99 raised on the glaca. 
FOR RALE BY DRUGGISTS and HOTELS THROUGHOUT the COUNTRY. 

None Genuine Sold on Draught. 

At our General Mineral Water Depot, in New York, all varieties of Natuis* 
Waters for sale at proprietors’ prices, delivered and shipped in New York, Brook¬ 
lyn and Jersey City, free of charge. 

Orders by nail will receive prompt attention. Empties taken back and allowed 
lor at '-iberai prices. Address, 

CONGRESS AND EMPIRE SPRING CO., 

94 Chambers Street, New York City, 

Or, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. t. 

py* In connection with a recent analysis of Congress Water, Prof. Chandler says: 

“As a Cathartic water, its almost entire freedom from iron should recommend 
K above all others, many of which contain so much of this ingredient as to seriouatj 
Irapaif their usefulness." 


A JOURNAL THAT ALL SHOULD READ 


“ It is the wisest and soundest of all our newspapers, and the most influential, 
certainly, of our afternoon press.”— N. Y. Independent. 

“The leading representative afternoon daily of New York City.”— New Haven 
Com m onwealth. 

“ It stands a whole head and shoulders above the rank and file of American 
Journalism.”— Philadelphia Press. 

“A model American Journal.”— Troy Times. 

“ The best evening paper in this country.”— Baptist Weekly. 

“Its honest independence, its ability, its elevated tone and its eminent literary 
qualities have won for it a more select class of readers than any other journal in 
the country can boast of.”—A 7 . Y. Daily Bulletin. 

“It justly commands the daily attention of the most cultured minds by its 
dignity, ability and scholarship.”— N. Y. Observer. 

“The favorite journal of a great many cultivated people.”— Buffalo Courier. 

“ The most respectable journal in these two cities. It has maintained a more 
independent and consistent character than any of Its contemporaries.”—A 7 . Y. 
Daily Witness. 

“Wherever read, it is relied upon and trusted as few journals are.”— Lansing- 
burgh Gazette. 

“ A power for good in the community.”— N. Y. Evangelist. 

“ The model of a strong, pure and cultivated newspaper.”— Christian 
Intelligencer. 

“ A model through the country for its English, its accuracy, and its high moral 
tone.”— Hartford Courant. 

“ A power among financial and mercantile interests.”— N. Y. Trade Record. 

“The best literary paper published in New York.”— Chicago Tribuiue. 

“Uniformly a manly and able journal.”— Evangelist. 

“Accepted at the South as best authority on any subject.”— New Orleans Times. 

*• Specially a business journal, but also a highly valued and exceedingly welcome 
visitor to the lei sun ly evening companionship of reading people, to the family, 
the ladies and children, and the home circle.”— Philadelphia. Ledger. 

“The paper can always be, with safety, taken in at home.”— Elizabeth Journal. 

“Nothing is to be found in its columns that would exclude it frcm the most 
refined family circle.”— Pittsburgh Post. 


The Hew York Evening Post 

Is sold by the principal newsdealers throughout the country, and 
in the hotels, at most of the summer resorts. If any person 
should be unable to procure a copy and will notify the publishers, 
they will endeavor to have it placed on sale at such points. 

HEADERS OF THE EVENING POST 

Temporarily absent from New York may have this journal mailed 
to them, postpaid, for 75 cents a month. The address will be 
changed as often as desired, and if the term paid for has not 
expired when the subscriber returns to the city, the paper wi'l be 
served at his residence by carrier. If the address is to be changed, 
the order should state whether Daily. Semi-Weekly or Weekly, 
and should give the old as well as the new address. 




DRS. STRONG’S REMEDIAL INSTITUTE, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y., 

Ij open all the year, and is also a Summer Resort during the 

Visiting Season. 

The Institute has recently been doubled in size to meet the necessities of its 
increased palronage. It is now the largest health institution in Saratoga, and is 
unsurpassed in the variety of its remedial appliances by any in this country. In 
the elegance and completeness of its appointments it is unequaled. The building 
is heated by steam, so that in the coldest weather the air of the house is like that 
of midsummer. The proprietors, Drs. S. S. &i S. E. STRONG, are Graduates of 
the Medical Department of the New York University, and are largely patronized 
by the medical profession. In addition to the ordinary remedial age ncies used 
in general practice, they emplov the EQUALIZE!?, or VACUUM TREATMENT, 
ELECTRO-THERMAL, SULPHUR, VAPOR, RUSSIAN, and TURKISH 
BATHS, SWEDISH MOVEMENT CURE, INHALATIONS OF OXYGEN, also 
of COMPKESSED and RARIFIED AIR, GYMNASTICS, and other varieties of 
Hydropathy and Medicine, for treatment of Nervous, Lung, Female and Chronic 
Diseases. 

References. —Bishoo M. Simpson, D.D., LL.D.: Rev. T. L. Cuyler, D.D.; 
P rof. T ayler Lewis, LL.D.; Chauncey N. Olds. LL.D. ; Robert Carter, Esq. 

For particulars of the Institution, send for Circulars on Lung, Nervous, 
Female, and Chronic Diseases, and on our Appliances. 

Address DRS. S. S. & S. E. STRONG, Remedial Institute, 

Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 

























ESTABLISHED FIFTY YEARS- 


CIRCULATION, OVER 52,000 COPIES. 

THE CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE 

C. H. FOWLER, D.J., LLJD, Editor. W. H. DePUY, D.D., Assistant Editor. 

PtJBLISHED -A-T 

805 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 


UNQUESTIONABLY THE ABLEST AND 



BEST FA PEE OF ITS KIND. READ 
WEEKLY IN MORE THAN 52,000 
HOMES. ITS VISITS ARE 
LOOKED FORWARD TO 
AS A SOURCE OF 
FLEASURE AND 
PROFIT BY ALL, 

OLD AND 
YOUNG. 


<£> / MEN 
OF BUSI¬ 
NESS WHO 
HAVE USED 
ITS AD VER TIS1NG 
iV COLUMNS BEAR TES- 
. TIMONY TO ITS VALUE 

BY THEIR INCREASING 
^ / PATRONAGE. REASON: ITS 
READERS ARE OF THE BETTER 
CLASS IN EVERY COMMUNITY 
r RC ULA TES. IN FA C T, 
JUST THE PEOPLE THAT FIRST CLASS 


BUSINESS HOUSES WANT TO REACH. 


ESTIMATES PROMPTLY FURNISHED ON APPLICATION. 


NELSON & PHILLIPS, Publishers 

805 Broadway, NEW YORK. 


'CJ 

v, 








PLEISCHMAN’S VIENNA MODEL BAKERY (ofthe Centennial Exposition)! 

Now at BROADWAY and 10 th STREET, NEW YORK (Opposite Stewart’s). 






















































































































































































































































































THE 



PERFUMES, 

Warranted the Finest Goods Made. 



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LUBIN 

OUTDONE. 

The most 
delightful of all 
perfumes is 
MITCHELL'S 
MEMORIAL 
COLOGNE. 



ITCHELLS'J^ 



&• * 
i : 1. -* 


* V-» . '/Jl'-' 1 JR 

W)M 

Cl y 

I JSb 

Dpi® 


sf mm 

Chilli ■ ■ l. C. JJgji? 


Trial size 
25c. 

Prepared by 
the 

Novelty 
Plaster Works, 
Lowell, 
Mass. 


TI»e Greatest Jledical Discovery since tlie Creation 
of ITIau, or since tlie Commencement of the Christian Era. 



There never 
has been a time 
when the deal¬ 
ing of so many 
differc nt d i s - 
eases has been 
caused by out¬ 
ward applica¬ 
tion as the pi e- 
sent. It is an 
undisputed fact 
that over half 
of the entire 
population of 
the globe resort 
to the use of 
ordinary plas¬ 
ters. 


Dr. MELVIN’S 
Capsicum 
Porous 
Plasters 

are acknowl¬ 
edged by all 
who have used 
them, to act 
quicker than 
any other plas¬ 
ter; one of them 
will do more 
real service 
than a hundred 
of the ordinary 
kind. All other 
plasters are 
slow of action, 


and require to be worn continually to effect a cure; but these act instantaneously. 

Physicians in all ages have thoroughly tested and well know the effect of 
Capsicum; but it is 011 ) 3 ' °f very recent date that its great advantages in a porous 
plaster have been discovered. Being, however, convinced of the wonderful cures 
effected by Dr. Melvin’s Capsicum Porous Plasters and their superi¬ 
ority over all other plasters, they now actually prescribe them, in their practice, 
for such diseases as rheumatism, pain in the side and back, and all such cases as 
have required the use of plasters or liniment. After you have tried other plasters 
and liniments and they have failed, and you want a certain cure, ask your drug¬ 
gist for Dr. Melvin's Capsicum Porous Plaster. You can hardly believe 
your own convictions of its wonderful effects. Although powerful and quick in its 
action, you can rely on its safety for the most delicate person to wear, as it is free 
from lead and other poisonous material commonly used in the manufacture of 
ordinary plasters. One trial is a sufficient guarantee of its merits, and one plaster 
will sell hundreds to your friends. 

Ask your druggist for Dr. Melvin’s Capsicum Porous Plaster, and 

take no other; or, on receipt of 25 cents for one, $1 for five, or $2 for a dozen, 
they will be mailed, post paid, to any address in the United States or Canadas. 


MANUFACTURED BY THE 

Novelty Plaster Works, Lowell, MassU. S. A . 

G. E. MITCHELL, Proprietor. 


Manufacturers of Plasters and Plaster Compounds. 








ALLAN HAY COMPANY, 

Estab. 1834. Incorp. 1874. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

Pure Laundry, Fine Toilet Soaps, 


CANDLES & PERFUMERY. 



Travelers, particularly during the hot and dusty months, are continually long¬ 
ing for a “good wash,” there being nothing more conducive to comfort. Pure 
voter can be found almost universally, but the article of S'rictly Pure 
Toilet Soap, is not so readily obt lined. A little forethought, however, will 
enable the traveling public to obtain this so greatly coveted article. The Toilet 
Soaps produced by ALLAN HAY CO., have been, by eminent French and 
Herman Chemists, pronounced totally free from injurious ingredien's, and hence 
intelligent people demand them. 

— -- ♦ ♦ -. 

Salesroom, 1179 Broadway, New York. 

Works, 38th Street, N. It. 



















































WINDSOR HOTEL, 

FIFTH AVENUE, 

NEW YORK. 


HAWK, WAITE & WETHERBEE, 

PBOPBIETOBS. 


The Windsor is more magnificent and commodious, and contains more n a! 
comfort than any other Hotel in America, 

Its location is delightful, being surrounded by the most fashionable residences 
in New York; it is also near the famous Central Park, and within three minutes’ 
walk of the Grand Central Railway Station. The rooms, 5U0 in number, with all 
the modern improvements, are eapeciafiy adapted for travelers ; this Hotel also 
has elegant apartments en suite, for families, permanent or transient. The light, 
ventilation, and sanitary qualities are perfect, and are not excelled by any hotel 
on either continent. Its table is of unexceptionable excellence. 

SAMUEL HAWK, CHARLES C. WAITE. 

Of St. Nicholas Hotel. Of Brevoort House, 

GARDNER WETHERBEE, 

Late of Revere House , Boston. 












































Phelps, Dodge & Co., 

OLIFF ST., between John and Fulton, 

New York. 

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN 

TIN AND ROOFING PLATES, 

OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, 

PIG* TIN, RUSSIA SHEET IRON, 
Charcoal and Common Sheet Iron, 

LEAD SHEET ZINC, COPPER, 
SPELTER, SOLDER, ANTIMONY, iic. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 


POPPER, BRASS, AND WIRB. 



















M. & E. S. CHAPIN, Springfield, Mass. 


The Massasoit House, near Railroad Stations, was established in 1843. It has 
been twice enlarged, making it three times its original size, and thoroughly re¬ 
modeled and refurnished. Tho large airy sleeping rooms, furnished with hot and 
cold water, are excelled by none in tho country. Connecting rooms, en suite, for 
families, elegantly furnished and with bath-rooms attached. Special attention 
paid to ventilation and all sanitary improvements. The proprietors are deter¬ 
mined that the world-wide reputation of the Massasoit shall be maintained in all 
respects. 


BREVOORT HOUSE, 

Fifth Avenue, near Washington Square, New York. 

A quiet Hotel , with a Jiestaurant of peculiar excellence; its patrons are of 
the best families of this country and Europe. 

CHARLES C. WAITE, Resident Proprietor. 

Fifth Avenue, near Washington Square, has been greatly improved by the 
building of those select family hotels, the Berkeley and the Grosvenor, and will 
retain its select and aristocratic name for many years, despite the movement up¬ 
town. The Brevoort House, which is located in this portion of Fifth Avenue, 
opened its doors to the public Twenty-two years ago. The location was then con¬ 
sidered up-town, and many predicted failure for such an elegant hotel so far 
away from business; but, on the contrary, the most favorable results were attained, 
its patrons, from the beginning, being the most select This hotel has, during 
these many years, maintained the most enviable reputation for its cuisine, and 
has entertained more of the royalty and nobility of Europe than all the other 
hotels in the city. The Brevookt has more real comforts than any European 
hotel on the American continent. It is the first resort of Europeans, epicures and 
experienced travelers in the United States. Its reputation is stronger to-day than 
ever, while the character of its management cannot be surpassed. It is quiet, 
elegant, refined, and furnishes the best—and only the best—of everything. Mr. 
Waite's connection with the new Windsor Hotel of this city, does not weaken his 
interest in or personal attention to the details of the Brevoort, whose constant 
patronage testifies to the position it occupies and deserves. This hotel was never 
better, and its prices for rooms and in the Restaurant are in accordance with file 
present times. 
























COUNTER,PLATFORM WAGON &TRACK 


SCALES 


THE BEST ARE^—2 
. ( —^ e ~TH E CHEAPEST 

WARYIM SAFE SjSCALECO. 

265 BROADWAY N. Y. 

7 21 CHESTNUT ST, PHILA. PA. 

; 111 SENECA ST. CLEVE. 0. _ 








HARTFORD, CONN. R. J. AIiLYN, Proprietor. 


This hotel is centrally located, being situated on the corner of Asylum and 
Trumbull Streets; is the leading Hotel of Hartford. It fronts two streets, thus 
affording many outside rooms, and is furnished in good style. Has good com¬ 
fortable spring-beds—marble basins and running water in its sleeping-rooms; 
has many rooms en suite for family use, and affords an excellent table. In all 
its appointments it is strictly first clais. 



For ASYLUMS, HOSPITALS, HOTELS and PRIVATE use. 
None Genuine but the HARTFORD WOVEN WIRE MAT¬ 
TRESS. Send for price list. 



























PORTRAITS. 


Has removed to 37 Union Square, 


NRAV YORK. 


ELEVATOR FROM THE STREET. 


P. R. B. PIERSON, 


DJSSIO-JSTJER A.JSTJD ERG-RA. VER 

— ON — * 

WOOD, 

No. 245 BROADWAY, 


(The Orange Judd Co.'s Building,) 


NEW YORK. 





HIGHEST HONORS 


AT THE CENTENNIAL WORLD'S FAIR, 1876! 

THE 

SHONINGER ORGANS. 



Their comparative excellence is recognized by the Judges in their Report, 
from which the following is an extract: 

“The B. Shoninger Organ Co’s Exhibit ns tlie best 

Instruments at a price rendering them possible to a large class of purchasers, 
having a combination of Reeds and Bells, producing novel and pleasing effects, 
containing many desirable improvements, will stand longer in dry or damp 
climate, less liable to get out of order, all the boards being made three-ply, put 
together so it is impossible for them to either shrink, swell or split.” Xlie only 
organs awarded tills rank. 

This medal and award was granted after the most severe competition of the best 
makers, before one of the most competent j uries ever assembled. 

New stvles and prices just issued, which arc in accordance with our rule, the 
the BEST ORGAN for the least money. A splendid Stool boxed free with each 
organ. A liberal discount to the Clergy, Sunday Schools, Teachers, Churches 
and Lodges. 

We are prepared to appoint a few new Agents. 

Illustrated Catalogues mailed, postpaid, upon application to 

B. Shoninger Organ Oo., 97 to 123 Chestnut St., New Haven, Conn. 





























































-lu Indispensable requisite for every Teacher, Advanced Student , 
Intelligent Family, ami Professional Person, is 

THE BEST ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 



WEBSTER’S UIMABRIOCEO, 


iO.OOO Words and Meanings not in other Dictionaries. 

3,000 Engravings; 1,840 Pages Quarto. Price, §1? 
FOUR PAGcS COLORED ILLUSTRATIONS. 


“The best practical English Dictionary extant.” —London 
Quarterly Review, Oct., 1873. 

{y Now contains twenty-five percent, more matter than any other 
one volume English Dictionary published in this country or Great Britain. 
The Highest Authority in Gnat Britain as well as the United States. 

Warmly recommended by Bancroft, Prescott, Motley, Geo. P. 
Marsh, Halleck, Whittier, Willis, Saxe, Elihu Burritt, Daniel Webster, 
Rufus Choate, H. Coleridge, Smart, Horace Mann, Presidents Wooisey, 
Wayland, Hopkins, Nott, Waiker, Anderson, [more than fifty College 
Presidents in all] and the be6t American and European Scholars. 

‘•Indispensable to every student of the English language.”— M. 11. 
Waite, Chief Justice United States. 

Published by CJ. & C. MEHRIAM, Springfield, mass. 


Business Established, in 1835. 

BOERICKE & TAFJEL, 

HOMOEOPATH 1C PHARMACY 

And. Medical Publishing House, 

NEW YORK, 145 Grand St.; Established in 1835. 

PHILADELPHIA, 635 Arch St.; Established in 1843. 

“ 125 South 11th St.; Established in 1852. 

BALTIMORE, 135 W. Eayette St.; Established in 1869. 

SAN ERANCISCO, 234 Sutter St.; Established in 1870. 

OAKLAND. CAL.; Established in 1877. 
Homoeopathic Family and Travelers’ Medicine Cases and Books giving plain 
directions for use, a Specialty. Descriptive Catalogues of all styles and prices 
furnished free on application. 

BoeriekecSc Tafel re¬ 
ceived the onlyPrize 
Medal and Diploma 
awarded for Homoe¬ 
opathic Medicines, 
at the Centennial 
Exposition. 













HAMAMBLIS, OR WI'J'CH 

The People’s Remedy, 

For Files, Sprains, Lameness, Burns, Scalds, Bruises, Soreness, Rheum¬ 
atism, Boils, Ulcers, Catarrh, Wounds, etc. Also for Toothache. 
Headache, Neuralgia, Sore Throat, Hoarseness, Colic, Diarrhoea, ana 
all Hemorrhages,&c. 

RETAIL PRICES. — Small .$0.50—cheap, because doses are small. 

Medium. .. . $1.00—worth $1.33 ; saving 33 cents. 

Large .$1.75—worth $2.67; saving 92 cents. 

This popular remedy has now been before the country for more than a 
quarter of a century , during which, with very little advertising, it has firmly 
established itself in the confidence of the people; and in thousands of families 
has become as indispensable as flour or salt. 

During this period its inherent merits have overcome the intense prejudice 
of physicians, and it is now daily prescribed and rccommendod by members of 
the Faculty, of all Schools—Allopathic, Homoepathic, Botanic, and Eclectic. 
Ask any of them about it. They will tell you that the medicinal virtues of 
Witch Hazel in an extraordinary range of action are indisputable, and that 
ours is simply the 

BEST AND ONLY UNIFORM PREPARATION 

from that shrub; that it is carefully made by experienced pharmacists, having 
the advantage of the perfect machinery required by an enormous business, 
from the best parts of the plant, judiciously selected at an exact and critical 
period of its growth. They will tell you that it is always the same, and 
always yood ; that it is not affected by change of climate or temperature: 
that its action is prompt and effectual; that it does not accumulate in the 
system, and ultimately manifest poisonous characteristics, but may be used 
freely, externally and internally, alone or in connection with other medicines. 

WITHOUT THE SLIGHTEST DANGER. 

Ask your druggist for one of the little books (bearing his address), with 
which we supply him free, for distribution among his patrons. If you are 
well, it may give yon some Interesting and JJseful Information / 
while to the ill it may be the Road to Health. 

REMEMBER.— Fond’s Extract really has a very extensive range 
of action. It will promptly relieve any pain, and will effectually and perma 
nently cure a greater number of the ills which an intelligent and prudent mother 
would trust herself to treat than any other preparation, It is, therefore, 

AN INVALUABLE DOMESTIC REMEDY. 

The 50c. Bottle is cheap, because the doses are small. The $1 Bottle is cheaper, 
worth $1.33, saving 33c. The $1.75 Bottle is cheapest, worth $2.67, saving 92c. 

FOR SALE EVERYWHERE. 



L ¥ Li\ I ff n Lit La 

EXTRAC 







Connecticut Mutual Lite Ins. Co. 

OF HARTFORD, CONN. 


Thirty-first Annual Statement. 


Net Assets, January 1, 1876. 

_j For Premiums. 

Received in 16.0. ^ f 01 . interest and Rent. 


.$41,462,065 63 

$6,725,120 67 

2,803,993 46 9,619,114 13 


$51,081,179 66 

Disbursed in 1876.....:. 7,061,033 19 


Balance, Net Assets, December 31, 1816. .$44,020,146 47 


Gross assets, December 31, 1876.$46,213,000 33 

Liabilities: . . 

Amount required to reinsure all outstanding policies, 

net, assuming4 per cent, interest..-... $40,775,730 00 

All otherliabilities...•. 1,315,313 40 42,091,043 40 


Surplus, December 31, 1876. $4,121,962 93 


Increase of assets during 1876..$2,718,355 41 

Ratio of expense of management to receipts in 1876 . 6.95 per cant. 

Policies in force, Dec. 31, 1876, 66,618, insuring.$183,414,408 00 


JAMES GOODWIN, President. 

JACOB L. GREENE, Sec. JOHN M. TAYLOR, Asst. Sec. 

yETN A ” 

IN SURANCE COMPANY, 


OF HARTFORD, CONN. 


Capital, - - - $3,000,000 

Assets, ~ - - 7,000,000 

INCORPORATED 1819. CHARTER PERPETUAL. 


L. J. HENDEE, President. 

J. GOODNOW, Sec. WM. B. CLARK, Ass’t Sec. 

Fred. C. Bennett, Gen’l Agent, ) , T , , v, . . ... 

Wm. II. Wyman, Asst. Gen’l Agt. \ Western Branoh ’ Cincinnati. 

Ceo. C. Boakdman, Gen’l Agent, Pacific Branch, San Francisco. 
E. P. Dorr, Gen’l Agent, Inland Department, Buffalo. 

Agencies in all principal Cities, Towns and Villages of the U. S, 

































































































































